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Query: UMLS:C0149871 (deep vein thrombosis)
 12,364 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The incidence of deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism after lung or heart-lung transplantation has not been well defined. Pulmonary embolism may be of particular concern in the postoperative period owing to an inadequately developed or absent collateral bronchial circulation and potential risk of pulmonary infarction. Fourteen (12.1%) of 116 patients undergoing either lung (n = 87) or heart-lung (n = 29) transplantation developed thromboembolic complications 10 days to 36 months after operation. Deep vein thrombosis developed in nine patients, including three with upper body thrombosis related to indwelling central venous catheters. Seven patients (6%) had pulmonary embolism, and three of them died. Resolution of pulmonary embolism was successfully accomplished by selective pulmonary artery infusion of urokinase in three patients without complications. Our experience indicates that deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are significant problems after lung transplantation. Mortality is high in those patients in whom pulmonary embolism develops. Therefore, a comprehensive prevention protocol is warranted.
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PMID:Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism after lung transplantation. 763 73

Deep vein thrombosis with consecutive pulmonary embolism is one of the most important complications for trauma patients. At the University Hospital of Mainz, Department of Traumatology, colour duplex ultrasound is used as screening method in trauma patients. Fractures of thoracic and lumbal spinal bones, pelvis, hip and lower extremities, endoprosthesis of hip and knee joints and longer immobilisation are considered as special risk for the genesis of deep vein thrombosis. Out of 326 patients investigated with colour duplex ultrasound, 24 patients suffered from unknown deep vein thrombosis, 8 developing pulmonary embolism. We recommend colour duplex sonography on day 10, after the third week, and after longer immobilisation. Colour duplex sonography provides an easy performable and noninvasive method for screening evaluation of deep vein thrombosis in trauma patients.
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PMID:[Color-coded duplex ultrasound as a screening method in trauma surgery]. 763 25

Often called in to give his opinion on lymphoedema of the upper limb after radiosurgical treatment for breast cancer, the angiologist should be familiar with the anatomic lesions induced by the treatment. The surgical procedure varies from simple tumourectomy to complete mammectomy. Complications include infection followed by fibrosis and occlusion of the collecting lymphatic vessels. Axillary venous thrombosis is exceptional. Dissection of the lymph nodes interrupts lymph drainage of the homolateral limb leading to lymphoedema which is worsened by fibrosis, venous stasis and damage to the plexus. Ionization therapy causes multiple organ damage to viscera (lungs, pleura), skeleton (ribs, clavicle), myocardium and coronary arteries, mediastinal brachial plexus, skin fibrosis, arterial obliteration and venous narrowing and thrombosis. Chemotherapy causes thrombosis of the superficial veins after perfusion. Deep vein thrombosis is rare. These lesions rarely occur alone. The clinical course of the associated lesions is part of a major psychological context which must be taken into account. The angiologist should perform a careful clinical examination, detect and document possible recurrence, explore the vascular axes with echo-Doppler or plethysmography when needed in order to detect the venous lesions which occur in 50% of the cases. Lymphatic involvement in lymphoedema is clinically obvious and may not require further explorations. Treatment is difficult in cases with associated venous involvement. Strapping with or without pressure, manual lymphatic drainage, active mobilisation and elastic sleave after reduction are used. When detected early venous thrombosis is managed as other deep vein thrombosis. Arterial damage may appear late (delay more than 3 years) in rare cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Management by the angiologist of sequellae of radiosurgical treatment of breast cancer]. 765 Apr 44

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and subsequent pulmonary embolism (PE) is a major source of mortality and morbidity in stroke patients. This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of different prophylactic treatments in the prevention of DVT after a stroke in patients undergoing rehabilitation. An additional objective was the identification of risk factors for DVT in stroke in patients during rehabilitation. Three hundred and sixty patients, over a 3-year period, were randomly assigned to one of four groups: adjusted dose heparin, intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC), functional electrical stimulation (FES), or control. There was no significant difference in the development of DVT by treatment group. Patients with DVT on admission (prevalent, n = 61) were compared with the study patients (n = 360). Time interval (from stroke to admission) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) concentration were significant risk factors, as well as predictors, for development of DVT (p < .000). These results suggest that the longer a patient remains without DVT prophylaxis after a stroke, the greater the risk of developing DVT and this supports early prophylaxis before rehabilitation.
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PMID:Deep vein thrombosis: prevention in stroke patients during rehabilitation. 771 32

A 23-year-old man was admitted because of an attack of chest pain and dry cough. Chest roentogenogram showed a solitary pulmonary nodule in the left upper lobe. Chest CT showed a nodule and a small pleural effusion on the same side. Pulmonary thrombosis was diagnosed by pulmonary Ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy and pulmonary arteriography. Deep vein thrombosis was not detected except in a distal pulmonary artery. The solitary nodule disappeared spontaneously without thrombolytic therapy. An anticardiolipin antibody (IgG) test was positive. Primary antiphospholipid syndrome was diagnosed, because of the absence of physical findings suggesting other collagen vascular diseases. Patients with antiphospholipid syndrome have a high frequency of pulmonary complications that include pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary embolism. Most of the patients with pulmonary embolism have deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary vessel thrombosis as seen in the present case is a rare complication.
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PMID:[A case of pulmonary thrombosis associated with primary antiphospholipid syndrome]. 773 Nov 19

Deep vein thrombosis still is a severe problem in hip replacement. Based on pathophysiological considerations, it is postulated that there is a connection between intramedullary pressure peaks, resulting intravasation of bone marrow, and the induction of deep vein thrombosis. The content of the bone marrow cavity can be considered active where coagulation is concerned. Intravasation may contribute to the development of deep vein thrombosis. In addition to medicamentous prophylaxis and early mobilization, a surgical technique also helps in the prophylaxis thrombosis. In this technique, intramedullary pressure increases are avoided as far as possible, which consequently minimizes intravasation of the content of the bone marrow cavity.
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PMID:[Is there a connection between intramedullary pressure increase, bone marrow intravasation and deep venous thrombosis of the leg in endoprosthetics?]. 775 35

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has known morbidity and mortality. New noninvasive techniques such as B-mode scanning and Doppler ultrasonography (duplex) are highly accurate in the diagnosis of this problem but are relatively expensive and time consuming. Continuous-wave Doppler, a precursor noninvasive technique, is simple, cheap, and easy to perform at the patient's bedside. To test the effectiveness of this technique the authors prospectively studied patients with clinical suspicion of DVT by Doppler ultrasound and compared the results with those from venography. During fourteen consecutive months, patients with a clinical suspicion of DVT underwent continuous-wave Doppler examination of both inferior limbs. Each case was diagnosed as positive, negative, or inconclusive. In addition, the patients underwent a questionnaire regarding risk factors, symptoms, and mean relevant physical findings. Doppler examination was blinded to venography results. A total of 116 patients with clinical suspicion of DVT were examined by Doppler ultrasound. Their mean age was fifty-five years (range: eighteen to eighty-eight). There were 57 men and 59 women, and from this group a total of 40 patients underwent both Doppler ultrasound examination and venography in the course of forty-eight consecutive hours. When cases with an inconclusive result were excluded, Doppler ultrasound showed a sensitivity of 89%, a specificity of 100%, and an accuracy of 94% for the diagnosis of DVT when compared with venography. When a similar analysis was done for the proximal named veins, continuous-wave Doppler examination showed a very high specificity and positive predictive value and a moderate sensitivity and negative predictive value.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of venous thrombosis. 781 59

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common complication in patients undergoing elective hip surgery. Because of the associated risk of pulmonary embolism, prophylaxis with standard (unfractionated) heparin is becoming increasingly important. Recent clinical trials have shown a low molecular weight form of heparin, enoxaparin, to be more effective than standard heparin in preventing DVT, but the new drug is also more expensive. Data on clinical effectiveness and cost were combined in an economic evaluation of the two regimens. It was found that prophylaxis with enoxaparin would be expected to lead to a net saving of 20 pounds per patient. The economic results are sensitive to the costs of enoxaparin, the costs of drug administration and the probability of false clinical diagnosis of DVT or pulmonary embolism.
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PMID:Economic evaluation of standard heparin and enoxaparin for prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis in elective hip surgery. 782 28

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism are serious complications following hip and knee replacement surgery. Both surgical procedures have significantly high postoperative rates of DVT. In total hip replacement, the rate of proximal thrombi tends to be higher. However, total knee replacement produces a high rate of calf thrombi and a higher overall rate of thrombosis. In a search for innovative ways to reduce the risk of thrombosis, three types of anesthesia were examined: general anesthesia, epidural anesthesia, and hypotensive epidural anesthesia in which a controlled hypotension is provided. The hypotension commonly exists with epidural anesthesia also, unless blood pressure is maintained with an agent such as ephedrine. When blood pressure is allowed to drop in a controlled fashion, hypotensive anesthesia is effected.
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PMID:Effects of epidural anesthesia on incidence of venous thromboembolism following joint replacement. 793 84

Deep vein thrombosis is a rare event during pregnancy. A case which occurred in a 27-year-old nullipara at 36 weeks of pregnancy is reported. Related literature is reviewed, specially in what concerns diagnosis and therapy.
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PMID:[Deep venous thrombosis during pregnancy]. 807 5


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