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Query: UMLS:C0149871 (deep vein thrombosis)
 12,364 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Superficial thrombophlebitis is common in varicose veins or veins that have undergone trauma from catheters or intravenous medications. Pain and tenderness, warmth, and erythema are diagnostic features. A compression bandage and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent are often all that is required for treatment. Deep vein thrombosis occurs in veins beneath the deep fascia of the leg or in the pelvis or abdomen. It is often asymptomatic but must be treated to prevent pulmonary embolization and postthrombotic syndrome. Standard therapy is administration of heparin sodium for 5 days, followed by tapering and discontinuation. Warfarin sodium (Coumadin, Panwarfin, Sofarin) is sometimes given simultaneously. Longer courses of anti-coagulation therapy are necessary in patients with an ongoing risk of recurrence.
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PMID:Acute venous thrombosis. Therapeutic choices for superficial and deep veins. 203 Oct 32

In a prospective, randomized controlled study, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and tissue plasminogen activator antigen (t-PA:ag) were measured pre- and postoperatively in 40 consecutive patients undergoing total hip replacement. Patients received either a subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin or placebo once daily. Deep vein thrombosis was diagnosed by bilateral phlebography. Patients who developed postoperative thromboembolic complications had significantly lower preoperative t-PA activity levels than patients who did not develop such complications. No difference was observed between the two groups with respect to t-PA:ag. Thromboprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparin did not cause any significant changes in t-PA activity and t-PA:ag. This study in high risk patients indicates that impaired fibrinolysis may be associated with development of thromboembolic complications after operation.
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PMID:Association between plasma levels of tissue plasminogen activator and postoperative deep vein thrombosis--influence of prophylaxis with a low molecular weight heparin. The Venous Thrombosis Group. 216 77

A randomized trial was performed in consecutive patients undergoing total hip replacement to evaluate the effectiveness of sequential intermittent calf and thigh compression for preventing venous thrombosis compared with a control group given no prophylaxis. Both groups underwent case finding for deep vein thrombosis using combined fibrinogen I 125 leg scanning, impedance plethysmography, and venography. Deep vein thrombosis by venography was present in 77 (49%) of 158 control patients compared with 36 (24%) of 152 patients given intermittent compression. Proximal vein thrombosis was present in 42 controls (27%) compared with 22 patients (14%) given intermittent compression. Combined impedance plethysmography and leg scanning was insensitive in this patient group (sensitivity, 46%); venography was required to detect more than half the patients with venous thrombosis. Sequential intermittent leg compression clinically and statistically significantly reduced the frequency of both proximal vein and calf vein thrombosis. Case finding resulted in early detection and treatment of patients with venous thrombosis.
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PMID:Effectiveness of intermittent pneumatic leg compression for preventing deep vein thrombosis after total hip replacement. 221 70

Deep vein thrombosis of the upper extremity was long thought to be a benign disease, rarely complicated by pulmonary embolism and associated with minimal long-term morbidity. More recent observations have demonstrated however, that a significant number of patients will continue to have disabling symptoms after treatment with conservative measures and standard anticoagulation therapy, and that pulmonary embolism can occur in the course of the disease. Because of its significant morbidity and increasing incidence, an aggressive emergency department approach to diagnosis and early consideration of fibrinolytic therapy are recommended.
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PMID:Deep venous thrombosis of the upper extremity: diagnosis and treatment. 219 Oct 32

The incidence of deep vein thrombosis in 244 patients who had total knee replacement has been studied. In 120 the prosthesis was cemented and in 124 it was cementless. In all cases the replacement was primary and a porous-coated prosthesis with a porous-coated central tibial stem was used. Deep vein thrombosis was diagnosed by venography, and pulmonary embolism by perfusion scanning. The incidence of deep vein thrombosis in the cementless knees (23.8%) and in the cemented (25%) was approximately the same. The only significant predisposing factors for deep vein thrombosis in both groups were obesity, prolonged postoperative immobilisation, previous venous disease and hyperlipidaemia.
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PMID:The incidence of deep vein thrombosis after cementless and cemented knee replacement. 221 55

Deep vein thrombosis is a serious medical problem that may lead to pulmonary embolus. The authors discuss the noninvasive diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis using venous occlusion plethysmography and ultrasonic duplex scanning.
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PMID:Noninvasive diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis. 227 Jan 47

Low-dose subcutaneous Heparin-Ca injections have been used for the prevention of thrombo-embolic complications of obstetrical-gynaecological operations in 126 women exposed to risk. The blood coagulation parameters showed heparin effect of prophylactic level and thrombocytopenia or bleeding did not occur. The drug was well tolerated locally. Deep vein thrombosis or embolism did not develop. According to the opinion of the author heparin prevention is absolutely indicated--especially in case of existence of several risk factors.
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PMID:Postoperative thrombosis prophylaxis with subcutaneous heparin-Ca injection. 228 23

Deep vein thrombosis of the upper limb is much rarer than that of the lower limb. Despite conventional treatment with systemic heparin, there are residual symptoms in many patients. An alternative method of local thrombolytic therapy was used with success in a 30-year-old-women with thrombosis in his arm. 1 year later s/he is well and symptom-free.
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PMID:[Local thrombolytic therapy for axillary vein thrombosis]. 235 15

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) leads to hospitalization for up to 600,000 persons each year in the United States. Venous thrombosis in itself may be benign, but the condition can lead to dangerous complications and has a high recurrence rate. Strategies to prevent DVT involve prevention of stasis and reversal of changes in blood coagulability that allow thrombi to form. Pharmacologic agents have been effective in reducing the incidence of DVT and pulmonary embolism. Low-dose subcutaneous heparin is considered a nearly ideal DVT preventative for surgically treated patients. The risk of hemorrhage is the main limitation to routine use of subcutaneous anticoagulants for DVT, but careful patient selection can minimize that risk. After anticoagulant therapy with heparin, generally for 7 to 10 days, oral warfarin is the drug of choice for maintenance anticoagulation to prevent DVT recurrence. Therapy for pulmonary embolism is the same as for DVT--immediate anticoagulation with heparin followed by maintenance with warfarin.
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PMID:Prevention of venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. 240 27

Twenty-nine patients were operated on with the Charnley hip prosthesis. All the patients were given dextran 70 as thrombosis prophylaxis. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was diagnosed in 10 patients with the radioactive fibrinogen uptake test and phlebography. Variables of coagulation and fibrinolysis were studied before and after surgery. Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity in the plasma without venous occlusion decreased postoperatively, but there was no correlation with DVT. The t-PA activity in venous occlusion plasma was not reduced after surgery. Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) levels were raised immediately postoperatively. There was a significant correlation between preoperative PAI-1 activity and development of postoperative DVT (P less than 0.05). Patients developing DVT had higher levels of PAI-1 postoperatively than patients not developing DVT. A defective fibrinolytic system, as defined by high PAI-1 activity, thus predisposed to postoperative DVT.
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PMID:Thrombosis after hip replacement. Relationship to the fibrinolytic system. 247 86


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