Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0149741 (nipple discharge)
 551 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Seventy-four patients who had papillary duct hyperplasia were studied to characterize the pathologic features of the lesions and to assess their precancerous significance. All but one were female. The median age at diagnosis was 17 yr with 52 (70%) between 15 and 25 yr, 18 (24%) < 15 yr and four (5%) 25 to 29 yr old. Age at follow-up ranged from 9 to 53 yr with 49 (66%) < 30 yr, 22 (30%) age 30 to 39 yr, and three (4%) age 40 yr or more. Median age at last follow-up was 28 yr. The most frequent presenting symptoms were a mass and/or nipple discharge. A family history of breast carcinoma was reported by 19 of 69 patients (28%) with available information. Three patterns of papillary duct hyperplasia were identified: sclerosing papilloma (31; 42%), papilloma (24; 32%) and papillomatosis (19; 26%). Prominent cysts, apocrine metaplasia, other benign proliferative changes, and mastitis that characterize juvenile papillomatosis were absent. All patients had an excisional biopsy followed by segmental mastectomy for two large lesions. Recurrences in the breast were detected in 12 (16%) of the patients after a median interval of 3 yr, more commonly in patients with sclerosing papilloma (5; 31%) and papilloma (5; 21%) than in those with papillomatosis (2; 11%). The risk of recurrence was not related to a family history of breast carcinoma. None of the patients developed mammary carcinoma or any other malignant neoplasm. These results indicate that children, adolescents, and young women with the types of papillary duct hyperplasia described in this report are not predisposed to develop breast carcinoma before age 30.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mod Pathol 1993 Sep
PMID:Papillary duct hyperplasia of the breast in children and young women. 824 14

In this study a good sensibility of ultrasound in identifying ductal disease was demonstrated. We evaluated the relationship between nipple discharge and ductal ectasia and the importance of the ectasia in maintaining nipple discharge. From our data the hypothesis of a possible role of oestroprogestinic hormones in the genesis or maintaining of ductal ectasia emerged.
G Chir 1993 Sep
PMID:[The role of echography in the determination and monitoring of ductal ectasia in nipple discharge]. 828 83

The relationship between the location and the discharge of breast cancers in 50 cases was analyzed from May 1980 to May 1989. Those lesions were located beneath the areolae or near the areolae. Ductograms and cytology were very useful in the diagnosis. Most of them (72.7% and 69.2% respectively) belonged stage I. Five-year survival was 100% and 92.6% respectively. But those located far away from areola tended to become bigger and bigger, and invaded the large ducts. So the nipple discharge appeared. Most of them (69.2%) were in stage III. Five-year survival was 52.8%. The prognosis of this group was poorer than that of the former group.
Hua Xi Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1993 Sep
PMID:[Relationship between location and nipple discharge of breast cancer and its clinical significance]. 828 14

The patient-centered breast center should be utilizing a team approach, with technologists, radiologists, surgeons, pathologists, oncologists, therapists, etc. all working together to provide accurate, efficient and compassionate service to the patient. Patient intake questionnaires should include appropriate questions regarding nipple discharge. Members of the team such as secretaries and technologists need to be attuned to the significance of the patients complaints. We must keep utmost in our minds the many concerns of the patient. The comprehensive breast center should be a place where the patient can get answers. The Radiologist Breast Professional should be willing and able to ensure that they are provided. Galactography is one of the many ways that role can be fulfilled.
Adm Radiol 1995 Sep
PMID:Galactography--the under-utilized procedure. 1015 61

Patients with discrete breast lumps, irrespective of age, should be referred for assessment. Premenopausal women with equivocal lumps can be re-checked two weeks later and, if still present or dubious, sent to a breast clinic. Almost all women with breast pain do not need referral unless the symptoms are severe or prolonged. Careful examination will detect those individuals with underlying rib cage pain who can be reassured and given analgesics, if necessary, but not referred. Blood-containing nipple discharge is an indication for referral but such cases can be reassured that, in the absence of a lump, it is unlikely they have breast cancer. Most women who suspect their family history of breast cancer places them at increased risk can be safely reassured and do not need to be kept under surveillance. All those women who are eligible for the NHS screening programme should be encouraged to attend when invited.
Int J Clin Pract 2001 Sep
PMID:Assessment of breast problems. 1159 55

Benign breast disorders (BBD), classified by the ANDI system (aberrations of normal development and involution), constitute the major workload in breast clinics. Breast pain (mastalgia) is classified as cyclical, and non-cyclical extramammary causes such as ribircage pain have to be identified. Most patients need reassurance alone but those with moderate/severe pain present for > 6 months may need treatment: randomised trials have shown danazol, bromocriptine and tamoxifen to be effective. Fibroadenoma is the commonest benign solid lump in women aged 15-30 years. The diagnosis must be confirmed by triple assessment. Cysts occur usually in women of middle to late reproductive life. After ultrasound has confirmed the lump as cystic, it can be aspirated. Nipple discharge should be tested for the presence of haemoglobin (Hb). Those with HB+ discharge may require microdochectomy for treatment and diagnosis, common causes being duct papilloma and duct ectasia. Breast abscesses may occur during lactation or in women with duct ectasia and are treated by incision or aspiration together with antibiotics.
Int J Clin Pract 2001 Sep
PMID:Benign breast disease. 1159 56

The aim of this study was to identify the aerobic and the anaerobic microorganisms which can be related to duct ectasia. The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 comprised 100 patients with coloured nipple discharge (duct ectasia group), and Group 2 (the control group) was composed of 50 patients without nipple discharge. The culture media used were BHI-PRAS, blood agar, mannitol agar and MacConkey agar. There was a high frequency of bacterial growth in the two groups: 85% in Group 1 and 88% in Group 2. The most prevalent bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. There was a statistically significant higher rate of smokers in the duct ectasia group compared with the control group, 25 (25%) patients vs. 5 (10%), respectively (p = 0.03). These findings allow us to put forth the hypothesis that the genesis of duct ectasia may be a non-infectious inflammatory process.
Int J Clin Pract 2005 Sep
PMID:Prevalence of bacteria in the nipple discharge of patients with duct ectasia. 1611 80

Leiomyoma is a benign smooth muscle neoplasm. They can occur in any organ, but the most common forms occur in the uterus, small bowel and the esophagus. Leiomyoma of breast is a rare benign non epithelial tumor. Most leiomyomas in the breast are found in the subareolar region. There are few cases being reported in the literature. Here we report a case of 52 years old lady who presented to us with a painless right sided breast lump. There was no history of nipple discharge, trauma or use of oral contraceptive pills. Excisional biopsy revealed a growth pattern of interlacing fascicles of smooth-muscle cells consistent with leiomyoma of breast.
Nepal Med Coll J 2008 Sep
PMID:Leiomyoma of breast: a report of rare case. 1925 69

Mammary ductoscopy is a recent advance enabling direct visualisation and sampling of human mammary ducts using a micro endoscope. The majority of pre malignant and malignant changes in the breast arise from the epithelium lining the duct lobular unit, and access to this region by ductoscopy has the potential to revolutionise breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. The ability to sample ductal epithelium may allow identification of early malignant and pre-malignant cytological changes and assist surgical excision, facilitating diagnosis of non palpable cancer before detection on current imaging modalities. Presently, there are three main indications for ductoscopy in clinical practice viz. determining extent of resection for breast cancer, assessment of high risk individuals and in the management of patients with pathological nipple discharge. Our initial experience with ductoscopy in patients with nipple discharge undergoing surgery has been rewarding. Ductoscopy was feasible in 92% of patients. Abnormal findings on ductoscopy were associated with DCIS in 37% and DCIS with early invasive breast cancer in 21%, while normal ductoscopy correlated with a normal pathological assessment.
Indian J Surg Oncol 2010 Sep
PMID:Intraductal approach to breast cancer: the role of mammary ductoscopy. 2269 70

BACKGROUND.: Endoscopic mastectomy has been reportedly associated with smaller scars and greater patient satisfaction; however, few reports on this topic have been made. The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the early results of endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (ENSM) and to investigate the safety of this procedure. METHODS.: Between January 2002 and December 2005, a total of 87 patients with breast cancer but without skin and nipple involvement, including two cases of bilateral breast cancer, underwent E-NSM. In case of bloody nipple discharge and suspicious extension near the nipple as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, the major ducts within the nipple were cored (nipple coring). In other cases, nipple coring was not performed. RESULTS.: Of the 89 breasts in 87 patients, 42 had tumors of >2 cm and 80 were diagnosed as having invasive carcinoma. Lymph node involvement was observed in 36 procedures. The overall rate of nipple necrosis was 18% (16 of 89). The rate of nipple necrosis among the procedures with nipple coring was statistically higher than that among those without nipple coring (7 of 17, 41%, vs. 9 of 72, 13%) (P = .01). Nipple involvement was observed in 2.2% (2 of 89). After a median follow-up period of 52 months, distant metastasis was observed in nine cases; no local recurrences occurred in this series. CONCLUSIONS.: E-NSM is an oncologically safe procedure and an acceptable method in selected patients requiring a mastectomy. The higher rate of nipple necrosis may have been the result of a technical problem, indicating the need for continued improvement in nipple coring procedures.
Indian J Surg Oncol 2010 Sep
PMID:Early results of an endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy for breast cancer. 2269 68


<< Previous 1 2 3 Next >>