Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149521 (chronic pancreatitis)
 7,199 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Levels of a new carbohydrate antigen CA 19-9, which is a monosialoganglioside identified by a monoclonal antibody raised against colorectal carcinoma cells, were compared to carcinoembryonic antigen and tissue polypeptide antigen assays in 250 sera from patients with different pancreatic diseases including acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer. All three tumoral markers were elevated at the onset of an acute pancreatic attack in a few patients. All but five patients with chronic pancreatitis displayed normal levels with each of the three markers; in two of these five cases an extraintestinal cancer was later discovered. CA 19-9 displayed higher sensitivity and predictive value of a negative result than the other two markers. The best operational characteristic of CA 19-9 was its high predictive value for a positive test which suggests a "ruling in" usage of it for pancreatic cancer diagnosis. CA 19-9 assay was of extreme value in disclosing both localized and metastatic pancreatic cancer while the other two markers were more often positive in the latter case. Of 71 cancer patients with positive markers, only four would have escaped a right diagnosis by assaying CA 19-9 alone.
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PMID:CA 19-9 assay in differential diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma from inflammatory pancreatic diseases. 345 59

Tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were determined in the sera of 36 control subjects, 30 patients with pancreatic cancer, 35 with chronic pancreatitis and 25 with non-pancreatic digestive disease to evaluate their role in detecting pancreatic malignancy. Abnormal values of TPA and CEA were found in 28 and 19 of 30 patients with pancreatic cancer, and in four and seven of 35 patients with chronic pancreatitis, respectively. Raised titres of TPA were observed more often than equivalent serum CEA in simulated pancreatic diseases. The receiver-operating (ROC) characteristic curves showed that TPA was more discriminating than CEA in detecting pancreatic cancer. Specificity was enhanced when both titres were abnormally high and sensitivity when one titre was raised, but the diagnostic accuracy of TPA alone has not improved, which satisfactorily discriminates pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis.
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PMID:Is tissue polypeptide antigen more accurate than serum CEA for diagnosing pancreatic cancer? 395 34

The authors give the preliminary results about the determination of the tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in chronic pancreatitis and pancreas exocrine tumors, indicating that although it can make a differential diagnosis between the two diseases, it is of no practical value because of the frequent increase of TPA in several non tumoral processes that may or may not accompany pancreatic tumors.
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PMID:[Serum tissue polypeptide antigen in the differential diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and exocrine pancreatic tumors. Preliminary results]. 657 74

SDS electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels of purified trypsinogen 1 has shown the occurrence of a proteolysis in some molecules during long storage at -20 degrees C. This proteolyzed trypsinogen gives a positive reaction with an antiserum directed against the precipitate protein, major protein of about 14 000 molecular weight extracted from precipitates present in the pancreatic juice of patients with chronic pancreatitis. The autoactivation of proteolyzed trypsinogen 1 liberates a polypeptide of 14 000 molecular weight which is immunologically identical to the precipitate protein. These results show that the major protein present in pancreatic precipitates (and pancreatic stones) of patients with chronic pancreatitis is a degradation product of trypsinogen 1 liberated by a proteolysis which necessarily requires a premature zymogen activation in the disease.
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PMID:Proteolysis of human trypsinogen 1. Pathogenic implication in chronic pancreatitis. 669 53

The distribution and concentration of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) immunoreactivities in the pancreas of cats with experimentally induced chronic pancreatitis and of age- and sex-matched controls were investigated. By narrowing the main pancreatic duct between the head and the body to approximately 25% of its normal diameter, we induced within 5 weeks chronic pancreatitis restricted to the body and tail. In control animals, peptide immunoreactive nerves were distributed to the islets, acini, and ducts; the latter were predominantly innervated by fibers immunoreactive for NPY, VIP, or CGRP. The vasculature received an abundant supply of NPY-, CGRP-, and, to a lesser extent, SP-containing axons. Within intrapancreatic ganglia, peptide immunoreactivities were identified in fibers and ganglion cells, with the exception of CGRP and SP immunostaining, which could be visualized only in fibers. In animals with chronic pancreatitis, the innervation pattern of each peptidergic system was comparable to that described in controls. However, there was a remarkable increase in the density and staining intensity of VIP and NPY immunoreactive fibers in the exocrine parenchyma and fibrous septa of the body and tail, where chronic pancreatitis developed. Fibers immunoreactive for CGRP and SP also were moderately denser than in controls, whereas those containing GRP immunoreactivity did not show any detectable changes. In addition, a marked increase of the immunostaining for VIP and, to a much lesser extent, for NPY and GRP, was observed in neurites supplying the head of the pancreas, which appeared devoid of histologically detectable pathological alterations. Radioimmunoassay analysis confirmed the immunohistochemical observations. The increased density of distinct peptidergic nerves in the pancreas with induced chronic pancreatitis might be the result of compensatory phenomena in response to the inflammatory process.
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PMID:Differential effects of experimentally induced chronic pancreatitis on neuropeptide immunoreactivities in the feline pancreas. 750 19

The aim of this study was to assess by a stepwise multivariate discriminant analysis the value of four current serum tumour markers - carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 50 and CA 242 and tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) - and a new serum tumour marker, tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS), in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. The serum values were measured in a prospective series of patients with jaundice, with unjaundiced cholestasis and with a suspicion of chronic pancreatitis or a pancreatic tumour (n = 193). There were 24 patients with a cancer of the pancreas and two patients with a cancer of the papilla of Vater in this series. Our results showed that CA 50 (P < 0.001) and TPA (P < 0.01) were the best marker tests in predicting pancreatic malignancy. Also, the TPS (P = 0.07) and CA 242 (P = 0.08) tests showed marginally significant independent discriminating power, while the CEA test did not (P = 0.12). In order to sum up the contributions of different markers, a diagnostic score (DSI) was developed. The discrimination function was: DS1 = CA 50 x 1.75 + TPA x 0.62 + TPS x (-0.37) + CA 242 x (-1.21). The sensitivity of DS1 in detecting pancreatic cancer was 36% with a specificity of 90% and an efficiency of 82%. When the combination of CA 50 and TPA was used as a test, the discrimination function (DS2) was: DS2 = CA 50 x 0.69 + TPA x 0.67. The sensitivity of DS2 was 44% with a 88% specificity and an efficiency of 82%. According to this analysis, the further advantage gained by a computer-aided scoring system seems to be limited, since despite the considerably high specificity and efficiency its sensitivity remained low. In the present analysis the best combination in diagnosing pancreatic cancer was the combination of CA 50 and TPA.
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PMID:A prospective study of serum tumour markers carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigens 50 and 242, tissue polypeptide antigen and tissue polypeptide specific antigen in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer with special reference to multivariate diagnostic score. 812 88

We evaluated the clinical utility of a new tumor marker tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. Serum concentrations were determined in 113 patients with jaundice, in 18 patients with laboratory values suggesting cholestasis and in 60 patients with suspicion of chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic tumor. Twenty-four of these 191 patients had pancreatic carcinoma and 2 patients had carcinoma of the papilla of Vater. The highest median serum TPS value was detected in patients with malignant liver disease, but high median values were also measured in patients with pancreatic cancer, bile duct cancer or benign liver disease. The sensitivity of TPS was 50.0%, with a specificity of 73% and an efficiency of 70%. In comparison with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA 50 and CA 242, the TPS test showed lower sensitivity, but the differences in specificity and negative predictive value were considerably smaller. The utility of TPS as a complementary test was also analyzed. When TPS was combined with other marker tests, their specificities clearly improved, being highest in the combination of TPS and CA 242 (92.5%). In this combination, efficiency and positive likelihood ratio were also clearly better (85% and 5.6) than those of the marker tests alone. In conclusion, TPS seems less accurate than CEA, CA 50 or CA 242 in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, but because of its different nature it may be considered to be used as a complementary test.
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PMID:Diagnostic value of tissue polypeptide specific antigen in patients with pancreatic carcinoma. 814 30

The serum values of tumour-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) were measured in a prospective series of 97 patients with jaundice, 36 patients with unjaundiced cholestasis and 21 patients with suspicion of chronic pancreatitis or a pancreatic tumour, to assess its value in diagnosing pancreatic cancer. There were altogether 15 patients with cancer of the pancreas and 2 patients with cancer of the papilla of Vater. The highest serum TATI values were noticed in patients with choledocholithiasis, and raised values were also seen in patients with malignant disease of the liver or bile ducts. In the patients with pancreatic cancer, chronic pancreatitis or benign liver disease, the serum TATI values showed lower levels. The sensitivity of TATI in diagnosing pancreatic cancer was 41.1% with a specificity of 63.5% and an efficiency of 61.0%. In comparison to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigens CA 50, CA 242, tissue polypeptide antigen and tissue polypeptide-specific antigen, TATI showed a lower diagnostic value. When TATI was analysed in combination with the other markers (two tests positive), the combination of CEA with TATI reached the highest specificity (95.6%), efficiency (89.6%) and positive likelihood ratio (9.3). The results suggest that the diagnostic value of TATI is inferior to that of the established markers, but because of its different nature, it may be of help when used in combination as a complementary serum tumour marker in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:Tumour-associated trypsin inhibitor in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. 820 49

The serum values of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) were measured in a prospective series of 100 patients with jaundice, 54 patients with suspicion of chronic pancreatitis or a pancreatic tumour, and 19 patients with unjaundiced cholestasis to assess its value in diagnosing pancreatic cancer. There were altogether 25 patients with a cancer of the pancreas including 2 patients with a cancer of the papilla of Vater. The highest serum TPA values were noticed in patients with pancreatic cancer, but raised values were also seen in patients with malignant or benign liver diseases, and with cholangiocarcinoma. The sensitivity of TPA was 52% with a specificity of 85% and an efficiency of 80%. In comparison to CEA, CA 50 and CA 242, TPA showed lower sensitivity but higher specificity. When TPA was combined with the other markers, the specificity and efficiency improved clearly in all combinations, being highest in that of TPA and CA 242 (specificity 94.5%, efficiency 87.2%). The results suggest that the TPA test has a useful complementary role in the clinical use of the current serum tumour markers in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) in the diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. 826 97

Gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) is known to stimulate pancreatic enzyme and islet hormone secretion. In the present immunohistochemical study, the localization and distribution of GRP-like immunoreactivity were investigated in the human pancreas using two antisera with different specificities. GRP-like immunoreactivity (GRP-LI) was observed in numerous nerve fibers diffusely distributed to the exocrine pancreas, but was not seen in intrapancreatic nerve cells of normal pancreatic specimens examined. Nerve fibers and terminals with GRP-LI were found in abundance around pancreatic acini and capillaries, with moderate density around ductules and in the walls of arterioles, and a few were seen in islets. This distribution pattern was quite similar to that of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-LI nerve fibers. The study, using the antibody elution method, strongly suggests the co-localization of GRP- and VIP-LIs within a part of VIP-containing nerve fibers. In the chronic pancreatitis specimens, neurons with GRP-LI were frequently found, and > 90% of intrapancreatic nerve cells were VIP-immunoreactive. Immunostainings for GRP and for VIP on serial adjacent sections of intrapancreatic ganglia from chronic pancreatitis specimens suggested the co-localization of the two immunoreactivities in > 70% of intrapancreatic neurons. The present findings may provide a morphological basis for neurotransmitter and/or neuromodulator roles of GRP in the human pancreas.
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PMID:Neurons containing gastrin releasing peptide-like immunoreactivity in the human pancreas. 836 58


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