Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149521 (chronic pancreatitis)
 7,199 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The association of chronic pancreatitis with diabetes is not very common. Men are the usual victims and ethylism the usual cause. The most common age of onset is between 40 and 50. Insulin treatment is much more frequent than for idiopathic diabetics. Diabetic heredity is probable. Calcifying pancreatitis is the most frequent form. Micro and macroangiopathic complications are found. A statistical comparative study with a matched series of idiopathic diabetics reveals no difference in the onset of vascular complications. The rate of triglycerides is statistically lower in pancreatitis (p less than 0.001). The other biological rates are the same (cholesterol, uricemy, alpha 2 macroglobulin). Diabetic stability is no more difficult to obtain than for idiopathic diabetics. In most cases the diet should be wide and alcohol must be prohibited.
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PMID:[Diabetes and chronic pancreatitis. Report of twenty cases (author's transl)]. 23 6

The drinking behaviour of 95 consecutive men subjected to medicolegal autopsy in Helsinki was studied by interviewing a relative or friend of the deceased. Sufficient data for estimating the daily alcohol dose were obtained in 61 (64%) of the cases. Of these men, 21 (34%) were reported to drink at least an average of 80 g of alcohol daily. The validity of post-mortem alcohol reports was assessed by comparing the occurrence of alcohol-related diseases, toxicological data as well as the cause and manner of death with the reported alcohol consumption. Men whose reported daily alcohol consumption exceeded 80 g (mean 230 g) differed from men reported to drink less than 10 g (mean 3 g) in their more common incidence of positive post-mortem alcohol test (P less than 0.0005), fatty liver (P less than 0.001), enlarged liver (P less than 0.01), alcoholic hepatitis (P less than 0.05), chronic pancreatitis (P less than 0.01), and in their lower rate of death from cardiovascular diseases (P less than 0.05). The present results indicate that interviews with relatives or friends provide reliable data on the drinking behaviour of the deceased. At autopsy, the most sensitive tests coinciding with high consumption of alcohol in post-mortem alcohol reports but not with each other were positive post-mortem blood alcohol and the occurrence of fatty liver.
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PMID:Validity of post-mortem alcohol reports. 233 92

Class Alpha glutathione S-transferases (GST-Alpha) are found in high concentrations in human liver. Increased plasma concentrations of GSTA1-1, the most abundant isoform of GST-Alpha, are a very sensitive marker for hepatocellular leakage. A sandwich-type ELISA was developed, based on a monoclonal antibody specific for human GSTA1-1 and a polyclonal rabbit anti-human GST-Alpha antiserum. The assay is specific for human GSTA1-1, and has a detection limit of 0.04 micrograms/L. The distribution of plasma GSTA1-1 concentrations in 350 blood donors was nearly normalized by logarithmic transformation and an upper normal reference concentration of 5.9 micrograms/L was calculated. Men had significantly higher plasma GSTA1-1 concentrations than women (P <0.0001). In women, but not in men, a significant increase was noted with age (P <0.05). In patients with inflammatory bowel disease (n= 210), gastrointestinal tumors (n= 70), irritable bowel disease (n= 36), or chronic pancreatitis (n= 12), plasma GSTA1-1 concentrations were similar to those of controls. In contrast, plasma GSTA1-1 concentrations were increased to a similar extent as alanine aminotransferase activities in patients with liver disorders (n= 37).
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PMID:Sandwich ELISA for glutathione S-transferase Alpha 1-1: plasma concentrations in controls and in patients with gastrointestinal disorders. 859 5

The diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis continues to present difficulties. The nonspecific nature of the symptomatology, its low prevalence and the limited value of morphological and functional tests in the early stages are the most common causes of delay in diagnosis. Our aim was to analyze the most significant clinical manifestations and the diagnostic features of chronic pancreatitis, distinguishing between alcoholic and nonalcoholic etiologies. We studied 158 patients, 136 (86.1%) with alcoholic and 22 (13.9%) with nonalcoholic chronic pancreatitis. The initial symptomatology, the age at diagnosis, the delay in diagnosis from the onset of the clinical signs and the type of diagnosis (incidental or suspected) were considered for each patient. Men predominated in both the alcoholic and the nonalcoholic pancreatitis groups (97.8% and 68.2%, respectively). The mean ages at onset and diagnosis were 38 and 50.6 years, respectively, in alcoholic chronic pancreatitis and 44 and 55 years in the nonalcoholic group; the differences between the two parameters were statistically significant. The most common clinical signs in alcoholic chronic pancreatitis were abdominal pain (81.6%) and episodes of acute pancreatitis (64%), while patients with nonalcoholic pancreatitis presented abdominal pain (59%), diarrhea (40.9%) and weight loss (36.4%). The delay in diagnosis from the onset of the clinical manifestations was 5.8 years (6.1 years in alcoholic and 4.3 years in nonalcoholic pancreatitis. The diagnosis was incidental in 34% of cases of alcoholic chronic pancreatitis and in 50% of cases in the nonalcoholic group.
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PMID:Diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis: presenting features and diagnostic delay. 944 41

From the diversity of places of duodenal ulcers, those postbulbars represent particular anatomo-clinical forms, due to the implication of pancreas and liver, accompanying by chronic pancreatitis, relation with papilla, multitude of ulcers and their serious complications (giant ulcers, hemorrhages, penetrations). Our experience is based on 324 patients with PBU which have been operated during 30 years (1970-2000), which represent 7.4% from the total number of duodenal ulcers operated in the same period. Men/women rate is 8/1. Ages between 40-60 years old plead in favor of vascular element (hypoxia) in the determination of lesion of PBU. The medical treatment being usually reflector definitive the absolute surgical indication which needs special tactical and technical approaches, taking into consideration the particularities of duodenum, implication of pancreas, gallbladder and papilla. In the surgical treatment of PBU we used most frequently the operation Pean-Billroth I--128 cases (39%), followed by the conservative operations in association with vagotomy--122 cases (34.5%). We have got good postoperative results in using of the exclusion operations--42 cases (13%) and exclusion resections--Finstere-Plenk--26 cases (8%). Preservation of duodenum in the digestive transit was possible in 89% of cases. General postoperative mortality was 1.5%, in hemorrhages the postoperative mortality was 4.1%.
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PMID:[Post-bulbar ulcer, features of diagnosis, tactics and surgical conduct]. 1273 Dec 47

Ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas has an incidence of approximately 10 per 100,000 population per year. This number pertains to Europe, North America and parts of South America (Argentina). Men are more often afflicted than women (female:male ratio of about 1:1.5, though reports vary). There has been a very small but steady increase in the incidence over the last 50 years. Unfortunately, numbers for incidence and mortality are still practically identical for this cancer. The peak of incidence is between 60 and 80 years of age. In absolute numbers, there are 8,000 cases diagnosed annually in Germany, and 33,000 in the US. Pancreatic cancer at <40 years of age is extremely rare (2 cases per million per year), but among 80-year-olds, the incidence is about 200 new cases per 100,000 population per year. In men, carcinoma of the pancreas is the fourth most common cause of cancer death after lung, prostate and colorectal cancer. In women, it is the fifth most common cause of cancer death. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer include high-fat diet, smoking, chronic pancreatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, hereditary pancreatitis, family history of pancreatic cancer and diabetes mellitus. In chronic pancreatitis, the risk for pancreatic cancer is increased 20-fold, in hereditary pancreatitis it is 60-fold higher than in the general population. In a kindred with 2 first-degree relatives with pancreatic cancer, the risk for pancreatic cancer for other members of that kindred is 7-fold higher.
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PMID:Pancreatic cancer: epidemiology and risk factors. 2081 12

Groove pancreatitis is an uncommon, yet well-described, type of focal chronic pancreatitis, affecting "the groove"-the area between the head of the pancreas, the duodenum, and the common bile duct. Men aged 40 to 50 years are most commonly affected, with a history of alcohol abuse frequently disclosed. Clinical manifestations are similar to other forms of chronic pancreatitis, and vomiting secondary to duodenal stenosis is the main feature. It is postulated that pancreatitis in the groove area arises from obstruction of pancreatic juices in the ductal system, causing fibrosis and stasis with resultant inflammation of surrounding structures. The minor papilla is frequently the anatomic area of preferential involvement. Groove pancreatitis poses diagnostic challenges, forming a "pseudotumor" that mimics pancreatic carcinoma. The distinction is important, although often impossible to make because of their similar presentation, with groove pancreatitis usually affecting younger patients. Most patients are successfully treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy when definitive pathologic diagnoses can be made.
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PMID:Groove pancreatitis: a brief review of a diagnostic challenge. 2572 40