Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149521 (chronic pancreatitis)
 7,199 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of 623 cases of malignant pancreatic tumor seen at University of Chicago hospitals over the last 30 years, 23 cases of malignant islet cell tumor were found (8 additional cases were found in the literature). Calcification, found in 2 of these cases, was characteristically discrete and nodular (calcifications found in chronic pancreatitis are typically diffuse, multiple, and punctuate). At least 7 of the 10 cases of islet cell tumor with calcification were malignant. Slow growth of the tumor, with calcified metastases, strongly suggests the diagnosis of malignancy; this combination of findings has been established in 3 cases. In 73 cases of benign islet cell tumor, no calcifications were found.
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PMID:Pancreatic calcifications in malignant islet cell tumors. 18 51

The practical approach to the investigation of diarrhea must be logical and based on anatomic considerations. The site of the underlying disorder may be determined by the clinical picture, and the logic of investigation will be influenced by the history. Important specific investigation in a case of colonic diarrhea include a careful rectal examination, stool inspection, sigmoidoscopy, rectal biopsy and barium enema study. Colonoscopy has been used, but its role has yet to be defined. In a case of small-bowel steatorrhea or diarrhea quantitative chemical estimation of the daily output of stool fat is useful, and to this investigation is added a small-bowel radiograph series and, if the radiographic findings are abnormal, small-bowel biopsy. Other investigations for small-bowel disease may include the breath test with carbon-14-labelled glycocholic acid, the lactose tolerance test, duodenal aspiration for giardiasis, analysis of serum immunoglobulins and, on occasion, isolation of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide hormone (which may aid the diagnosis of functioning tumours of the pancreas or small bowel). Investigations for pancreatic steatorrhea include abdominal radiography, performance of the secretin test and testing of the response to pancreatic replacement therapy. In some patients it may be useful to use endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography to differentiate pancreatic carcinoma and chronic pancreatitis.
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PMID:Symposium on diarrhea. 3. Investigation of chronic diarrhea. 19 Nov 73

A case of primary hyperparathyroidism and coincidental Cushing's syndrome of hypothalamic-hypophyseal origin is reported. The hyperparathyroidism was based on an adenoma of the parathyroid glands and produced a severe hypercalcaemia (4.5 mmol/l) and calcinosis of kidneys and lungs. The Cushing's syndrome was caused by a hyperplasiogenic ACTH cell-adenoma of the pituitary which had induced a regulative hyperplasia of the ACTH-dependent zones of the adrenal cortex. The ultrastructure of the zona fasciculata and reticularis showed a conspicuous activation of the steroid hormone-producing organelles. The two endocrine diseases added together in skeleton, heart, duodenum, and pancreas. As a sign of hyperparathyroidism the osteoclastic absorption of the bone was strongly increased, whereas the bone formation was reduced due to the hypercortisolism. The pancreas showed a severe acute recurrence of chronic pancreatitis which was induced by a parathyrotoxic crisis. This was the immediate cause of death.
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PMID:[Simultaneous occurrence of primary hyperparathyroidism and pituitary Cushing's syndrome (author's transl)]. 19 Dec 34

Plasma cyclic AMP levels were determined during a 40 minute secretin infusion (1 Cl.U kg-1h-1) followed by a 40 minute combined secretin (1 Cl.U kg-1h-1) caerulein (75 ng kg-1h-1) infusion. In nine healthy subjects, both secretin alone and secretin in combination with caerulein did not affect plasma cyclic AMP levels. The same was observed in six patients with chronic pancreatitis. By contrast, in patients suffering from liver disease (nine cases) or extrahepatic cholestasis (six cases), secretin elicited large increases in plasma cyclic AMP concentration; the mean values attained being, respectively, seven and four times higher than before the infusion. On the other hand, increases in plasma cyclic AMP 10 minutes after a bolus injection of glucagon (1 mg) were four times lower in the liver disease group as compared to the controls. The results reported here suggest that the liver plays a major role in the degradation of plasma cyclic AMP produced by target tissues responding to secretin, and in the release of cyclic AMP under glucagon. Liver disease reduce the capacity of the liver to clear cyclic AMP from the blood. The pancreas does not contribute significantly to the cyclic AMP in the blood.
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PMID:Plasma cyclic AMP levels during a secretin-caerulein pancreatic function test in liver and pancreatic disease. 20 44

Serum Ribonuclease (RNase, EC. 3. 1. 4. 22) of normal persons and of patients with chronic pancreatitis, or pancreatic cancer was determined with poly (C) as substrate. Strikingly abnormal elevations occured in the serum RNase of patients with pancreatic cancer (p less than 0.001). Average serum RNase values of 18 normal persons, 10 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 26 patients with pancreatic cancer were 92, 118, and 249 units, respectively. In patients with pancreatic cancer, we compared the RNase level with four histologic types (ductar cell adenocarcinoma, anaplastic cell carcinoma, acinar cell carcinoma, and islet cell carcinoma). Adenocarcinoma showed higher activity than the other histologic types (p less than 0.005). When we compared the serum of pancreatic cancer and pancreatic cancer tumor extract with normal serum and normal pancreas extract, strikingly different phosphocellulose chromatographic pattern were evident. The correlation of increased serum RNase levels with tumor histology and different chromatographic pattern may explain the new enzyme production in cancer patients, and have biological significance in the development of pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:Serum ribonucleases in pancreatic cancer: relation to tumor histology. 21 87

We studied serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in 82 patients. Thirty-four of these had benign diseases while 48 had malignant diseases. Highest incidence and levels of CEA occurred in the sera of patients with pancreatic cancer and stomach cancer. In this paper we focused our particular attention on the serum CEA of 25 pancreatic cancer patients, and examined differences in serum CEA levels in relation to histologic differentiation and sites of pancreatric cancer. No statistical difference in serum CEA level was found among various histologic types and sites of the pancreatic cancer. Clinical courses of two patients with pancreatic cancer were also studied. Serial determinations of CEA levels are most useful in assessing the effect of operation or chemotherapies and are a useful indicator for differentiating pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis but cannot be a conclusive factor for the diagnosis. Finally, we correlated serum CEA levels with those of RNase and confirmed a positive correlation.
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PMID:Clinical studies on carcinoembryonic antigen in pancreatic cancer. 22 3

The various factors are reviewed which may contribute to the appearance of jaundice in patients with cirrhosis. During the prehepatic phase, hemolysis, spenomegaly and a drop in coagulation factors constitute the main physiopathological mechanisms, whereas intrahepatic cholestasis, alcoholic hepatitis, hepatoma and terminal hepatic insufficiency are the principal mechanisms cited for the hepatic stage. In the posthepatic stage, attention is drawn to the increased frequency of lithiasis in cirrhotic patients and the choledochal lesions seen in chronic pancreatitis.
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PMID:[Icterus and cirrhosis: physiopathology]. 22 39

The authors summarize their own personal experience acquired in the Department of Pr. Mercadier, concerning chronic pancreatitis. They attempt to define the factors influencing the choice of surgical technic, whilst emphasizing the grave nature of this condition, the long term prognosis of which remains severe in 50 per cent of cases.
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PMID:[Therapy of chronic autonomous pancreatitis. Results in 147 cases (author's transl)]. 22 3

The association of chronic pancreatitis with diabetes is not very common. Men are the usual victims and ethylism the usual cause. The most common age of onset is between 40 and 50. Insulin treatment is much more frequent than for idiopathic diabetics. Diabetic heredity is probable. Calcifying pancreatitis is the most frequent form. Micro and macroangiopathic complications are found. A statistical comparative study with a matched series of idiopathic diabetics reveals no difference in the onset of vascular complications. The rate of triglycerides is statistically lower in pancreatitis (p less than 0.001). The other biological rates are the same (cholesterol, uricemy, alpha 2 macroglobulin). Diabetic stability is no more difficult to obtain than for idiopathic diabetics. In most cases the diet should be wide and alcohol must be prohibited.
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PMID:[Diabetes and chronic pancreatitis. Report of twenty cases (author's transl)]. 23 6

In 22 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 16 patients with pancreas neoplasms gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTP) and alanine arylamidase (AAP) in serum were measured and the isoenzymes were determined by gel electrophoresis on Agar. No specific isoenzyme pattern was found for chronic pancreatic diseases in a comparative investigation with a group of 19 patients suffering from hepatobiliary diseases. Two fractions of AAP and GGTP isoenzymes were found on agar gel electrophoresis: alpha-1 and alpha-2 (GGTP between alpha-2 and beta-globulin). The alpha-1 fraction of AAP and GGTP seems to be a specific liver isoenzyme. The slower fraction of both enzymes was also found in chronic pancreatic diseases and cholestatic diseases as in neoplasms of liver, pancreas and biliary tract. Practical importance of the findings is diminished by large variation coefficients of the results. A significantly low ratio of alpha-1 to alpha-2 fraction (or beta-globulin) on electrophoresis of the isoenzymes of AAP and GGTP was found in the group with neoplasm of pancreas (especially neoplasm of the pancreas head) as compared to the group with intrahepatic cholestasis. The possible causes and diagnostic importance of the findings are discussed.
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PMID:[Isoenzymes of alanine arylamidase (AAP, EC 3.4.11.2) and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTP, EC 2.3.2.2) in chronic pancreatitis and pancreas neoplasm (author's transl)]. 23 68


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