Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149520 (acute cholecystitis)
 2,784 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The normal fluid absorption across the gallbladder mucosa is, in experimental cholecystitis, changed to an active net fluid secretion. This fluid secretion, studied in anesthetized cats, is not abolished by extrinsic gallbladder denervation and is unaffected by atropine but is strongly reduced by intraarterial tetrodotoxin or intraluminal administration of lidocaine hydrochloride. Intravenous somatostatin or hexamethonium administration also reduce this secretion. Indomethacin, known to abolish this fluid secretion, did not further reduce it when administered after nerve blocking agents in the present study. These data demonstrate that the prostaglandin-induced gallbladder fluid secretion in experimental cholecystitis is influenced by intramural nerves. It is suggested that gallbladder inflammation is associated with prostaglandin-induced activation of intrinsic nerves which may stimulate the epithelial cells to fluid secretion. In the obstructed gallbladder, this secretion causes gallbladder distension by increasing the intraluminal pressure. This mechanism may have a key role in the pathophysiology of acute cholecystitis.
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PMID:Fluid secretion by gallbladder mucosa in experimental cholecystitis is influenced by intramural nerves. 289 67

Indomethacin was recently shown to have a potent analgesic effect on biliary pain. The underlying mechanism is not fully clear, although reduction of increased gallbladder pressure by inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis had been suggested. For further clarification of this mechanism, the effect of intravenous indomethacin on the intraluminal gallbladder pressure was investigated in patients undergoing operation for acute cholecystitis. After laparotomy, gallbladder pressure was measured continuously during 25 min in 20 patients, 10 of whom received 100 mg indomethacin intravenously, while 10 were untreated controls. High intraluminal gallbladder pressure was found in all patients. Indomethacin reduced the average pressure by 11% in 20 min, whereas the corresponding pressure in the controls was constant. The results indicate that acute cholecystitis is associated with substantially raised intraluminal pressure, and that the analgesic action of indomethacin on biliary pain may be attributable to a local effect on gallbladder function, resulting in reduction of intraluminal pressure.
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PMID:Indomethacin reduces raised intraluminal gallbladder pressure in acute cholecystitis. 389 96

The effects of lysoPC on gallbladder net fluid transport and motility were investigated by a perfusion technique in the anesthetized cat. It was found that addition of 1 mumol/ml lysoPC to the buffer perfusate resulted in an immediate contraction of the gallbladder and also a change in net fluid transport from a basal absorption of 0.71 ml/hr to a secretion of 0.34 ml/hr. An increased output of hexosamine and protein from the gallbladder accompanied the lysoPC treatment. Indomethacin--a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor--at a dose of 2 mg/kg caused a relaxation of the gallbladder and abolished the secretion but did not return the gallbladder to its original rate of basal absorption. LysoPC, when added to bile, had a similar effect on net fluid transport but did not induce a contraction of the gallbladder. The results indicate that the effect of lysoPC on gallbladder function could be of importance in acute cholecystitis and that endogenous prostaglandin synthesis may play a part in this lysoPC-induced inflammatory response.
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PMID:The effect of lysophosphatidylcholine on gallbladder function in the cat. 683 40