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Query: UMLS:C0149520 (acute cholecystitis)
 2,784 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The use of videolaparoscopic methods for the treatment of penetrating stomach and duodenal ulcers, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, acute appendicitis, intestinal obstruction, acute gynecological diseases and abdominal trauma is analyzed. Laparoscopic methods at urgent abdominal surgery improves the quality of diagnosis and treatment, decrease the rate of postoperative complications and lethality, reduce the hospital stay.
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PMID:[Laparoscopic interventions in emergency abdominal surgery]. 2378 14

The analysis of emergency surgical care in medical institution of Moscow for the last 20 years is presented in the article. There were 912 156 patients with acute appendicitis, strangulated hernia, perforated gastro-duodenal ulcer, gastro-duodenal bleeding, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, acute intestinal obstruction on treatment during this period. It was observed reduction overall and postoperative mortality. It was concluded that positive results are caused by development of material and technical base, transition on clock mode of diagnostic units, increase of patients? number hospitalized in department of intensive care for operation training and after it, using of modern diagnostic and therapeutic methods, edit documents regulating of health facilities activity according to medicine development.
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PMID:[20 years emergency surgery of abdominal organs in Moscow]. 2487 18

A study was conducted on 100 cases of Acute abdomen admitted in surgery department of Govt Medical college and Rajendra Hospital, Patiala, India. Study group included patients with different abdominal emergencies, e.g. gastrointestinal perforation, intestinal obstruction, acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis etc. Out of these, three cases were positive for HBsAg alone, one for anti Hepatitis C-Virus (HCV) alone and one was positive for both HBsAg and anti HCV.
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PMID:HBV & HCV - awareness in acute abdomen emergency cases. 2512 Oct 30

For many reasons, laparoscopic surgery has been performed worldwide. Due to logistical constraints its first steps occurred in Lubumbashi only in 2008. The aim of this presentation was to report authors' ten-month experience of laparoscopic surgery at Lubumbashi Don Bosco Missionary Hospital (LDBMH): problems encountered and preliminary results. The study was a transsectional descriptive work with a convenient sampling. It only took in account patients with abdominal surgical condition who consented to undergo laparoscopic surgery and when logistical constraints of the procedure were found. Independent variables were patients' demographic parameters, staff, equipments and consumable. Dependent parameters included surgical abdominal diseases, intra-operative circumstances and postoperative short term mortality and morbidity. Between 1(st)April 2009 and 28(th) February 2010, 75 patients underwent laparoscopic surgery at the LDBMH making 1.5% of all abdominal surgical activities performed at this institution. The most performed procedure was appendicectomy for acute appendicitis (64%) followed by exploratory laparoscopy for various abdominal chronic pain (9.3%), adhesiolysis for repeated periods of subacute intestinal obstruction in previously laparotomised patients (9.3%), laparoscopic cholecystectomy for post acute cholecystitis on gall stone (5.3%) and partial colectomy for symptomatic redundant sigmoid colon (2.7%). There were 4% of conversion to laparotomy. Laparoscopic surgery consumed more time than laparotomy, mostly when dealing with appendicitis. However, postoperatively, patients did quite well. There was no death in this series. Nursing care was minimal with early discharge. These results are encouraging to pursue laparoscopic surgery with DRC Government and NGO's supports.
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PMID:First steps of laparoscopic surgery in Lubumbashi: problems encountered and preliminary results. 2644 5

"Acute abdomen" includes spectrum of medical and surgical conditions ranging from a less severe to life-threatening conditions in a patient presenting with severe abdominal pain that develops over a period of hours. Accurate and rapid diagnosis of these conditions helps in reducing related complications. Clinical assessment is often difficult due to availability of over-the-counter analgesics, leading to less specific physical findings. The key clinical decision is to determine whether surgical intervention is required. Laboratory and conventional radiographic findings are often non-specific. Thus, cross-sectional imaging plays a pivotal role for helping direct management of acute abdomen. Computed tomography is the primary imaging modality used for these cases due to fast image acquisition, although US is more specific for conditions such as acute cholecystitis. Magnetic resonance imaging or ultrasound is very helpful in patients who are particularly sensitive to radiation exposure, such as pregnant women and pediatric patients. In addition, MRI is an excellent problem-solving modality in certain conditions such as assessment for choledocholithiasis in patients with right upper quadrant pain. In this review, we discuss a multimodality approach for the usual causes of non-traumatic acute abdomen including acute appendicitis, diverticulitis, cholecystitis, and small bowel obstruction. A brief review of other relatively less frequent but important causes of acute abdomen, such as perforated viscus and bowel ischemia, is also included.
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PMID:Multimodality approach for imaging of non-traumatic acute abdominal emergencies. 2683 Jun 20

Point-of-care abdominal ultrasound (US), which is performed by clinicians at bedside, is increasingly being used to evaluate clinical manifestations, to facilitate accurate diagnoses, and to assist procedures in emergency and critical care. Methods for the assessment of acute abdominal pain with point-of-care US must be developed according to accumulated evidence in each abdominal region. To detect hemoperitoneum, the methodology of a focused assessment with sonography for a trauma examination may also be an option in non-trauma patients. For the assessment of systemic hypoperfusion and renal dysfunction, point-of-care renal Doppler US may be an option. Utilization of point-of-care US is also considered in order to detect abdominal and pelvic lesions. It is particularly useful for the detection of gallstones and the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Point-of-case US is justified as the initial imaging modality for the diagnosis of ureterolithiasis and the assessment of pyelonephritis. It can be used with great accuracy to detect the presence of abdominal aortic aneurysm in symptomatic patients. It may also be useful for the diagnoses of digestive tract diseases such as appendicitis, small bowel obstruction, and gastrointestinal perforation. Additionally, point-of-care US can be a modality for assisting procedures. Paracentesis under US guidance has been shown to improve patient care. US appears to be a potential modality to verify the placement of the gastric tube. The estimation of the amount of urine with bladder US can lead to an increased success rate in small children. US-guided catheterization with transrectal pressure appears to be useful in some male patients in whom standard urethral catheterization is difficult. Although a greater accumulation of evidences is needed in some fields, point-of-care abdominal US is a promising modality to improve patient care in emergency and critical care settings.
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PMID:Overview of point-of-care abdominal ultrasound in emergency and critical care. 2752 29

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis and cholelithiasis is one of the most common operations performed in the United States. Inadvertent perforation and spillage of gallbladder contents are not uncommon. The potential impact of subsequent retained gallstones is understated. We present the case of an intraperitoneal gallstone retained from a previous cholecystectomy eroding into the bowel and leading to intraluminal mechanical bowel obstruction requiring operative intervention. This case illustrates the potential risks of retained gallstones and reinforces the need to diligently collect any dropped stones at the time of initial operation.
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PMID:Intraluminal Bowel Erosion: A Rare Complication of Retained Gallstones after Cholecystectomy. 2770 33

A parastomal hernia is the abnormal protrusion of intra-abdominal tissue and organs through a defect in the abdominal wall around an ostomy. Commonly, they involve intra-abdominal fat, omentum or bowel. However, there are rare cases that involve other organs. We present the case of an 89-year-old gentleman with a gallbladder in his parastomal hernia. Due to his acute cholecystitis, the distended gallbladder compressed adjacent bowel loops in the parastomal hernia, resulting in a mechanical bowel obstruction. The patient was treated with antibiotics and a nasogastric tube. As his cholecystitis resolved his ostomy function returned.
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PMID:Acute cholecystitis in a parastomal hernia causing a small bowel obstruction. 2942 57

Acute surgical abdomen is commonly encountered in the ED and CT is widely used as an informative diagnostic tool to evaluate potential surgical indications. However, the adverse effects of contrast material used in CT scanning have been documented. We sought to delineate the role of noncontrast CT in the evaluation of patients with acute surgical abdomen. Between August 2015 and December 2015, patients with nontraumatic surgical abdomen who underwent preoperative CT were enrolled in the current study. The patients for whom the CT results permitted surgical decision-making were the focus of this study. The disease entities included acute appendicitis, acute cholecystitis, hollow organ perforation, mechanical bowel obstruction, intra-abdominal abscess that could not be drained percutaneously, and ischemic bowel disease. The results of contrast-enhanced and noncontrast CT were compared and analyzed. The surgical conditions identifiable by noncontrast CT were recorded. In total, 227 patients were enrolled in the study. In 90.7 per cent of patients overall, the findings indicating the need for surgical treatment were visualized on both the noncontrast and contrast-enhanced images (acute appendicitis: 89.3%, acute cholecystitis: 89.7%, hollow organ perforation: 97.4%, bowel obstruction: 100%, intra-abdominal abscess: 100%, and ischemic bowel disease: 55.6%). Noncontrast CT provides benefit for critical decision-making. Body mass index may affect the accuracy of noncontrast imaging in the evaluation of patients with surgical abdomen. In some specific situations, contrast enhancement remains necessary.
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PMID:The Role of Noncontrast CT in the Evaluation of Surgical Abdomen Patients. 2998 41

The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency and cause of preventable and potentially preventable complications on an emergency nontrauma surgical service. The study is a retrospective review conducted at an academic teaching hospital. All patients were assessed (January 2010-June 2012) for emergency general surgical conditions, excluding trauma. The main outcome measures were preventable and potentially preventable complications and deaths, treatments, loop closure mechanisms, and impact on outcomes. The results showed that of 9078 nontrauma emergency surgical admissions and consultations, 194 patients (2.1%) had 261 complications. One hundred and ten (42.1% of total complications) were preventable. The most common causes of preventable complications were delay in management or diagnosis (n = 45, 41% of all preventable complications), technical/iatrogenic (n = 28, 25%), and infectious (n = 18, 16%). The most common nonpreventable complication was infectious (n = 84, 82% of all complications). The most common diagnoses associated with preventable complications were acute cholecystitis (n = 27, 25%), acute appendicitis (n = 25, 23%), and small bowel obstruction (n = 7, 6%). Preventable complications changed management in 80 per cent of cases. Of three (0.01%) mortalities, two were preventable. The mortality rate in emergency nontrauma surgery is low. A significant burden of complications remains. A large proportion are preventable or potentially preventable, with many changing management. These preventable errors are important targets for quality improvement efforts as the specialty of acute care surgery evolves.
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PMID:Preventable Complications and Deaths after Emergency Nontrauma Surgery. 3026 69


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