Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 168 azoospermic males with normal or only slightly raised serum FSH levels, serum antisperm antibodies were measured, and the site of obstruction or the nature of the failure of spermatogenesis was defined by exploratory scrototomy with inspection of epididymes, vasography and testicular biopsy. When possible, surgical reconstruction was done by side-to-side epididymovasostomy, with vasovasostomy when necessary using 6/0 Prolene and no splints. Acquired blocks of cauda epididymis (34 cases) and vas (23 cases) were significantly more commonly associated with serum antisperm antibodies than congenital bilateral absence of vasa (29 cases) or blocks at the caput epididymis (48 cases), most of which were associated with sinusitis, bronchitis or bronchiectasis (Young's syndrome). Many of the former patients came from abroad, whereas most of the latter came from the British Isles. Sperm counts of 10 million per ml or more were produced by 23 (45%) of 51 adequately followed up patients with acquired blocks following surgical reconstruction, and 11 pregnancies (21.5%) were produced. Amongst those with spermatozoa in the ejaculate after surgery, serum antisperm antibodies were found significantly less often in those whose wives became pregnant compared with those who failed to produce pregnancies. It is concluded that failure of surgical treatment in some of these cases may have an immunological basis. No success was achieved with other groups.
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PMID:Exploratory scrototomy in 168 azoospermic males. 665 53

The authors report on a study of women taking oral contraceptives (OCs) to examine the effect of coadministration of the antibiotic ampicillin and to study the mechanism of interaction seen. 7 women between the ages of 19-27 were studied; all were on long-term OC therapy (5 with Eugynon 30, 1 with Ovranette, and 1 with Minovlar). 500 mg 3 times daily for 8 days was prescribed when 4 patients presented with cystitis and 3 patients with acute bronchitis. 6 volunteers between ages 21-24 who had been on long-term OC therapy for at least 3 months (5 with Eugynon 30 and 1 with Ovran) were studied. An identical dose regimen was provided for this group as well. Blood samples were centrifuged for 10 minutes at 2000 rev/minute. Plasma concentrations of ethinyl estradiol (EE), progesterone, FSH, and Ng were measured. Ampicillin concentrations in plasma were measured by a standard microbiological cup plate assay. No subjects displayed any side effects nor was there any evidence of disturbance in cycle control. Among the patients, the mean EE concentration was 46.4 +or- 15.2 pg/ml during ampicillin therapy and 60.2 +or- 4.8 pg/ml after ampicillin, a difference which is not statistically significant. Plasma levonorgestrel concentration was 2.0 +or- 0.3 ng/ml during ampicillin treatment and 2.05 +or- 0.4 ng/ml after (P0.05). FSH concentration during ampicillin was 2.1 +or- 0.3 mIU/ml and 2.05 +or- 0.5 mIU/ml (P0.05) after. Plasma progesterone concentrations did not exceed 200 pg/ml. Ampicillin concentration was not detectable in 4 of the patients. Among the volunteers, the mean plasma EE concentration was 31.4 +or- 5.0 pg/ml before ampicillin while it was 28.2 +or- 2.8 pg/ml during ampicillin therapy. Mean plasma levonorgestrel was 2.13 +or- 0.63 ng/ml before ampicillin and 2.00 +or- 0.59 ng/ml during ampicillin treatment. FSH concentration before ampicillin treatment was 1.12 +or- 0.23 mIU/ml while during ampicillin treatment, the figure was 0.93 +or- 0.27 mIU/ml. In this study, ampicillin had no significant effect on plasma concentrations of EE and levonorgestrel in women taking OCs. 2 recent studies have shown that ampicillin does not significantly interfere with OC therapy. It did not lower plasma OC concentrations and based on this, women taking OCs do not require alternative contraceptive precautions when taking ampicillin.
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PMID:The effects of ampicillin on oral contraceptive steroids in women. 680 25

Thirty azoospermic patients with normal testes and normal serum FSH levels had scrotal exploration with photographic record of the appearance of the epididymes and vasography; bilateral epididymovasostomies were done is possible, with vasovasostomies if they were coexisting vasal blocks. Follow-up studies showed no success when the epididymes were empty (Type 1), when the vasa were absent or malformed (Type 2), or when tubular dilatation was confined to the heads of the epididymes; all of the latter cases had coexisting sinusitis, bronchitis or bronchiectasis (Type 4--Young's syndrome). Five patients with post-inflammatory disease had epididymes distended down to their tails (Type 3), and 3 also had vasal blocks. Three achieved sperm counts greater than 10 million per ml and impregnated their wives. Ten of 16 vasectomy reversals done by a similar side-to-side technique were successful. A simple classification of obstructive azoospermia is described and it is concluded that in about 50% of cases the underlying cause of failure in sperm transport remains obscure.
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PMID:The long-term results of surgery for obstructive azoospermia. 731 60