Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have studied the sputum/serum protein concentration ratios from 23 patients with bronchitis both in the stable clinical state and during acute chest infections. During the stable state there was a significant negative correlation (2 P less than 0.005) between the ratio and protein size. The ratios of IgG, IgA, C3, and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin were significantly displaced from this relation suggesting local production in the lung. IgM was found in all samples and alpha 2-macroglobulin in 55% of non-infected samples which may be the result of local production rather than transudation from serum, because of their larger size. During acute chest infections the albumin content of sputum rose from a mean sputum/serum ratio of 0.83 (SE +/- 0.08) X 10(-2) to 13.77 (SE +/- 3.21 X 10(-2) suggesting increased transudation from the blood. In the presence of increased transudation, local production of protein appears to be less significant.
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PMID:A study of plasma proteins in the sol phase of sputum from patients with chronic bronchitis. 54 18

The variability of sputum sol phase proteins was studied in 27 patients with stable chronic obstructive bronchitis. Within individual patients (n 1/2 11), variability over 5 consecutive days was similar for each of 4 proteins studied: average coefficient of variation (CV) for albumin was 39.8% for alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT), 32.1%, for alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (alpha 1ACh), 26.6%, and for immunoglobulin A (IgA), 35.1%. The calculation of sputum-to-serum ratios did not affect this variability. Between patients (all patients studied on a single day) the variability of sputum sol phase proteins was greater (CV: albumin 1/2 84.5%, alpha 1AT 1/2 90.1%, alpha 1ACh 1/2 58.3%, and IgA 1/2 71.6%) and was also unaffected by the use of sputum-to-serum concentration ratios. "Standardization" for albumin reduced the average within-patient variability for sputum alpha 1AT (CV from 32.1 to 19.7%) but it had no effect on alpha 1ACh and IgA. However, although between-patient CV for sputum alpha 1AT was also reduced (from 90.1 to 53.4%, 2 p less than 0.01) it significantly increased for alpha 1ACh (from 58.3 to 86.0%, 2 p less than 0.05) and IgA (71.6 to 170.1%, 2 p less than 0.001), suggesting that such standardization may be inappropriate for these proteins.
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PMID:Variability in sputum sol phase proteins in chronic obstructive bronchitis. The value of using albumin for standardization. 660 83

alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin is a proteolytic enzyme inhibitor believed to be important for protecting tissues from proteolytic damage. Concentrations in the bronchial secretions might therefore be important in relation to the infective process. We studied the protein quantitatively and qualitatively in sputum from patients with bronchitis. In noninfected sputum the concentration of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin relative to protein albumin was 6.48 times higher than that in the serum, suggesting that local mechanisms exist to concentrate or produce this protein. In the presence of acute infections, increased protein transudation from the serum occurred. Although the absolute concentration of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin increased in the sputum, its concentration relative to albumin decreased to 2.09 times that in the serum. Two-dimensional electrophoretic studies of sputum alpha 1-antichymotrypsin showed varying proportions present as "complex," even in the noninfected samples. The electrophoretic mobility of the uncomplexed alpha 1-antichymotrypsin was generally the same as that of serum alpha 1-antichymotrypsin.
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PMID:Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in infected and noninfected sputum. 689 62

Corticosteroids caused a reduction in the ratio of sol-phase sputum concentration to serum concentration of albumin in 12 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis, suggesting a reduction in protein transudation. Alpha-1-antitrypsin values followed the same pattern as those of albumin in both the control and treatment periods, confirming the similar behaviour of the two proteins. The alpha 1-antichymotrypsin ratios were on average three times higher than those of albumin in the control period, confirming the presence of local mechanisms in the lung for preferentially concentrating this protein. The sputum-to-serum ratio of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, however, rose during steroid treatment with the result that there was a selective increase in this protease inhibitor, which may be of potential benefit to such patients.
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PMID:Effect of corticosteroids on sputum sol-phase protease inhibitors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 698 37