Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Roxithromycin is a new macrolide antibiotic with good absorption and a longer half-life than erythromycin. Worldwide clinical studies to evaluate its efficacy and safety in the treatment of infections of the lower respiratory tract have achieved a clinical success rate of 89% with few and mild side effects. Double-blind studies comparing roxithromycin with cephradine, erythromycin ethylsuccinate and doxycycline in pneumonia, acute exacerbations of bronchitis in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease, and acute bronchitis have been done. The clinical response to comparative regimens has been similar and ranges from 60% response with either regimen in patients with chronic airways disease to 90% response in patients with acute bronchitis or pneumonia. Roxithromycin appears to be as effective as erythromycin or doxycycline for the treatment of either Streptococcus pneumoniae or Haemophilus influenzae infections. A large double-blind trial comparing cephradine and roxithromycin in 90 cases of bacteriologically confirmed pneumococcal pneumonia in South African gold miners resulted in a 93% and 100% respective clinical response rate. The bacteriological results revealed interesting results in this same study, in that cultures from 17% of patients receiving roxithromycin and 23% of those receiving cephradine remained positive for S. pneumoniae after therapy was finished and an excellent clinical response had been obtained. Side effects in all studies have been transient and mild, with an elevated transaminase value being the most common in both roxithromycin and erythromycin or cephradine regimens. Roxithromycin appears to be a safe and effective oral antibiotic for the treatment of pneumococcal pneumonia and other infections of the lower respiratory tract, and is as effective as erythromycin, doxycycline or cephradine.
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PMID:Roxithromycin, a new macrolide antibiotic, in the treatment of infections in the lower respiratory tract: an overview. 332 66

An open non-comparative clinical study to determine the efficacy and tolerance of Roxithromycin 150 mg twice daily was carried out amongst Nigerian patients with acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections. Twenty-four (24) patients (mean age 21.6 years, male 13; females 11 who completed the study presented with acute tonsillitis (33.3%, acute bronchitis (12.5%), lober pneumonia (12.5%), Otitis media (8%), acute pharyngitis (4%) and acute sinusitis (4%). Most of the patients had normal bacterial flora isolated (50.3%). Pathogens isolated included streptococcus pyogenes (21%), moraxella catarhalis (8.3%), streptococcus pneumonia (8.3%) and Klebsiella pneumonia (4%). The quick clinical response, lack of major adverse drug reactions and susceptibility of the bacterial isolates to Roxithromycin were very significant attributes of the drug. In addition, there was complete recovery in 95.8% of the patients. Roxithromycin is therefore a well tolerated and effective drug for the treatment of acute respiratory tract infections in Nigerian patients.
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PMID:Open clinical trial of roxithromycin amongst patients of Jos University Teaching Hospital with lower and upper respiratory tract infections. 851 97

Roxithromycin, a new introduction into the macrolide class of antibiotics possesses favourable pharmacokinetic properties enabling a once daily dosing. This study evaluates its efficacy, safety and tolerability, previously demonstrated in Europe and North America, in Nigeria patients suffering from lower respiratory tract infections. 32 patients, aged 18-65 years with acute bronchitis/acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and pneumonia were administered roxithromycin 300 mg once daily. 25 patients (12 males, 13 females: aged 39.2 +/- 2.7 years) were evaluable for clinical efficacy at the end of the study. The mean duration of treatment was 6.9 +/- 0.5 days. 22 patients (88.0%) responded to therapy. Sputum culture was positive in 5 patients (20.0%): Streptococcus pneumonia and resistant Klebsiella pneumonia. Therapy was discontinued in 3 patients due to non-response. The two patients in whom Klebsiella were isolated did not show any significant clinical improvement. The third non responding patient developed empyema. Gram negative bacilli were identified in the pleural aspirate but no patients with resistant Streptococcus pneumonia improved clinically. Adverse effects were mild, transient and included nausea (4) and diarrhoea (1). The study suggests that roxithromycin is an effective and well tolerated antibacterial in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infection.
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PMID:An open evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the new macrolide roxithromycin in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections and pneumonia in Nigerian patients. 885 75