Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two treatments, pivmecillinam 200 mg plus pivampicillin 250 mg (Miraxid) given twice-daily and amoxycillin 250 mg plus clavulanic acid 125 mg (Augmentin) given three times daily were compared in two parallel groups of 388 general practice patients with acute bronchitis or acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. Patients with acute bronchitis (140 on Miraxid, 144 on Augmentin) received a 7-day course of treatment and those with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (55 on Miraxid, 49 on Augmentin) a 10-day course of treatment. Both treatments were equally effective, with 99 (71%) patients with acute bronchitis being successfully treated with Miraxid and 107 (74%) with Augmentin. In acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, Miraxid was successful in 29 (53%) patients and Augmentin in 24 (49%) patients. Side-effects were reported by 26 (12%) of patients in both treatment groups. This single blind multicentre general practice study comparing twice-daily Miraxid with 3 times daily Augmentin demonstrated that both treatments were equally effective clinically and equally well tolerated.
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PMID:A comparative study of Miraxid (pivmecillinam plus pivampicillin) and Augmentin (amoxycillin plus clavulanic acid) in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections in general practice. 353 74

The efficacy and safety of a 3-day regimen of azithromycin prescribed in the new tablet form and of a 10-day regimen of amoxycillin clavulanic acid (co-amoxiclav, Augmentin) were compared in patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections. Of the 144 enrolled patients, 123 had a Type 1 acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB), three patients had pneumonia, and 18 had purulent bronchitis. Treatment was successful, defined as cure or major improvement on day 14, in 59/62 (95%) patients in the azithromycin treatment group compared with 54/61 (90%) patients in the co-amoxiclav. At 30 days, the incidence of success was 77% (48/62) in the azithromycin treated group, compared with 66% (40/61) of co-amoxiclav-treated patients. At 60 days, incidences were 66% (41/62) and 59% (36/61), respectively. Several pathogens were isolated: Haemophilus influenzae in 21 patients (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range for azithromycin 0.12-4 mg/l; co-amoxiclav 0.25-4 mg/l); Streptococcus pneumoniae in nine (MIC azithromycin < or = 0.06 > or = 256 mg/l; co-amoxiclav < or = 0.06-1 mg/l); and Moraxella catarrhalis in 11 (MIC azithromycin < or =0.06-2 mg/l; co-amoxiclav < or = 0.06-0.5 mg/l). Microbiological response rates were comparable. A significant correlation between clinical and microbiological cure was found (p = 0.02, power 0.6). In 15 (10%) patients, positive serology for viruses or atypical pathogens was found. In the co-amoxiclav-treatment group, 24 patients had mild adverse events (12 diarrhoea), compared with 27 treated with azithromycin (p = 0.47). It is concluded that a 3-day regimen of azithromycin prescribed as tablets is as clinically and microbiologically effective as a 10-day regimen of co-amoxiclav in the treatment of acute lower respiratory tract infections. Moreover, since the percentage of viral infections was low and a significant correlation between microbiological and clinical cure was found, this study shows that clinical symptoms can be used to establish which patients with AECB (Type 1) should be treated with antimicrobial agents.
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PMID:A short (3-day) course of azithromycin tablets versus a 10-day course of amoxycillin-clavulanic acid (co-amoxiclav) in the treatment of adults with lower respiratory tract infections and effects on long-term outcome. 955 9

By the 1960s and 1970s, problems in the antibacterial treatment of infections had begun to emerge. Previously active antibacterials were being compromised by the development of resistance. Beta-lactamase production was identified in isolates of staphylococci, and, amongst others, in Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. The discovery of the potent beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid, and its protective effect on amoxicillin, a semi-synthetic penicillin with good oral absorption and potent broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, was thus of great importance in the treatment of bacterial disease. Following preliminary clinical studies in bronchitis and urinary tract infections, amoxicillin/clavulanate therapy was investigated in a wide range of infections and proved to demonstrate a high level of clinical efficacy. These results supported the launch of amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin) in 1981 for use in upper and lower respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections and obstetric, gynaecological and intra-abdominal infections.
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PMID:The clinical development and launch of amoxicillin/clavulanate for the treatment of a range of community-acquired infections. 1799 83

We report the case of a five-year-old girl with plastic bronchitis after repaired complex congenital heart disease, who became asymptomatic after a short course of Augmentin. We report the disease regression as response either to antibiotic or as coincidental with spontaneous resolution.
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PMID:Spontaneous resolution of plastic bronchitis in a patient post hemi-Mustard/bidirectional Glenn atrial switch procedure in the double-switch operation for congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries after course of Augmentin. 2554 22