Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hoarseness, asthma, and bronchitis are common but sometimes obscure manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux, the etiology of when respiratory symptoms predominate. In 300 consecutive patients who underwent surgical correction for gastroesophageal reflux, 129 (43%) had major respiratory complaints. Group 1 patients (82, 64%) were those referred for respiratory problems alone. In Group 2 (patients referred because of peptic complaints), 47 had associated respiratory problems in various combinations, including an additional 10 patients who had bronchiectasis. Treatment with appropriate surgical resection, in addition to antireflux procedures, was carried out in these people. Noticeable relief of respiratory symptoms was obtained in 96 (74%) of the 129 patients; 30 were improved and 2 were unchanged. Recurrent hiatus hernia or esophagitis was documented in 21 (7%) of the 300 patients.
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PMID:Hiatus hernia and the respiratory tract. 92 77

Infections caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae were first described in 1985. The infection can cause common cold, sore throat, hoarseness, cough, headache, fatigue and sometimes influenza-like illness. Examination can indicate serous otitis media, sinusitis, laryngitis, bronchitis and pneumonia. The course can be long and relapsing. The recommended drugs for treatment are tetracycline or erythromycin for at least two weeks. Five verified cases are described in the article, four of them with symptoms from the upper respiratory tract only. It is concluded that Chlamydia pneumoniae is a not unusual cause of upper airway diseases. Up to now the diagnosis can best be verified by micro immunofluorescence. The authors call for a rapid and reliable test for use in physician's office. It is proposed that infections caused by Chlamydia pneumoniae be termed TWAR.
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PMID:[TWAR infection is a common diagnosis in outpatient clinics]. 157 35

Ectodermal dysplasia is a rare group of diseases presenting special problems in management for the otolaryngologist, but the full spectrum of otorhinolaryngologic manifestations has been previously unrecognized in the otolaryngologic literature. The anhidrotic form, characterized by deficient sweating, sparse hair growth and deficient teeth, with associated decreased mucous production in the aerodigestive tract leads to chronic upper respiratory tract infections, otitis, dysphagia, hoarseness, bronchitis and sometimes hemoptysis.
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PMID:Ectodermal dysplasia: the otolaryngologic manifestations and management. 221 Sep 53

Hoarseness is a symptom that is constantly encountered by doctors in primary care. It is the leading symptom in acute laryngitis and is often present as one of the symptoms in, for example, respiratory tract infections, influenza, and bronchitis. For the general practitioner, the infection factor as the cause of hoarseness is so dominant that other possible causes may fail to be taken into consideration. The general practitioner's possibilities for diagnosing the cause of this symptom are largely determined by habit, and by his ability to observe and assess the vocal chords. Examination of the vocal chords is often technically difficult, and patients in whom inspection presents difficulties should be remitted to an ear specialist. Hoarse smokers constitute a special group at risk, and these patients should be remitted for further examinations, if the general practitioner finds it hard to make a complete inspection of the chords. The article also describes an investigation on how hoarseness is handled at a health centre.
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PMID:[Hoarseness from the viewpoint of primary care]. 682 67

The incidence of antibody and the clinical features of Chlamydia pneumoniae (C.pneumoniae) infection have not been studied in children in Japan. We investigated the incidence of C.pneumoniae antibody in sera from 580 healthy children (including 30 umbilical cord blood samples) during the 2-year period between June 1992 and June 1994. The antibody titer was determined by a microimmunofluorescence (MIF) test by using the elementary body of C.pneumoniae TW-183 as the antigen. Umbilical cord blood samples were positive for the antibody in 50% of newborns tested at birth. The incidence of positivity decreased to 0% in 1-year-old children. It was still low in children up to 5 years of age and then increased rapidly in children 6 years of age or older. The positivity reached increased rapidly in children 6 years of age or older. The positivity reached 55% in 7-year-old children and remained at this level in children older than 7 years of age. High antibody titer (IgG > or = 512), indicating recent infection, was observed in 13 (2.2%) of the 580 children, two of whom showed no symptoms. We detected the pathogen in throat swabs by culture and capillary polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and determined IgM and IgG serum titers to C.pneumoniae in 130 children with lower respiratory tract infection (91 with pneumonia and 39 with bronchitis) between December 1993 and December 1994. The infection due to C.pneumoniae was confirmed in 10 (7.7%). Of these, 7 were boys and 3 were girls, ranging in age from 9 months to 12 years. The clinical manifestations of the infection were mild symptoms like in common cold; post-nasal discharge, hoarseness and prolonged cough were relatively characteristic. There was no significant difference in the incidence of serum positivity between the healthy children group and the patients group. The present study suggests that primary-schoolers show antibodies for C.pneumoniae with nearly the same frequency as adults. Mild clinical symptoms are very common in C.pneumoniae infections in children as in adults.
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PMID:Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in children with lower respiratory tract infections. 756 62

The aim of this study was to analyse the prevalence of mouldy homes and their association with respiratory symptoms and diseases in a subarctic climate. A questionnaire was mailed to a random sample of 2,000 males and females, aged 25-64 yrs, living in the county of Kuopio, Finland. A total of 1,521 (76%) responded and 1,460 were selected for the final analysis. The prevalence of homes with visible mould was 4%; with the odour of mould 5%; with damp spots, visible mould or the odour of mould 15%; and with moisture/ water damage, damp spots, visible mould or the odour of mould 23%. The number of reports of bronchitis, common cold, atopy, allergic rhinitis, rhinitis, fever and chills, hoarseness, fatigue, difficulties in concentration, lumbar backache and stomach ache were strongly associated with living in a damp home. Bronchitis, hoarseness and difficulties in concentration had the strongest associations, with adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence limits) of: 2.04 (1.49-2.78), 2.23 (1.37-3.63) and 2.17 (1.35-3.50), respectively. After controlling for a possible reporting bias by excluding those subjects reporting lumbar backache and recurrent stomach pain, eye irritation and tiredness remained significant. In conclusion, living in a home with mould problems may increase the risk of respiratory infections and symptoms in adults.
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PMID:Home dampness, moulds and their influence on respiratory infections and symptoms in adults in Finland. 898 Sep 78

Lung cancer is the most common malignant cancer in males and it's incidence is rapidly rising in females. Factors linked to this are associated with cigarette smoking, urbanization along with atmospheric pollution. The lack of success in the treatment of lung cancer has to do with in many cases late diagnosis at the stage when surgical treatment is not possible and radio and chemotherapy being of minimal effectiveness. The WHO has proposed the following classification of lung cancer: 1. Squamous cell carcinoma; 2. Small cell carcinoma; 3. Adenocarcinoma; 4. Giant cell carcinoma; 5. Adeno-squamous cell carcinoma 6. Carcinoid. 7. Carcinoma of mucous gland. 8. Others. Early physical signs of lung cancer are: cough (50-80% of patients), dyspnea (10-15%), chest pain (15-20%), hemoptysis (20-50%), recurrent pneumonia and bronchitis (30-50%). More serious clinical signs associated with growth of the neoplasm are hoarseness, pleural effusion, vena cava superior syndrome, and Pancoast's syndrome. The growing neoplasm secrets many biochemical substances, which are them activity passed on the bloodstream or make their way into the blood as a result of degeneration of the tumor. These substances may then be detected in the patient's plasma and act as markers of malignant disease. The characteristics of these markers is varied, e.g.: hormones, enzymes and tissue antigens. Methods used in the diagnosis of lung-cancer which should be stressed, are apart from the obvious physical examination are chest x-rays, ultrasound, CAT scans, nuclear magnetic resonance, PET scans, and scintigraphy. Fine needle aspiration in changes in the peripheral regions, cytology of sputum, bronchial lavage, cytogenetic analysis. This underlines the need for prophylaxis, particularly the cessation of cigarette smoking.
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PMID:[Current capabilities and procedures for diagnosing lung neoplasms]. 919 23

Gastroesophageal reflux disease can result in such supraesophageal complications as hoarseness, sore throat, cough, bronchitis, asthma, recurrent pneumonia, intermittent choking, chest pain, and ear pain. Appropriate patient care involves careful evaluation to decide on medical or surgical therapy. Preoperative testing must include endoscopy, 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring, and esophageal manometry. Additional evaluations, such as barium swallow, chest x-ray, bronchoscopy, and sinus radiographs, may be required. Medical treatment improves gastroesophageal reflux and supraesophageal symptoms. However, surgical therapy seems to provide better long-term results. A profile that predicts the best response to medical therapy has not been identified, although the best results with surgery are achieved in patients with nocturnal asthma, onset of reflux before pulmonary symptoms, laryngeal inflammation, and a good response to medical treatment.
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PMID:Laparoscopic antireflux surgery for supraesophageal complications of gastroesophageal reflux disease. 1174 51

The health effects in teachers of a mold-damaged school before and during an extensive remediation process were assessed. Health data were collected with self-administered questionnaires from teachers (n=31) working in a moisture and mold damaged school and from the reference group of teachers (n=13) working in a non-damaged school. The questionnaire study was repeated three times. Spirometry was measured in 33 individuals in the spring 1997 and repeated in the spring 1999 and 2000. In the damaged school, a cluster of eight asthma cases was identified, the prevalence of asthma being 26%. Before the remediation, the number of sinusitis episodes was higher (p=0.040) and the mean duration of sick leaves longer (p=0.015) among the study group than in the reference group. A higher prevalence of hoarseness and perceived poor quality of indoor air were reported. During the follow-up, no new asthma cases appeared. After the remediation, bronchitis, conjunctivitis, symptoms of allergic rhinitis and the sum of respiratory infection episodes decreased significantly. Some of the asthmatics had low values in the spirometry but no changes in the lung function were observed at the group level. The remediation of the mold damage had beneficial effects on teachers' health.
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PMID:The remediation of mold damaged school--a three-year follow-up study on teachers' health. 1506 7

Acute bronchitis is one of the most common diagnoses in ambulatory care medicine. Although the benefit of antibiotics for acute bronchitis, which is mostly virally induced, is disputed, they are often prescribed. A therapeutic option for respiratory tract infections that do not fall within the strict indication range for antibiotic administration is the liquid herbal drug preparation from the roots of Pelargonium sidoides, EPs 7630 (Umckaloabo), which has been tested against placebo in double-blind clinical trials. EPs 7630 has both antibacterial and immuno-modulating properties. The efficacy and tolerability of EPs 7630 was investigated in a prospective, open, multicentric outcomes study with 205 patients suffering from acute bronchitis or acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. The main outcome measure was the change in the total score of five symptoms typical for bronchitis (cough, expectoration, wheezing/whistling on expiration, chest pain during coughing, and dyspnoea), which were each rated using a 5-point scale (from 0=not present to 4=extremely pronounced). Further symptoms (hoarseness, headache, aching limbs and fatigue) were assessed using a four-point scale (from 0=not present to 3=very pronounced). The total score of the typical bronchitis symptoms amounted to 6.1+/-2.8 points on average at the start of treatment and decreased by 3.3+/-3.8 points to 2.8+/-2.6 points by the final examination on day 7. About 60.5% of the patients assessed their health condition at the end of the study as much improved or free from symptoms. The onset of action appeared after two days on average. Adverse events occurred in a total of 16 patients. There were no serious adverse events. Altogether, 78% of the patients were satisfied or very satisfied with the treatment.
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PMID:EPs 7630-solution--an effective therapeutic option in acute and exacerbating bronchitis. 1718 84


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