Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A cross-sectional estimation of lung function was performed on 5,083 subjects of both sexes in 1987. These subjects also completed a self-administered questionnaire (response rate 96.1%). In both sexes FEV1 below the stipulated normal was significantly more common in current smokers than in life-long non-smokers. 23% of the females and 13% of the males reported allergic symptoms. Pollen allergies were experienced by 7% of the females and 5% of the males. 10% of both sexes had experienced asthma or bronchitis as a child. However, only 20% of those who reported childhood asthma or bronchitis still had difficulty in breathing. A low FEV1 was no more common among those who had experienced childhood asthma or bronchitis, or among those who reported allergies, asthma or bronchitis among close relatives, than among those who did not report such potential risk factors. On the other hand, dyspnea was much more common among those who reported the potential risk factors than among those who did not.
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PMID:[Lung health in middle age. Screening of 40-year old persons in Vest-Agder]. 185 13

We performed cytologic evaluations of 6116 nasal and/or bronchial smears from 4510 patients (average age: 7.6 years; 3 months--17 years) suffering from different kinds of chronic nonspecific respiratory diseases (CNSRD); in 137 children (average age: 4.8 years) undergoing bronchologic examinations under general anesthesia we compared the findings with those for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Nasal smears of 77 healthy children at a day care center (control group) were analysed four times per year for "significant secretory eosinophilia" (SEE; i.e. more than 13% eosinophils). We found: 1. Healthy children do not have such "SSE" in contrast to children with CNSRD who show different frequencies of "SSE" depending on the age of the child and the specific kind (diagnosis) of CNSRD. 2. 4.6% of infants (first year of life) were found to have SSE with a statistically significant correlation to increase in the following 10 years up to 50% of all children (p less than 0.001). 3. We found SSE in 4.41% of cases with relapsing bronchitis, in 7.14% (8.3% resp.) with chronic bronchitis, in 6.49% (9.2% resp.) with relapsing or chronic obstructive bronchitis and in 46.05% (55.3% resp.) with bronchial asthma (p less than 0.001). 4. The intensity of obstructive symptoms (nose: rhinitis; bronchus: dyspnoea) did not correlate with the number of eosinophils in the secretions. 5. Only the smear cytograms (nose/bronchus) enabled us to detect "SSE" whereas BAL cytograms were too insensitive (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The eosinophilic granulocyte count in the respiratory secretions of children with chronic nonspecific respiratory diseases. 194 54

Expectoration of bronchial casts (plastic bronchitis) is an uncommon but ancient problem. Herein we describe a 40-year-old man, with no prior lung disease, who had dyspnea, cough, and expectoration of long branching bronchial casts. No specific cause was delineated, although special stains for eosinophilic granule major basic protein demonstrated occasional foci of eosinophils and small amounts of extracellular major basic protein in the bronchial casts. Various diseases, such as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, bronchiectasis, and cystic fibrosis, have been associated with the formation of bronchial casts and should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Although most previously reported cases have been associated with some type of pulmonary disease, our patient had no evidence of an underlying pulmonary disorder.
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PMID:Plastic bronchitis: an old disease revisited. 200 88

The authors report the case of a 3-month-old infant with a history of interventricular septal defect with pulmonary arterial hypertension. This child had pulmonary symptomatology (dyspnea, recurrent bronchitis, acute attacks of asphyxia) which it was possible to link to a retrotracheal left pulmonary artery by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Classical investigations (upper GI barium series and chest X-ray) were suggestive of a bronchogenic cyst type abnormal pulmonary structure. Angiography confirmed the MRI diagnosis. In this case the infant also had tracheal lesions (lower tracheal hypoplasia) which required further evaluation by fibroscopy and bronchography. Thus MRI shows itself to be a useful investigation in the study of basic vascular abnormalities.
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PMID:[Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of retrotracheal pulmonary artery]. 202 7

Ten goats were inoculated with peste des petits ruminants virus, a paramyxovirus closely related to rinderpest virus. All goats developed severe clinical disease, 8/10 having coughing or dyspnea as prominent clinical signs. In addition, all of the goats had stomatitis and diarrhea. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies were done only on the respiratory tracts. Pathologic changes ranged from mild multifocal bronchiolitis and bronchitis to severe bronchointerstitial pneumonia. Lesions were more severe in anteroventral than caudal lobes. The histologic nature of the viral process in the goat lungs had many features in common with the processes of pneumonia in dogs, due to canine distemper, or pneumonia in human beings, due to measles virus. Immunohistochemical staining of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded respiratory tract tissue was performed using an indirect system with rabbit anti-rinderpest virus serum, biotinylated anti-rabbit antibody, streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase, and nitroblue tetrazolium chromogen. Staining was sensitive, highlighting the presence of viral antigen in both lung and trachea of all goats. Viral antigen was found in both cytoplasm and nucleus of tracheal, bronchial, and bronchiolar epithelial cells, type II pneumocytes, syncytial cells, and alveolar macrophages. In general, the amount of staining correlated directly with the severity of the inflammatory process.
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PMID:An immunohistochemical study of the pneumonia caused by peste des petits ruminants virus. 206 17

There were 63 patients with infectious-allergic bronchial asthma and 13 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis. The clinical and bronchoscopic manifestations of the broncho-obstructive syndrome were compared to external respiratory function (ERF) reflecting the status of bronchial patency at different levels of the bronchial tree and the measurement data on the rheological properties of bronchial secretion. A reverse interrelationship was discovered between the intensity of asphyxia attacks and patency of the distal bronchial according to the ERF estimates. A correlation was noted between the magnitude of bronchial secretion viscosity and some characteristics: intensity of asphyxia attacks, dyspnea, number of dry rales; bronchial patency according to the ERF estimates. The values of secretion viscosity turned out to be most closely interrelated with the patency of small bronchi. A correlation was discovered between the bronchoscopic findings and bronchial patency of the proximal bronchi (ERF estimates). It is believed that bronchoscopic examination plays an important part in the diagnosis of obstruction of the bronchi accessible to inspection and has a high information content. Hyperdiscrinism intensity determines in many respects the clinical manifestations of the broncho-obstructive syndrome, measurement data on viscosity and adhesion of bronchial secretion can be used for assessing the efficacy of the action on bronchial obstruction at the level of small bronchi.
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PMID:[The complex assessment of disordered bronchial patency in chronic obstructive lung diseases]. 209 94

In 1984-1985, an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection occurred in two geriatric wards. Among 68 patients (mean age +/- SD = 82.5 +/- 12.5 with respiratory signs, 52 had signs caused by RSV infection. Among all patients, the clinical and serological attack rates were 61.2% and 75.0%, respectively. The most frequent clinical presentation was intensive coughing (96.1%) and fever (96.1%) associated with expectorate (63.5%). The duration of the respiratory symptoms was 5 to 7 days. The disease gradually resolved, although in eight (15.4%) patients complications occurred. For periods of up to 1 year after infection, 172 sera were obtained and tested by complement fixation test (CFT), fluorescent assays for titrating specific IgG, IgA, and IgM, and Western blotting. Specific IgM appeared in six (11.5%) of the infected patients and peaked 2 to 6 months after infection, and there was no significant correlation with severity of clinical symptoms. However, higher peak G and A antibody responses were observed in persons with rales (CFT: P = 0.008; IgG: P = 0.042; IgA: P = 0.020), cough (IgG: P = 0.034), sputum (IgG: P = 0.030), dyspnea (CFT: P = 0.024), conjunctivitis (CFT: P = 0.025), and bronchitis (CFT: P = 0.018). The temporal patterns of IgA and CFT results were found to be similar, whereas IgG peaked later, i.e., between 2 and 6 months. The patients with the most severe symptoms had the highest antibody titers obtained by conventional tests and by Western blots. Thus, RSV can be an epidemic pathogen among elderly persons, although this illness is usually mild.
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PMID:An epidemic of respiratory syncytial virus in elderly people: clinical and serological findings. 217 69

Several important points regarding the treatment of urinary tract infections should be made. Single-dose and short-course antibiotic therapy is appropriate only for women with acute bacterial cystitis due to E. coli. Studies comparing single-dose to full-course therapy have not been sufficiently designed to draw valid statistical conclusions, and only TMP/SMX is recommended at this time. Recurrent UTI in women is almost always due to reinfection, which is best managed by prophylactic antibiotics. Acute bronchitis and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis are often due to viral infections, and therefore antibiotic therapy is not always needed. In acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, the clearest success rates for antibiotic therapy have been in patients, who have all three of the following symptoms: increased dyspnea, increased sputum production, and sputum purulence. Mupirocin is an important addition to the agents used to treat bacterial skin infections due to streptococcal and staphylococcal strains. In impetigo, mupirocin has been demonstrated to be as effective or superior to oral erythromycin. In prostatitis, data on the fluoroquinolones appears impressive, but further comparative trials are needed. They may become first-line, empiric therapy. The newer oral antibiotics are not recommended as initial, empiric therapy in the outpatient management of common infections, with the possible exception of the treatment of prostatitis. These newer agents may be more important in the treatment of recurrent or resistant infections.
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PMID:Antibiotic therapy for common infections. 223 35

We report a case of a 62 year old man who presented with effort dyspnoea accompanied by a cough and haemoptysis. The chest radiograph of the thorax showed atelectasis of the right upper lobe. Bronchoscopy showed evidence of a tumour like mass obstructing the right bronchus and this revealed itself to be a mass of organised fibrinous deposit in granulation tissue containing numerous colonies of Aspergillus. In fact it appeared to be an obstructive Aspergillus bronchitis, with a pseudo-tumour appearance attached to a carcinoid tumour which was obstructing the apical segment of the right upper lobe. Obstructive Aspergillus bronchitis makes up only a small percentage of overall respiratory disease caused by Aspergillus. They pose a problem of differential diagnosis with bronchopulmonary aspergillosis which is much more frequent.
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PMID:[Endobronchial aspergillosis associated with a carcinoid tumor]. 227 Mar 53

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of acute bronchitis and pneumonia on the FEV1 decline rate in a random sample of Cracow inhabitants followed over a 13-year period. A total of 718 males and 1029 females completed the spirometric testing and interview in 13-year follow-up period. Acute chest diseases diagnosed and treated by doctors and reported by respondents in surveys were the source of data on broncho-pulmonary infections. The rate of FEV1 change, expressed in ml per year was estimated for each person in 13-year follow-up period. Persons who reported recurrent bronchitis and pneumonia had significantly lower initial FEV1 levels than those without infections. The effect was controlled for confounders like age, height, smoking and chronic chest symptoms. The initial low ventilatory function by itself was not a predisposing factor for chest infections, unless they were associated with chronic respiratory symptoms. Lung function in men decreased steeply after pneumonia infection, but the effect appeared to be reversible. This effect was not limited to people with pre-existing chronic respiratory disease. The data indicated that in some subjects who reported new symptoms of dyspnea on effort, the acceleration of FEV1 decline due to pneumonia was greater than in people without the symptoms. This may result from the fact that in lower respiratory infection, bacterial or viral agents can produce serious dysfunction of small airways.
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PMID:The effect of acute broncho-pulmonary infections on the FEV1 change in 13-year follow-up. The Cracow Study. 234 73


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