Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three consecutive randomized open studies have been carried out to determine the optimal dosage of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in the prevention of postoperative thrombosis in general surgery (892 patients). All patients undergoing abdominal, gynaecological, thoracic or urological surgery were over 40 years old and presented at least one of the following risk factors for thrombosis: previous thromboembolism, obesity, varicose veins, malignancy (30 per cent), pre-operative hospitalization over 5 days, oestrogen therapy, chronic cardiac disease or bronchitis. Isotopic venous thrombosis and bleeding complications were assessed after subcutaneous administration of a LMWH fragment (LMWH, Enoxaparine) or unfractionated heparin (UH). The three studies compared 3 X 5000 units UH daily with 1 X 60 mg, 1 X 40 mg, 1 X 20 mg LMWH daily. Thromboembolic events rates were not significantly different from group to group (UH: 3.8 per cent, 2.7 per cent, 7.6 per cent respectively compared with LMWH: 2.9 per cent, 2.8 per cent, 3.8 per cent). Bleeding episodes including wound haematoma formation, perioperative blood losses and systemic haemorrhage were not significantly different in patients receiving LMWH or UH. Significant decreases in haematocrit and haemoglobin were only observed in patients receiving 60 mg Enoxaparine (as compared to UH). An analysis using the 'intention to treat' approach gave results consistent with those of an analysis of good compliers. An overview of isotopic thromboses in the three studies gave no evidence of differences amongst the effects of the three doses of LMWH (P = 0.20), and pooling the results of the three studies using the Mantel-Haenszel procedure gave no evidence of a global difference between Enoxaparine and UH (P = 0.54). These results suggest that an optimal dosage of 20 mg/day of Enoxaparine is safe and effective in the prevention of postoperative thrombosis in this population.
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PMID:Low molecular weight heparin compared with unfractionated heparin in prevention of postoperative thrombosis. 283 30

The relation between smoking habits and selected chronic diseases was evaluated from the data of the 1983 Italian National Health Survey, based on 72,284 people aged 15 or over randomly selected within strata of geographical area, size of place of residence and of the household in order to be representative of the whole Italian population. The prevalence of all the 19 diseases or groups of diseases considered was elevated among ex-smokers, thus suggesting that the presence of any chronic condition stimulates cessation of smoking. The excess prevalence among ex-smokers was particularly large for myocardial infarction and other heart diseases. Four groups of diseases were positively related with current as well as with past cigarette smoking. These were chronic bronchitis, emphysema of the lung or respiratory insufficiency, gastroduodenal ulcer and varicose veins or haemorrhoids. For all these groups of diseases the relative risks were higher in heavy cigarette smokers. Compared with never smokers, the point estimates for subjects smoking 15 cigarettes per day or more were 2.6 for chronic bronchitis, 1.7 for emphysema of the lung, 2.1 for gastroduodenal ulcer and 1.6 for varicose veins or haemorrhoids. For bronchitis, ulcer and varicose veins or haemorrhoids the relative risks tended to be higher in younger and middle age groups. From these data, it was estimated that in the whole of Italy a total of about 900,000 prevalent cases of chronic bronchitis, 270,000 of emphysema, 610,000 gastroduodenal ulcers and 380,000 varicose veins or haemorrhoids could be associated with cigarette smoking.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Smoking and prevalence of disease in the 1983 Italian National Health Survey. 338 49

Data on height, weight, illness, medical care consumption, and demographic variables for 19,126 Dutch adults aged 20 years or older were obtained from three annual Health Interview Surveys. Data on severely overweight (Body Mass Index 30.0-40.0 kg/m2) and moderately overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2) subjects were compared with those on non-overweight persons (BMI 20.0-24.9 kg/m2), taking into account effects of sex, age, and educational level. In men, severe overweight was associated with hypertension, especially in men under 50 years of age. In women, severe overweight was associated with hypertension, diabetes, varicose veins, asthma/bronchitis, and hemorrhoids. Increased utilization of medical care and medications were also associated with severe overweight. For moderately overweight subjects, these associations were less clear or absent.
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PMID:Associations of moderate and severe overweight with self-reported illness and medical care in Dutch adults. 394 13

The paper describes one case of the mixed form of mucoviscidosis, with involvement of the lung (chronic obstructive bronchitis, bronchiectasis, emphysema, pneumosclerosis), liver (cirrhosis), pancreas (lipomatosis with islet atrophy), ileum (enteritis). There were the following complications: cor pulmonale, esophageal varicose veins, ascitis, splenomegaly, secondary diffuse renal amyloidosis of the kidney, adrenals, and spleen, and brain edema. Due to modern therapy the patient reached the age of 25 years, which is a rarity.
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PMID:[Pathomorphology of the mixed form of mycoviscidosis in an adult patient]. 1683 Jun 24