Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sfericase is an important intracellular proteinase produced by Bacillus sphaericus in the stationary phase of growth. It is a Ca(2+)-dependent serine proteinase with optimal activity at pH 9.0 to 9.3. The molecular mass of sfericase is 32 kDa, as determined by sedimentation equilibrium. It seems to be involved in the interplay of various elements of the mosquitocidal activity of B. sphaericus, and hence is important for biological mosquito control. Sfericase significantly reduces viscosity of human pathological bronchial secretions and has recently shown good clinical effects in treatment of bronchitis, pneumonia and sinusitis. This enzyme was isolated from B. sphaericus and single crystals were obtained by the hanging drop vapor diffusion method. The crystals belong to the monoclinic space group P2, with cell dimensions of a = 46.94 A, b = 64.55 A, c = 86.23 A and beta = 95.4 degrees. These crystals are mechanically strong, they are stable in the X-ray beam and they diffract to better than 1.8 A resolution. The cell dimensions are consistent with four molecules per unit cell and two molecules in the asymmetric unit. A complete native data set to 1.77 A resolution has been collected on a Rigaku R-AXIS-IIc Imaging Plate Detector system and a heavy-atom derivative search is presently in progress.
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PMID:Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of sfericase. A Bacillus sphaericus calcium-dependent serine proteinase. 828 93

The term sinobronchial syndrome is often used, but there is no generally accepted definition. Due to the functional and clinical unity of the whole respiratory tract infectious and allergic irritations lead to homogeneous reactions of the bronchi and the paranasal sinuses. On the other hand there are hints that a disease in one region can cause problems in the other or reinforce it. Probably bronchi and sinuses can also become infected simultaneously from the pharynx. In chronic cases sinusitis and bronchitis are often only symptoms masking an underlying disease that requires differentiated diagnostics and treatment, e.g. cystic fibrosis, primary ciliary dyskinesia, and immunological defects.
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PMID:[Sinobronchial syndrome--a meaningful diagnosis?]. 836 Nov 41

Pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on cefditoren pivoxil (CDTR-PI, ME 1207) were performed in children. The results were as follows: 1. A total of 18 patients (19 infections) were treated with CDTR-PI. The doses ranged 2.1-3.2 mg/kg, and it was orally administered 3 times daily, for 4-10 days. Clinical efficacies of CDTR-PI in 18 patients with 19 bacterial infections (3 with tonsillitis, 1 with bronchitis, 7 with pneumonia, 1 with acute maxillary sinusitis, 4 with otitis media, 1 with urinary tract infection, 2 with skin and soft tissue infection) were evaluated as excellent in 13 infections and as good in 6 infections with an efficacy rate of 100%. Twelve causative strains of 5 species were found in 11 patients. Streptococcus pneumoniae in 2 cases out of 3, Haemophilus influenzae in 4/4, Staphylococcus aureus in 2/2, Haemophilus parainfluenzae in 2/2 and Escherichia coli in 1/1 were eradicated. Two patients had mild diarrhea but did not need specific treatment. Severe adverse reaction was not observed in any of the 18 patients. 2. MICs of CDTR were examined against 4 clinically isolated S. pneumoniae strains. Two strains of S. pneumoniae were relatively resistant to penicillins. 3. Pharmacokinetic studies Peak serum CDTR concentrations in 3 patients were 2.38 micrograms/ml, 0.72 micrograms/ml and 2.25 micrograms/ml at a dose of CDTR-PI 3 mg/kg orally administered at 30-minute after meal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on cefditoren pivoxil in children]. 837 94

Encapsulated and non-encapsulated strains of haemophilus influenzae are known to exist. The encapsulated ones, especially those of type B (HiB), are highly invasive. Hib may cause, among other diseases, purulent meningitis, epiglottitis, septic arthritis/osteomyelitis and pneumonia. These diseases can be prevented by timely vaccination. The non-encapsulated haemophilus ionfluenzae strains often produce colonisation of the nasopharyngeal space and inflammation of the mucosa of the airways. They are often pathogens of otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis and pneumonia. These diseases cannot be prevented by HiB vaccination.
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PMID:[Hemophilus influenzae infection and their prevention by vaccination]. 841 43

Only scanty data are available on the susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae in Italy. The in vitro activity of ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, chloramphenicol, erythromycin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole against 327 strains of Haemophilus influenzae (55 encapsulated, 272 non-typeable) isolated from adults and children in northern Italy, between January 1984 and December 1989, was compared. Patients were affected by meningitis or other invasive infections, conjunctivitis, otitis, sinusitis, pneumonia or bronchitis. Minimal inhibiting concentrations were determined by a microdilution technique in Mueller Hinton broth supplemented with 10 microliters/ml NAD and 2-5% lysed horse blood. A concentration of 1 x 10(5) to 5 x 10(5) CFU/ml was used as the inoculum. The antibiotics were tested at concentrations ranging from 0.03 to 64 microliters/ml with the exception of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, for which the range of concentrations examined were 0.01/0.25 to 32/512 microliters/ml. All the strains tested were susceptible to ampicillin-sulbactam, cefuroxime and cefotaxime, and more than 95% were susceptible to ampicillin, cefaclor and chloramphenicol. Only 4% were susceptible to erythromycin but most minimal inhibiting concentrations fell into the intermediate category. Strains isolated from adults were more susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole than strains isolated from children (85% vs 66%; p = 0.011).
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PMID:Antimicrobial resistance among clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae in northern Italy. Collaborative Study on Pediatric Infectious Diseases. 847 3

A 23-year-old male presented with bilateral sclerokeratitis. He reported recent bronchitis, sinusitis, dyspnea on exertion, hemoptysis, arthralgias and myalgias. Wegener's granulomatosis was diagnosed by a positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) test and a nasal and subglotic biopsy showing granulomatous inflammation. Treatment with cyclophosphamide, systemic corticosteroids and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole resulted in resolution of the sclerokeratitis and remission of the disease.
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PMID:Wegener's granulomatosis presenting with sclerokeratitis diagnosed by antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA). 848 70

An adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficient patient with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) developed resistance to therapeutic injections of bovine ADA conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG-ADA). This 18-year-old girl was diagnosed as having partial ADA deficiency at age 7 years, and was started on bovine conjugated PEG-ADA at age 15 years. The weekly dose of 15 U/kg led to clinical improvement with resolution of sinusitis and bronchitis within 2 months and normalization of some T cell functions. After 5 months, however, she developed an inhibitory antibody to ADA, became refractory to treatment with PEG-ADA, and clinically and immunologically deteriorated. This antibody was successfully suppressed over a 4-month period with a combination of prednisone (2 mg/kg/day), intravenous immunoglobulin (2 g/kg/dose), and discontinuing the PEG-ADA injections for 7 weeks. The PEG-ADA injections were then restarted at a higher dose (20 U/kg/dose, twice a week). With the suppression of the inhibitory antibody, her clinical and immunologic status improved to previously achieved level. She has subsequently continued treatment for over 36 months, receiving a single weekly dose of PEG-ADA (20 U/kg/week) with sustained clinical and immunologic improvement, including weakly positive antigen-specific T cell proliferative responses to tetanus and Candida.
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PMID:Suppression of an antibody to adenosine-deaminase (ADA) in an ADA-deficient patient receiving polyethylene glycol modified adenosine deaminase. 850 39

We report the case of a 47-year-old male with Kartagener's syndrome (KS; situs inversus, bronchitis and sinusitis) who showed three types of cutaneous lesions: recurrent outbreaks of nummular eczema, recurrent deep folliculitis and two episodes of pyoderma gangraenosum. The patient had also IgA gammopathy of undetermined significance. This is the second case of KS associated with cutaneous lesions published so far and suggests that primary ciliary dyskinesia syndromes may have skin symptoms.
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PMID:Cutaneous manifestations in Kartagener's syndrome: folliculitis, nummular eczema and pyoderma gangraenosum. 851 94

This study examined the incidence of infectious and neoplastic diseases among 222 HIV-seronegative gay men who participated in the Natural History of AIDS Psychosocial Study. Those who concealed the expression of their homosexual identity experienced a significantly higher incidence of cancer (odds ratio = 3.18) and several infectious diseases (pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis, and tuberculosis; odds ratio = 2.91) over a 5-year follow-up period. These effects could not be attributed to differences in age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, repressive coping style, health-relevant behavioral patterns (e.g., drug use, exercise), anxiety, depression, or reporting biases (e.g., negative affectivity, social desirability). Results are interpreted in the context of previous data linking concealed homosexual identity to other physical health outcomes (e.g., HIV progression and psychosomatic symptomatology) and theories linking psychological inhibition to physical illness.
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PMID:Elevated physical health risk among gay men who conceal their homosexual identity. 881 70

To investigate the factors associated with asthma in school children, a case-control study of 203 asthmatic and 203 non-asthmatic children (103 males and 100 females in each group) aged 6 to 18 years, was organized during the period September 1992 to May 1993 in Al Ain city, United Arab Emirates. Cases comprised known asthmatic children who were regularly receiving medication for asthma and were confirmed as asthmatics by a physician. Cases and controls were matched by age and sex. A questionnaire was used to obtain information about respiratory illnesses (pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, sinusitis and croup); atopy (allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis) and familial allergic diseases (parental asthma and atopy). Information about socioeconomic status and limitations to children as a result of asthma were also obtained. Logistic regression analysis showed that bronchitis, atopy (allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis), croup, parental asthma and parental atopic dermatitis were significant risk factors for childhood asthma after adjusting for other confounding covariates. The model also showed that parental asthma (p < 0.0001) is much more influential than parental atopic dermatitis (p = 0.01) as a risk factor for asthma. Although pneumonia and sinusitis were significant risk factors when analyzed univariately, they were not significant after adjusting for other covariates. Bronchiolitis, smoking and socioeconomic status were beyond the reach of statistical significance as risk factors to asthma in our sample.
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PMID:Factors associated with asthma in school children. 898 17


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