Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

No antibodies against Salmonella pullorum, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, Haemophilus gallinarum, fowl pox virus, Marek's disease virus, herpes virus of turkey, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, avian adenovirus, avian reovirus, infectious bursal disease virus, reticuloendotheliosis virus, avian leukosis virus, avian encephalomyelitis virus and Newcastle disease virus were detectable in the sera obtained from these chickens in 3 generations at various ages. Antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus were detected in the sera of the 3rd generations at 66, 74 and 108 weeks of age. The performances of these chickens was nearly the same as that of conventional healthy chickens in the poultry industry, with no tendency to decline.
 ...
PMID:Performance of 3 successive generations of specified-pathogenfree chickens maintained as a closed flock. 625 42

During the years 1974 to 1979 a virological study on domestic poultry throughout Papua New Guinea was conducted involving clinical examination of diseased birds with subsequent attempted virus isolations and serological surveys of free village fowls and commercial poultry. Viruses isolated included those of Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis, pox, avian encephalomyelitis and adenovirus. Clinical and pathological diagnoses of pox, avian encephalomyelitis, reticuloendotheliosis and Marek's disease were made. The serological survey included tests for Newcastle disease, influenza A, adenovirus, Marek's disease, pox, avian encephalomyelitis and infectious bursal disease virus. Antibody was demonstrated to all of these viruses except for bursal disease.
 ...
PMID:Survey of some poultry viruses in Papua New Guinea. 710 63

To gather information on backyard chicken flocks in Chitungwiza, an urban center in Zimbabwe, 85 flock owners were interviewed. The mean flock size was 53 birds (range 1-650), and most birds were kept for meat, for either domestic consumption or local sale. Mean age at slaughter was 12.4 weeks (range 8-24). None of the owners vaccinated their birds, and reported mortality rates were high (mean 25%), most commonly being associated with diseases causing eye and respiratory problems. Most owners complained of a lack of technical and veterinary advice. Commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays on sera from 460 birds in 52 flocks showed that the birds had been exposed to avian reovirus (3%), avian leukosis virus (9%), avian encephalomyelitis virus (11%), Newcastle disease virus (27%), Mycoplasma gallisepticum and M. synoviae (33%), Pasteurella multocida (52%), infectious bursal disease virus (55%), reticuloendotheliosis virus (65%), and infectious bronchitis virus (86%). Parasite infections were detected only rarely.
 ...
PMID:Diseases and management of backyard chicken flocks in Chitungwiza, Zimbabwe. 783 19

Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-ostrich IgG was raised and used in commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits to detect antibodies reactive with 11 poultry pathogens in sera from 149 ostriches from nine farms around Zimbabwe. Antibodies were detected to turkey rhinotracheitis virus (99%), Newcastle disease virus (23%), avian reovirus (19%), infectious bursal disease virus (15%), avian encephalomyelitis virus (15%), Mycoplasma gallisepticum and/or M. synoviae (11%), reticuloendotheliosis virus (10%), Salmonella enteritidis (8%), avian leukosis virus (3%), infectious bronchitis virus (2%), and Pasteurella multocida (< 1%). Although evidence of prior infection with turkey rhinotracheitis and newcastle disease virus was present on all farms tested, there was marked variation between farms in the prevalence of exposure to other poultry pathogens.
 ...
PMID:A serosurvey using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies against poultry pathogens in ostriches (Struthio camelus) from Zimbabwe. 783 18

Lesser prairie chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) abundance, like that of most grassland birds, has declined rangewide for decades. Although habitat loss and degradation are likely ultimate causes for this decline, infectious agents, particularly microparasites, could be proximate contributors. No surveys of pathogenic bacteria or viruses have been published for this species. We surveyed 24 free-living lesser prairie chickens from Hemphill County, Texas (USA), for evidence of exposure to Salmonella typhimurium, S. pullorum, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, M. synoviae, Chlamydophila psittaci, and the avian influenza, Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis, and reticuloendotheliosis viruses. Two of 18, and eight of 17 samples were seropositive for the Massachusetts and Arkansas serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus, respectively. Five of the eight positive individuals were juveniles, two of which were seropositive for both serotypes. All other serologic and genetic tests were negative. Because the ecological significance of these results is unknown, the pathogenesis, transmission, and/or population-level influences of infectious bronchitis and related avian coronaviruses for lesser prairie chickens deserves further study.
 ...
PMID:Infectious disease survey of lesser prairie chickens in north Texas. 1252 54

Cultured chicken bone-marrow-derived macrophages have been assayed for their susceptibility to infection with various avian viruses. Three criteria of infection were employed: (1) Virus-induced alterations in cell morphology ; (2) presence of intracellular viral antigens detectable by immunofluorescence; (3) kinetics of virus release by infected macrophages. Macrophages proved to be resistant to Marek's disease virus (MDV), herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT-FC126), infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV). MDV included the pathogenic HPRS-16 strain prepared from feather follicles, and the apathogenic HPRS-24 strain adapted to growth in chick embryo fibroblast cultures. IBV included both embryo-propagated and tissue culture-adapted variants of the apathogenic Beaudette strain and a pathogenic Massachusetts-type strain. REV comprised the strains REV-C, CSV and oncogenic virus of the REV-F strain. Adenovirus, infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) virus, reovirus, infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) replicated in macrophages causing different but characteristic cytopathic effects, or alterations in cell morphology associated with macrophage activation. The most prominent effect of IBDV and lentogenic NDV infection were morphological signs of macrophage activation, i.e. enlargement or 'transformation' of cells which tended to survive in infected cultures and were usually free of detectable amounts of immunofluorescent viral antigens. Macrophage cultures were less susceptible to infection with adenovirus (OTE strain), pathogenic ILT virus and lentogenic NDV (B1 strain) than permissive chicken kidney cell (CKC) cultures. In contrast, macrophage cultures were significantly more susceptible to infection with reovirus than CKC cultures, indicating that bone-marrow-derived macrophages might be the major target cells of this virus species. Virus restriction by cultured bone-marrow-derived macrophages was expressed to various degrees among the different avian virus species and among different strains of the same virus species, however, it was not generally correlated with the pathogenicity of these viruses in chickens.
 ...
PMID:Effects of avian viruses on cultured chicken bone-marrow-derived macrophages. 1876 76

An antigen for gel precipitation was prepared from chick embryo fibroblast cultures inoculated with the Reticuloendotheliosis virus. The specificity of the reaction was confirmed with reference Reticuloendotheliosis and Spleen necrosis sera. No precipitation reactions occurred between this antigen and Marek's disease, Newcastle disease, Infectious bronchitis, Pasteurella Multocida and Haemorrhagic enteritis antisera.
 ...
PMID:Reticuloendotheliosis antigen for the agar gel precipitation test. 1877 Mar 34

An antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (AC-ELISA) employing monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against p27 was developed for the detection of the avian leukosis virus (ALV). The specificity of the optimized AC-ELISA was evaluated using avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J), avian leukosis virus subgroup A (ALV-A), avian leukosis virus subgroup B (ALV-B), avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Marek's disease virus (MDV), avian infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV), Fowlpox virus (FPV), infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), avian reovirus (ARV), reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV), avian influenza virus (AIV) and Escherichia coli. The only specimens that yielded a strong signal were ALV-J, ALV-A and ALV-B, indicating that this assay is suitable for the detection of ALV. The limit of detection of this assay was 1.25 ng/ml of rp27 protein and 10(1.79)TCID(50) units of HLJ09MDJ-1 (ALV-J). Moreover, this AC-ELISA can detect ALV in cloacal swabs of chickens experimentally infected as early as 12 days post-infection. The AC-ELISA detected the virus in the albumin and cloacal swabs of naturally infected chickens, and the results were confirmed by PCR, indicating that the AC-ELISA was a suitable method for the detection of ALV. This test is rapid and sensitive and could be convenient for epidemiological studies and eradication programs.
 ...
PMID:Development of an antigen-capture ELISA for the detection of avian leukosis virus p27 antigen. 2320 Dec 86

Spillover of viruses from farmed poultry into wild birds is a relatively new area of study at the livestock-wildlife interface. These transmission events can threaten the health of wild birds. There is growing evidence of transmission of vaccine viruses from poultry to wild birds, including attenuated vaccine strains of Newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis virus, and also spread of virulent viruses that may have evolved under the pressure of vaccine use, such as Marek's disease virus. Viral contaminants of poultry vaccines, including reticuloendotheliosis virus, may also be transmitted to wild birds and result in disease. New, vectored vaccines are less likely to directly spread to wild birds but this risk may rise as a result of recombination.
 ...
PMID:Impacts of poultry vaccination on viruses of wild bird. 2735 20

(1) Background: Dermanyssus gallinae, a hematophagous ectoparasite, adversely affects the health status of laying hens, leading to reduced egg production and significant economic losses in commercial farms. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of D. gallinae on the development of post-vaccination immune responses in layer hens. (2) Methods: A total of 80 blood samples were collected at four time-points (B1-B4) from 10 Hy-Line Brown hens, randomly selected from a commercial layer farm. The flock was naturally infested with D. gallinae and treated twice with Biobeck PA 910 (AI silicon dioxide). The samples were collected before and after each treatment. The percentages of IgM+ B cells, CD3+/CD4+ T cells and CD3+/CD8a+ T cells were determined by flow cytometry; the titres of antibodies against avian encephalomyelitis, infectious bronchitis virus, Newcastle disease virus, Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, reticuloendotheliosis virus and avian reovirus were determined by the immunoenzymatic method. (3) Results: The percentage of Th cells and post-vaccination anti-IBV and anti-NDV antibodies decreased significantly at the second infestation peak when the number of parasites was twice higher than at the first infestation peak. Non-significant negative correlations were found between the number of mites and the percentage of B cells (R = -0.845, p > 0.05) and between the number of mites and the percentage of Th cells (R = -0.522, p > 0.05), and a significant positive correlation was noted between the number of mites and the percentage of Tc cells (R = -0.982, p < 0.05). There were non-significant correlations between the number of mites and antibody titres. (4) Conclusion: The present findings suggested that D. gallinae might inhibit immune responses since the percentages of B cells and Th cells were negatively correlated with the number of mites. The percentage of Tc cells was positively correlated with the number of mites, which indicated that D. gallinae could stimulate cellular immune responses in infested laying hens. However, further research is needed to determine whether D. gallinae suppresses the production of vaccine-induced antibodies.
 ...
PMID:Changes in the Percentages of B- and T-Lymphocytes and Antibody Titres in Laying Hens Infested with Dermanyssus gallinae-A Preliminary Study. 3251 4


1 2 Next >>