Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The study compared the effect of conventional therapy of aggravated chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB), inpatient oxygen treatment of large duration (OT), normobaric hypoxic stimulation (NBHS), inspiratory resistance on the diaphragmatic muscle function in COB patients with chronic pulmonary insufficiency. The function was assessed at stimulation electromyography of the diaphragm. The latter reflected enhanced bioelectric activity of the diaphragm in response to OT and inspiratory resistive training as shown by increased time parameters. Conventional COB treatment induced no changes in the myographic picture. Long-term response to NBHS needs further investigations.
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PMID:[Functional state of the diaphragm during several non-drug methods of the treatment of chronic pulmonary insufficiency]. 176 19

Radionuclide renography and enzyme immunoassay used to evaluate renal function and renin--angiotensin--aldosterone system in 95 patients with chronic diffuse bronchitis demonstrate impairment of renal secretion and excretion in all the examinees. There are shifts in plasma renin activity and aldosterone concentration. The above defects depend on cardial--pulmonary insufficiency and respiratory--hemodynamic disorders.
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PMID:[Functional state of the kidneys in patients with chronic diffuse bronchitis]. 176 21

Continuous registration of breath, ECG, O2 tension was carried out in sleeping chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) patients (n-46). Sleep apnea was detected in 19 of them. It was found that signs of pulmonary insufficiency in association of COB and sleep apnea occur significantly earlier. No correlation was observed between the severity of bronchial obstruction and pathological sleep apnea. The discussion covers mechanisms of pulmonary and cardiac insufficiency onset in COB patients with sleep apnea, therapeutic responses to long-term oxygen treatment and introduction of artificial respiratory control.
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PMID:[The role of sleep apnea in the pathogenesis of cardio-pulmonary insufficiency in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis]. 202 4

In patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis, the rheological blood properties progressively deteriorate as the pulmonary insufficiency increases. These disorders are mainly caused by enhancement of red cell aggregation. The most remarkable disorders of the blood viscosity, e. g. the pathologically high viscosity syndrome, are recorded in patients with associated decompensated cor pulmonale and secondary erythrocytosis because of the hemoconcentration effect. Besides, the increase in the blood viscosity is dependent on the reduction in the propulsive capacity of the myocardium and acid-base unbalance. The role of the disorders of the blood viscosity in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension is discussed.
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PMID:[Mechanisms of blood rheological disorders and their role in the progression of chronic obstructive bronchitis]. 400 59

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized in the lung by chronic purulent bronchitis culminating in pulmonary insufficiency. There is evidence to suggest that neutrophil elastase (NE) released by neutrophils on the respiratory epithelial surface plays a major role in the pathogenesis of this lung disease. This study sought to determine the age of onset of the chronic neutrophil-dominated inflammation in CF and the consequences to the NE-anti-NE screen on the respiratory epithelial surface of the CF lung. NE and anti-NE defensive molecules were evaluated in respiratory epithelial lining fluid (ELF) in 27 children with stable CF (1 to 18 yr of age). Despite normal antigenic concentrations of alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) and secretory leukoprotease inhibitor (SLPI), 25 of 27 children with CF had neutrophil-dominated inflammation (> 500 neutrophils/microliters ELF). Active NE was found in ELF in 20 of 27 children, including two of four aged 1 yr. Western blot analysis showed the majority of alpha 1AT and SLPI molecules to be complexed and/or degraded. These observations demonstrate that a chronic imbalance of the NE-anti-NE protective screen develops early on the respiratory epithelial surface in persons with CF and is likely well established by 1 yr of age, with resultant potential for lung damage.
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PMID:Protease-antiprotease imbalance in the lungs of children with cystic fibrosis. 791 87

The paper deals with a bronchial asthma case whose anamnesis and clinical data plead rather for a chronic obstructive bronchitis (COPD). The diagnosis is elucidated through the pulmonary function tests performed both before and after a treatment which suppresses the inflammation and oedema of the mucous membrane with hypercrinia and discrinia, thus allowing the hyperreactivity of bronchial smooth muscles to become evident. Taking into account that more than 50% of the asthmatic persons have not a correct perception of the airway obstruction, treatment effect evaluation on the basis of clinical data only may lead to an early treatment stepping which can favour the development of a chronic inflammation and a "basic" obstructive syndrome resulting in a pulmonary insufficiency later on. Pulmonary function tests are therefore useful in monitoring the treatment whose efficacy is proved by the achievement of normal pulmonary function (or at least as close to normal as possible) and not only by the suppression of clinical symptoms.
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PMID:[Clear diagnosis in an atypical case of bronchial asthma and treatment monitoring using pulmonary function tests]. 795 Apr 54

A male nonsmoker, born in 1946, suffered from hypersecretory bronchitis and recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections since adolescence. In 1983 he developed pulmonary insufficiency. In 1984, some months after daily occupational exposure to printing inks and glues, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was 1.1 l (28% pred) and arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) 44 mmHg (5.9 kPa). Open lung biopsy showed a centri-acinar bronchiolitis-alveolitis suggestive of an airborne toxic pathology. Ultrastructural examination of the bronchial mucosa revealed microtubular abnormalities in about 10% of the cilia. Treatment consisted of stopping work from December 1985, oral corticosteroids until 1988, bronchodilators on a regular basis and intermittent antibiotics (1 week/month). The evolution was remarkable because: 1) from a severe pulmonary insufficiency, refractory to bronchodilators and corticosteroids for several years, lung function slowly improved to supernormal values, without residual functional signs of small airways disease; and 2) a repeat ultrastructural nasal mucosa examination in 1992 still showed persisting microtubular abnormalities in about 10% of the cilia, which disappeared on sequential monolayer-suspension culture, thus indicating secondary ciliary abnormalities.
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PMID:Completely reversible respiratory insufficiency with persisting ultrastructural ciliary abnormalities. 795 41

Hypoxia conditioned by chronic pulmonary insufficiency is associated in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis with a more intense free-radical oxidation. A reduced ventilation of the lungs is concurrent in patients with a higher level of malonic aldehyde, as well as with a lower activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. The liver is involved into the pathological process as a back-feed mechanism in response to the oxidation shift in tissues. Changes of the blood amine-acid spectrum, disproteimenia and hyper-fermentation observed in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (COB) denote the impaired hepatocyte condition. The regulating liver function is displayed through an intensified synthesis of endogenous antioxidants: 1) high-molecular--superoxide dismutase, catalase, ceruloplasmia and albumin; 2) low-molecular--uric acid, thiol compounds, biogenic amines, bilirubin, cholesterol as well as molecules of the bioenergetics cycles. As for the early COB stages, a higher level of antioxidant enzymes is more pronounced, whereas, the low-molecule endogenous antioxidants are in the forefront in the disease later stages.
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PMID:[Changes in the functional status of the liver in the course of chronic obstructive bronchitis]. 1510 70