Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-eight children with Down syndrome (DS) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were compared to non-DS control leukemics matched by age, white blood cell (WBC) count, and treatment protocol to evaluate presenting manifestations, toxicity, and outcome. The DS children with ALL did not have unique clinical or biologic characteristics to distinguish their disease from that of non-DS patients. Eleven of the DS patients had successfully banded cytogenetic studies of their leukemic cells with the distribution of model chromosome number of 46 (n = 1), 47 (2), 48 (5), and greater than 50 (3). The abnormal leukemic line involved an isochromosome of the long arm of chromosome 9[i(9q)] in 3 cases. Multiagent chemotherapies induced complete remissions in 25 patients (85%), yet overall 5 year event-free survival was only 23 +/- 8% when compared to 64 +/- 9% for control children receiving similar therapies (P less than 0.01). A significant cause of treatment failure was late marrow recurrence in the DS children. Host toxicity was striking in these children. Severe congenital heart disease present in one-third contributed to 2 deaths during antileukemia therapy. Hyperglycemia secondary to diabetogenic agents and repeated bronchitis were common toxicities. Intolerance to the antifolate methotrexate with severe gastrointestinal and skin toxicities was universal. We conclude that the poor prognosis for the child with DS and ALL stems in part from their increased risk of complications and toxicity from intensive modern leukemia therapies, specifically antifolates.
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PMID:Clinical and biological characteristics of acute lymphocytic leukemia in children with Down syndrome. 214 60

Maneb, manganese ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate, is a fungicide pesticide used in the agriculture and bulb flower culture sector. Toxicological effects for humans have been reported in literature and are diverse. They vary from allergic reactions (dermatitis, conjunctivitis, and bronchitis), central nervous system effects (muscarinic, nicotinic, central and extrapyramidal) and renal toxicity (acute renal failure).A 7-year old girl was admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit because of status epilepticus. Physical examination showed respiratory insufficiency, convulsions, and severe hypothermia (32.5 degrees C). The patient was intubated and her convulsions were successfully treated with benzodiazepines. Except for a combined metabolic and respiratory acidosis and hyperglycemia, diagnostic investigations on admission (full blood count, electrolytes, liver and renal functions, cerebrospinal fluid investigation, toxicology screening of blood and urine for barbiturates and benzodiazepines, blood culture, herpes PCR, and a CT scan of the brain) were normal. Within 24 hours, there was a complete recovery of all neurological signs. Within 72 hours, the patient was discharged from the hospital. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric investigation of her blood showed amounts of maneb, which can explain all symptoms and signs. However, effects of this magnitude on the central nervous system have not previously been reported in humans.
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PMID:Life threatening central nervous system manifestations and hypothermia due to maneb intoxication in a child: a case report. 1716 99

There have been case reports about adverse effects to glucose homeostasis related to gatifloxacin use. The authors report an elderly, non-diabetic patient who developed severe hyperglycemia after receiving oral gatifloxacin 400mg/d. He was a 73-year-old male, patient with a history of hypertension, cured vesical pheochromocytoma, idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, chronic renal insufficiency (baseline serum creatinine of 1.7 mg/dL), and gouty arthritis admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute bronchitis. Seven days after initiating gatifloxacin, his symptoms were improved. Subsequently he developed polyuria, polydipsia, and fatigue with an increase in serum creatinine to 2.8 mg/dL, and random plasma glucose levels elevated to 903 mg/dL. Gatifloxacin was stopped. Intravenous regular insulin infusion was administered. Euglycemia was achieved within 8 hours after fluid rehydration and only low dose insulin was required He maintained normal glucose levels without any antidiabetic drugs afterward. Old age and renal impairment were considered significant contributing factors for this hyperglycemic adverse event from gatifloxacin.
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PMID:Advancing age and renal impairment as important predisposing factors of gatifloxacin-induced hyperglycemia in non-diabetes patients. 1742 37

A 26-year-old man, who was on probation, was found dead in his home by his mother. Insulin vials and 2 insulin pens, which the man's stepfather (an insulin-dependent diabetic) had been missing for over a week, were found next to the deceased. The circumstances suggested suicide by an injected insulin overdose. At the time of the autopsy, the corpse showed already marked signs of autolysis. Clinical chemical tests confirmed the injection of insulin, but indicated hyperglycemia at the time of death. Toxicological analyses revealed that the man had consumed amphetamine, cannabinoids, and tramadol in the recent past. Histological examination finally revealed extensive bronchopneumonia as the cause of death. The most plausible explanation for the results of the autopsy and the additional examinations was an injection of insulin as a failed attempt of self-treatment. It is conceivable that the man had discovered by a rapid test that he was a diabetic, but had decided not to go to a doctor to avoid disclosure of parole violation due to continued drug abuse. He may have misinterpreted the symptoms caused by his worsening bronchitis and the developing bronchopneumonia as symptoms of a diabetic metabolic status and may have felt compelled to treat himself with insulin.
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PMID:[Alleged suicide by insulin]. 2641 91

Short-term systemic corticosteroids, also known as steroids, are frequently prescribed for adults in the outpatient setting by primary care physicians. There is a lack of supporting evidence for most diagnoses for which steroids are prescribed, and there is evidence against steroid use for patients with acute bronchitis, acute sinusitis, carpal tunnel, and allergic rhinitis. There is insufficient evidence supporting routine use of steroids for patients with acute pharyngitis, lumbar radiculopathy, carpal tunnel, and herpes zoster. There is evidence supporting use of short-term steroids for Bell palsy and acute gout. Physicians might assume that short-term steroids are harmless and free from the widely known long-term effects of steroids; however, even short courses of systemic corticosteroids are associated with many possible adverse effects, including hyperglycemia, elevated blood pressure, mood and sleep disturbance, sepsis, fracture, and venous thromboembolism. This review considers the evidence for short-term steroid use for common conditions seen by primary care physicians.
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PMID:Short-Term Systemic Corticosteroids: Appropriate Use in Primary Care. 3266 75