Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A prospective study was carried out on 288 general surgical patients aged 65 years and over. Over 40% of patients suffered no post-operative complication. The commonest post-operative problem was respiratory, with 17% of patients having simple atelectasis, 12% acute bronchitis and 10% pneumonia. Six per cent of patients developed post-operative heart failure and/or myocardial infarction. Delirium was noted post-operatively in 7% of patients, and new focal neurological signs in 1%. The post-operative hospital fatality rate was 5% (4% when deaths due to carcinomatosis were excluded). Nine patients out of ten spent less than a month in hospital. The relation of post-operative morbidity and mortality to seven factors was examined: type of surgery, urgency of surgery, urgency of admission, age, number of pre-operative medical diagnoses, American Society of Anesthetists' grade, and pre-operative mobility level. It appears that pre-operative medical fitness rather than chronological age is the main determinant of post-operative outcome in the elderly surgical patient.
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PMID:A prospective study of elderly general surgical patients: II. Post-operative complications. 260 40

Our objective was to assess the complications of laparoscopic fundoplication in 77 patients older than 70 years of age. The indications for surgery were (1) complications of reflux esophagitis (n = 17), (2) large hiatal hernia (n = 10), (3) asthma and bronchitis (n = 7), (4) the need for other surgery (n = 13), and (5) a patient's desire to discontinue medical treatment that was controlling reflux esophagitis (n = 30). Operative time varied from 34 to 250 minutes (mean [standard deviation], 116 +/- 20). Hospital stay varied from 12 hours to 19 days (mean, 1.2). No patient needed conversion to open operation. Intraoperative complications were observed in 4 patients (5.2%): left pneumothorax in 2, major operative bleeding in 1, and minor spleen lesion in 1. The most common postoperative complications were gas-bloating syndrome and dysphagia. Gastric ulcer was diagnosed in two. Other postoperative complications included acute delirium, acute urinary retention, and acute ischemia of the lower extremity. One patient died of congestive heart failure. It is concluded that laparoscopic fundoplication is an effective procedure for treating geriatric patients with reflux esophagitis and may be performed with low morbidity and mortality rates.
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PMID:Complications of laparoscopic fundoplication in the elderly. 1259 50

Delirium in children associated with high fever is defined as an acute and transient confusional state. Clinically it is most important to differentiate delirium from encephalitis or encephalopathy. Electroencephalographic (EEG) tracings were obtained from 17 children with fever and delirium, consisting of 12 boys and 5 girls, aged from 2 to 13 years. The initial recording was done from 2 to 36 hours (mean: 15 hours) after the last episode of delirium. The causes of fever were upper respiratory infections in 14 patients, acute bronchitis in 1, measles in 1 and exanthema subitum in 1. The body temperature ranged from 38.0 to 41.0 degrees C, when delirium was noticed by their parents. On 15 EEG tracings obtained during waking, the alpha rhythm showed a frequency normal for age, but it was interrupted by posterior slow waves in 2 of them. Eight tracings showed abnormal occipital delta activities. These slow waves were blocked by eye opening, and disappeared within 1 to 5 days. Two of the 6 tracings during sleep showed high voltage irregular slow wave bursts mixed with spikes lasting for 7 minutes, which also disappeared within 1 to 2 days. Our results indicate that EEG is useful in differentiating delirium from encephalitis or encephalopathy; in delirium, the occipital delta waves are blocked by eye opening and abnormal activities disappear within a few days.
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PMID:[Usefulness of EEG recording for delirium in children with high fever]. 1260 88

This paper deals with some aspects of the control of louse-borne typhus fever. The epidemic form is associated with famine and overcrowding. In producing an epidemic in a hitherto endemic area malnutrition is of greater importance than over-crowding; another factor which brings this about is widespread movement of civil or military population thus bringing non-immunes into a district where typhus is endemic.Endemic typhus usually occurs in the early months of the year, whilst the epidemic form may appear at any time. Conditions under which epidemic typhus occurs favour the outbreak of other diseases so that an uncomplicated case is rarely seen.Louse-borne typhus fever lasts from twelve to sixteen days. The incubation period is usually twelve to fourteen days, though it may be from five to twenty-one days. The onset is sudden, but is often preceded by malaise and a rise of temperature. Two common initial symptoms are acute frontal or occipital headache and bronchitis. The first sign may be mental confusion or delirium. Acute delirium is usually present after the first week.
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PMID:Some Practical Considerations in the Control of Louse-borne Typhus Fever in Great Britain in the Light of Experience in Russia, Poland, Rumania and China: (Section of Epidemiology and State Medicine). 1999 47

Delirium is the most frequent complication of hospitalization for elders and a potentially devastating problem. It is accompanied by high morbidity and mortality rate, and despite sensitive methods for its detection, delirium often is unrecognized and is missed by clinicians in up to 70% of delirious patients. Medications are considered one of the most common causes of delirium with sedatives, narcotics, dihydroperidines, antihistamines, and anticholinergics are most often implicated in its causation. Antibiotic-induced delirium has been infrequently reported where cephalosporins and macrolides are implicated in the majority of cases published. Delirium associated with fluoroquinolones has rarely been reported, and to the best of our knowledge only eight cases of levofloxacin-induced delirium have been described until yet in the medical literature, two of which from our medical ward. We describe another case of delirium associated with levofloxacin treatment in an elderly patient who was hospitalized in our medical ward for acute bronchitis. Description of three cases of levofloxacin-induced delirium from one medical ward (ours) and the other six from the rest of the world reflects the extreme under-recognition and under-diagnosis of drug-induced delirium generally, and levofloxacin-induced delirium specifically by physicians world-wide. It also seems likely that this severe and potentially fetal adverse effect of levofloxacin is much more common than previously reported. The present case and the other previously reported emphasize the urgent need of much more awareness by physicians to the occurrence of this serious but preventable and potentially reversible CNS complication of levofloxacin.
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PMID:Delirium induced by levofloxacin. 3117 1