Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The concentrations of nine plasma proteins were determined by quantitative immunoelectrophoresis in sputum specimens from 29 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and from 24 patients with severe asthma and chronic bronchitis. The results suggested that the population of CF patients could be divided into two groups in spite of an absence of difference in clinical status between the groups. Average concentrations of seven plasma proteins in sputum of group I CF patients were identical with those in sputum of patients with bronchitis, but the average concentrations of six of these proteins in sputum from group II CF patients were higher than those in specimens from the bronchitic patients and were similar to corresponding concentrations in sputum from patients with asthma, all of whom were examined while in status asthmaticus. The average concentrations of 14 secretory proteins were the same in all sputum specimens whether or not they were produced by patients with cystic fibrosis, asthma or bronchitis. It was concluded that the concentrations in the bronchopulmonary secretions of proteins associated with host defence were not diminished in patients with cystic fibrosis, and failure to produce adequate concentrations of proteins with antimicrobial activity was unlikely to be responsible for the above average susceptibility to chest infection in cystic fibrosis. It is suggested that there exists a group of CF patients in whom a pulmonary allergic reaction generates an inflammatory response as severe as that characterizing status asthmaticus and that this response could be detrimental.
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PMID:Soluble proteins of bronchopulmonary secretions from patients with cystic fibrosis, asthma, and bronchitis. 4 56

The features of dysporia entero-broncho-pancreatica familiaris (mucoviscidosis) are described and the course of the disease over ten years is recounted. The cases are probably patients with true mucoviscidosis but in whom not all the symptoms develop in early childhood (Doerr). In the present case the symptoms only developed at the age of five years. From this time on there was increasing pancreatic insufficiency, chronic recurring bronchitis, with increasing destructive bronchitis and resulting respiratory insufficiency, dyspnoea and orthopnoea, right heart strain, sodium and chloride loss in the sweat, changes in the duodenum and the development of aganglionic megacolon.
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PMID:[Mucoviscidosis: dysporia entero-broncho-pancreatica congenita familiaris (Glanzmann): Anderson syndrome (author's transl)]. 15 76

In a group of 223 children with various chronic, non-specific respiratory diseases, the levels of serum inhibitory proteolytic enzymes in bronchial secretions was measured. Activity of inhibitory proteolytic enzymes was analyzed according to the nature of bronchial lesions observed at bronchoscopy and character and cellular composition of bronchial secretion. Statistically significant increase of the mean inhibitory value in comparison to values in the control group, was found in children with recurrent bronchitis (a-1-AT), cystic fibrosis (a-1-AT and a-1-X), chronic bronchitis (a-1-X), bronchiectases (a-1-X) and in children with obstructive bronchitis (a-2-M).
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PMID:Activity of serum inhibitory proteases in bronchial secretions from children with various chronic non-specific respiratory diseases. 31 82

A high proportion of Cree and other North American Indian children have a chronic cough and many have bronchial wall thickening on radiographs, reminiscent of white children with asthma, mild cystic fibrosis, or immune deficiency. When compared to postmortem studies, radiographs underestimate the degree of bronchial wall thickening present. As compared to white children, Indian children in the first two years of life are more susceptible to recurrent bronchitis and pneumonia, are much more likely to develop pneumonia with rubeola and pertussis, and are more likely to develop chronic lung disease after adenovirus infections. Staphylococcal complications with pneumatocele formation are more common. A greater number acquire pneumonia while in hospital with other medical or surgical problems. Indian children with pneumonia recover more slowly, and some continue to deteriorate even after admission to hospital.
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PMID:Native children's lung. 51 94

The authors studied bronchial reactivity in children with cystic fibrosis and with deformative bronchitis. The reaction of the bronchi was studied both by inhalatory and exercise provocation. Inhalatory tests were monitored by means of a whole body plethysmograph. Free-range run was used for the exercise test, and the peak expiratory flow rate was measured. The described technique of inhalatory tests was accurate, safe, and not tiring for the patient. No distinct difference in bronchial reaction between the two groups of patients could be stated. The bronchial reaction to the inhalatory and exercise tests was stronger in both groups than in normals but not as strong as in asthmatics. The nature of bronchial hyperreactivity in those patients is still unknown. The inhalatory test seems to be more sensitive than the exercise test in detecting that hyperreactivity.
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PMID:Bronchial lability in children suffering from some diseases of the bronchi. 111 80

The autopsies of 82 patients with cystic fibrosis were reviewed with respect to pathologic changes in the lungs and their respective prevalence among different age groups. Although bronchitis, mucopurulent plugging, and bronchopneumonia were almost universally present among children of all ages, epithelial metaplasia and bronchiectasis were rarer among infants and progressively more prevalent in older age groups. Emphysema was absent in patients under two years of age and affected 11 per cent of the patients two to six years of age and 40 per cent of the patients older than six years, but was never of a severe degree by the point count method. Pulmonary hemorrhage, although uncommon, was usually associated with prominent arterial vessels in walls of bronchiectatic airways. Quantitative assessment of bronchial glands revealed Reid indices significantly higher in patients with cystic fibrosis when compared to noncystic fibrosis patients, but there was no increase in these indices with the age of the patients. Glandular hypertrophy, predominance of mucous acini within glands, and goblet cell hyperplasia of the bronchial mucosa all suggest an explanation for the copious mucous secretion of patients with cystic fibrosis. However, it was not possible to ascertain whether these findings reflect a general exocrine defect of such patients or whether they were merely a response to chronic airway infection, even though the latter is a more plausible assumption.
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PMID:The lung in cystic fibrosis. A quantitative study including prevalence of pathologic findings among different age groups. 126 16

Growing evidence suggests that eosinophils play an important role as proinflammatory cells in asthma, possibly by releasing toxic cationic proteins. In this study concentrations of serum and sputum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) from 134 patients with productive cough and a history suggestive of airflow obstruction were measured by radioimmunoassay. Small sputum volumes were suspended in saline, vortexed, and centrifuged and ECP measured in the supernatant. Serum ECP levels ranged from 0.002 to 0.095 mg/L (0.016 +/- 0.0014), whereas sputum ECP concentrations were between 0.024 and 5.66 mg/L ECP per g sputum (0.878 +/- 0.092). Only 17 of the 134 patients (14 asthma, one cystic fibrosis, one bronchiectasis, and one bronchitis) had not been pretreated with corticosteroids. Sputum but not serum ECP levels of the 14 patients with asthma were inversely correlated with impairment of FEV1 (r = -0.73). Airway resistance (Raw) (r = 0.71) as well as the change in FEV1 (r = 0.79) and Raw (r = 0.84) after inhalation of 0.2 mg albuterol were positively correlated. This relationship was not observed in the remaining 117 patients on topical and/or systemic corticosteroids, suggesting that corticosteroid treatment influences sputum ECP levels. Also, sputum ECP levels and the degree of sputum eosinophilia were not correlated in any of the patient groups. Neither did serum ECP levels predict sputum ECP concentrations. We conclude that sputum ECP concentrations serve as a marker of eosinophil degranulation in the sputum, and this marker correlates with airflow obstruction. Sputum ECP levels are more closely related to lung function parameters than serum ECP concentrations and/or microscopic sputum analysis.
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PMID:Sputum ECP levels correlate with parameters of airflow obstruction. 151 35

We report a 13-year old boy with a chronic pseudomonas bronchitis who was first diagnosed as having cystic fibrosis at this age because of an elevated sweat chloride employing pilocarpine-iontophoresis. He is heterozygote for the gene mutation Delta F508. We point out the often moderate course of illness in compound heterozygotes.
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PMID:[A 13-year-old boy with a mild form of cystic fibrosis and heterozygote gene mutation for Delta F508]. 176 3

Airways mucociliary clearance (MCC), which continuously removes inhaled particles and cellular debris from the lungs is impaired in a number of diseases such as bronchitis, asthma and cystic fibrosis. Regulation of MCC under normal conditions is not well understood and the cause of its impairment is ill defined. Animal models have been used to study the regulatory mechanisms of both mucus secretion and MCC and to ascertain the involvement of neural pathways. Cholinergic stimulation is a most effective means of enhancing MCC in molluscs, frogs and mammals including man. Recent data from mammals suggest that MCC is also regulated by neuropeptides either directly (substance P) or by facilitating the stimulatory effect of cholinergic agents. A better understand of basic regulatory mechanisms of MCC is vital to an understanding of its impairment in respiratory diseases.
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PMID:Measurement and pharmacology of mucociliary clearance. 179 77

In 1988, the authors conducted a questionnaire-based study on the health effects of the indoor environment in 30 Canadian communities. This paper focuses on the association between the respiratory health of young children and home dampness and molds. A total of 17,962 parents or guardians of schoolchildren received a questionnaire, and 14,948 (83.2%) questionnaires were returned. Children living in mobile homes, tents, and boats were excluded as were those with cystic fibrosis, leaving 13,495 children included in the study group. The housing stock was distributed as follows: 81% were one-family detached homes, 6% were one-family attached homes, and 13% were buildings for two or more families. Molds were reported in 32.4%, flooding in 24.1%, and moisture in 14.1% of the homes. Prevalences of all respiratory symptoms were consistently higher in homes with reported molds or dampness; i.e., adjusted odds ratios ranged from 1.32 (95% confidence interval 1.06-1.39) for bronchitis to 1.89 (95% confidence interval 1.58-2.26) for cough. The prevalence of home dampness or molds, 37.8%, indicates that it is an important public health issue. Further studies are required to elucidate the pathogenesis.
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PMID:Respiratory health effects of home dampness and molds among Canadian children. 186 3


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