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Query: UMLS:C0149514 (bronchitis)
 6,902 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the West of Scotland the epidemiology of parasitic bronchitis in grazing calves was studied over a two year period with the aid of tracer calves and herbage examinations for Dictyocaulus viviparus larvae. The observations of both years emphasised the importance of overwintered lungworm larvae as a source of disease. In the first year it was shown that the ingestion and development of these overwintered larvae were, by themselves, directly responsible for severe morbidity, high faecal larval counts and deaths. In the second year it was shown that pasture ungrazed during the winter and spring and from which a hay crop was removed in mid-summer was still capable of producing clinical parasitic bronchitis in susceptible calves within three to four weeks of their introduction in later summer. In both years there was some evidence that the outbreaks appeared to be associated with the sudden availability of infective larvae on the herbage. The possibility that such larvae may have survived for many months in the soil is discussed. Despite the heavy challenge with lungworm larvae experienced by the grazing calves in the first year those vaccinated with lungworm vaccine survived, their clinical signs were mild and of short duration and their faecal larval output was greatly reduced.
Vet Rec 1979 Mar 31
PMID:Studies on the epidemiology of bovine parasitic bronchitis. 15 85

A virus isolated from a respiratory disease in chickens was identified as infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). By serum neutralisation tests the virus was shown to be serologically distinct from the Massachusetts type but to possess a one-way relationship with the Connecticut type. Experimentally, it caused a relatively mild respiratory disease in baby chicks. Vaccination of young chicks with H-120 Massachusetts IBV vaccine afforded a high degree of protection against challenge with the isolate. Some problems relating to the isolation and classification of field strains of IBV are briefly discussed.
Vet Rec 1976 Apr 03
PMID:The isolation and some biological properties of a variant avian infectious bronchitis virus. 17 83

A survey of routine mortality was carried out on six different broiler sites. A total of 535 individual post mortem examinations was carried out. The chief cause of mortality on all six sites was colisepticaemia. Fatty liver and kidney syndrome caused significant loss on three of the six sites and on three of them a low incidence of an oedema syndrome was of interest. Salmonella senftenberg was isolated during the first four weeks from the intestines of chickens from five of the six sites but on none of them was this occurrence associated with any manifestations of disease. The vaccination procedures against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis were not producing adequate immunity against a possible challenge by a virulent virus of either although the administration of the vaccines appeared to be causing stress sufficiently severe to be one of the factors predisposing to a high incidence of colisepticaemia.
Vet Rec 1977 Sep 17
PMID:A survey of "normal" broiler mortality in East Anglia. 33 32

Four apparently serologically closely related isolates of infectious bronchitis virus were obtained from two flocks of vaccinated broiler breeders, one mile apart, which were experiencing increased mortality and decreases in egg production. The isolates were serologically distinct from isolates previously described and capable of causing characteristic infectious bronchitis-like respiratory infection in young chicks. In one experiment, the H120 vaccine strain of the virus did not protect the trachea against challenge with the new isolates 21 days later.
Vet Rec 1992 Oct 31
PMID:Characterisation of an infectious bronchitis virus isolated from vaccinated broiler breeder flocks. 133 96

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the serodiagnosis of parasitic bronchitis in cattle was evaluated in naturally injected, experimentally infected and vaccinated animals. Significant antibody titres could be demonstrated from five weeks after animals had been exposed to the parasite, so that infected animals could be identified during the summer. The test did not give false positive results in vaccinated animals. The technique proved particularly useful in revealing latent infections in milking herds in the autumn when heavy burdens of worms in the lungs do not generate any larvae in the faeces.
Vet Rec 1991 Oct 19
PMID:Use of an ELISA for serodiagnosis of parasitic bronchitis in cattle. 153 4

Among many causes of relapsing and chronic respiratory diseases in children the authors revealed gastrooesophageal reflux (GER) in 53 of 106 examined children, i.e. in 50%. Therefore examination of GER was included in routine examinations of all children admitted on account of the following diseases: laryngitis rec., bronchitis rec., bronchitis obstructiva rec., pneumonia rec., bronchiectasy, bronchitis deformans, asthma bronchiale. GER was detected in 208 children aged 6 months to 15 years. All children were subjected to an X-ray examination by contrast substance and to sonography of the cardia. In clinically serious cases manometric and pH metric examinations were made. When GER was detected the authors recommended conservative treatment: postural position, restricted fluid intake before going to bed, elimination of cocoa and chocolate, antacids. A favourable effect of conservative treatment in the course of 1-2 years was recorded in 60 of 76 children, who attended check-up examinations, i. e. in 79%. In children where serious complaints persisted, in particular rec. pneumonia, the development of deforming bronchitis and bronchiectasy or dyspnoic attacks, the authors indicated after completion of examinations and agreement with surgeons, a surgical approach. Fundoplication was performed in 22 children, i. e. in 10% of the patients where GER was revealed.
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PMID:[Gastroesophageal reflux as the basis of recurrent and chronic respiratory diseases]. 189 35

Two groups of parasite-free calves, one of which had been treated with four doses of a homoeopathic oral vaccine for parasitic bronchitis due to Dictyocaulus viviparus and the other with a placebo, were infected at the rate of 25 infective larvae/kg bodyweight 18 days after the final dose. Both groups became severely affected by parasitic bronchitis, with clinical signs starting 13 days after infection. There were no discernible differences between the treated and control groups in their manifestations of resistance to D viviparus or their clinical responses to the disease produced.
Vet Rec 1989 Jan 07
PMID:Efficacy of a homoeopathic prophylaxis against experimental infection of calves by the bovine lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus. 252 53

When they were turned out to grass in May 1987 for their first season, 10 calves were dosed with a 5 x 750 mg oxfendazole pulse release bolus (OPRB) and a monensin sodium rumen delivery device (RDD); eight calves received one OPRB; 10 calves received one RDD and eight calves received neither bolus. Each group was set-stocked on individual paddocks which had been grazed during the previous season by cattle which developed clinical parasitic gastroenteritis and bronchitis (husk). In July, before they were due to be moved to new pastures in mid-summer, and before they were dosed strategically with levamisole HCl, some of the calves not dosed with an OPRB succumbed to clinical parasitic gastroenteritis and husk and received emergency anthelmintic treatment, after which no further clinical episodes occurred. The 'dose and move' strategy was implemented in early August after which both groups not dosed with an OPRB were set-stocked together until the trial ended on October 14, 147 days after turn out. The two groups of calves which had received the OPRB were also moved to new pasture and set-stocked together until the end of the trial. No evidence of clinical helminthiases developed in either of the two groups of calves dosed with OPRBs and their faecal worm egg and larval counts, and plasma pepsinogen activities remained low. They gained significantly more weight than the two groups of calves not dosed with OPRBs (P less than 0.001). The bolus types were compatible and induced no untoward side-effects when used together.
Vet Rec 1989 Jul 15
PMID:Concurrent use of the oxfendazole pulse release bolus and the monensin rumen delivery device in young grazing cattle. 277 30

In May 1985 four groups of 10 calves, aged between four and five months, were turned out on to separate, permanent pastures of equal area which had been seeded during the previous few days with larvae of Dictyocaulus viviparus. One group acted as a control, the second was vaccinated with lungworm vaccine before turnout and treated with thiabendazole three, eight and 13 weeks after turnout, while the third and fourth groups were given ivermectin three times (three, eight and 13 weeks after turnout) and twice (three and eight weeks after turnout), respectively. A severe outbreak of parasitic bronchitis resulted in the death of three control calves within five weeks of turnout and parasitic bronchitis and gastroenteritis affected the second group of calves after approximately four months at pasture. The calves given ivermectin excreted no lungworm larvae and remained free of clinical parasitism throughout the trial.
Vet Rec 1987 Jul 04
PMID:Control of parasitic bronchitis and gastroenteritis in grazing cattle by strategic prophylaxis with ivermectin. 295 46

Lungworm-infected seeder calves were used on two 1.41 ha paddocks to ensure that groups of 11 susceptible trial calves would be exposed to heavy early season challenge with Dictyocaulus viviparus. This produced conditions for an artificially severe test of two control strategies. The first employed a front-loaded oxfendazole pulse release bolus, ie, an intraruminal device which released one therapeutic anthelmintic dose immediately and five subsequent pulses at approximately three-weekly intervals. These front-loaded boluses were given to five of 11 calves on one paddock as soon as parasitic bronchitis had become clinically obvious (34 days after turnout) while the remaining six calves were kept as untreated controls. Clinical signs quickly subsided in the treated animals and no further respiratory problems occurred despite continued exposure to reinfection. The other control strategy involved the administration at turnout of an oxfendazole pulse release device which released the first of five anthelmintic doses approximately three weeks after administration, to all 11 calves on the other paddock. This strategy was almost completely successful in preventing patent infections from establishing and reduced the infectivity of the pasture in August and September by 94.1 per cent as shown by tracer calf studies. The calves treated at turnout performed better than the calves treated with the front-loaded boluses for most of the season and had an average weight-gain advantage of 20.4 kg at housing (P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Vet Rec 1987 Sep 05
PMID:Oxfendazole pulse release intraruminal devices and bovine parasitic bronchitis: comparison of two control strategies in a field experiment. 296 69


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