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Target Concepts:
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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (
cataract
)
29,165
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
The potent corrole-based ROS/
RNS
decomposition catalyst 1-Fe was examined regarding its effect on the development of diabetes complications, in parallel with studies that addressed safety and toxicity issues that are crucial for forwarding the compound towards clinical trials. Cardiotoxicity and mutagenic potential were addressed by applying the hERG and AMES tests on 1-Fe, revealing that it is safe enough for further development. General toxicity studies in rats disclosed the appearance of mild adverse effect only at a dose of 300 mg/kg/day. In the streptozotocin-induced rat model of diabetes, 20 mg/kg/day 1-Fe prevented
cataract
incidents and reduced its severity, displayed a favorable effect on kidney function, and also decreased serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Comparisons with alpha lipoic acid, a compound with reported benefits in the same mouse model, indicate that the benefits of 1-Fe are due to the combination of its ability to disarm ROS/
RNS
and its positive effect on lipid profile.
...
PMID:Combating diabetes complications by 1-Fe, a corrole-based catalytic antioxidant. 2360 97
The review article focuses on free radicals and oxidative stress involved in ophthalmological diseases such as retinopathy,
cataract
, glaucoma, etc. Oxidative stress is considered as a key factor involved in the pathology of many chronic diseases including ophthalmic complication and inflammatory process. Oxidative stress and inflammation are closely related pathophysiological processes and are simultaneously found in many pathological conditions. The free radicals produced oxidize cellular components such as lipids and phospholipids leading to lipid peroxidation and trigger the onset of retinopathy.
Cataract
is a significant cause of visual disability and it is proposed that the high incidence is related to oxidative stress induced by continued intraocular penetration of light and consequent photochemical generation of free radical oxidants. Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness and comprises a group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration. Oxidative injury and altered antioxidant defense mechanisms in glaucoma appear to play a role in the pathophysiology of glaucomatous neurodegeneration that is characterized by death of retinal ganglion cells. The UVB radiations through this way may cause a number of diseases like photo-keratitis, pterygium, damage to epithelium, edema, and corneal cell apoptosis.
Abbreviations
: ROS: reactive oxygen species;
RNS
: reactive nitrogen species; O
2.
: superoxide anion; H
2
O
2
: hydrogen peroxide;. OH: hydroxyl radicals; ONOO
-
, ONO
2
-:
peroxynitrite; NO: nitric oxide; IOP: intraocular pressure; RGC: retinal ganglion cells. WHO: World Health Organization; IAPB: International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness.
...
PMID:Biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in ophthalmic disorders. 3204 82
