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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Healon, Viscoat and Amvisc Plus (Amvisc+) are commercial preparations containing hyaluronic acids of different molecular weights and viscosities. Cytotoxicity of these preparations to the corneal endothelium may be a factor in postsurgical recovery of the cornea. Using different in vitro models of bovine corneal endothelial cells (BCEC), three experiments to compare the possible detrimental effects of these viscoelastic agents were designed. In the confluent model, confluent BCEC were exposed to viscoelastic agents and the control to Balanced Salt Solution Plus (BSS+) for one hour and the nuclear density (nuclei/mm2) was assessed at 24 and 168 hours. At both times, the BCEC exposed to Healon showed the highest nuclear densities. In the preconfluent model, BCEC were treated for one hour at 48 hours post-seeding. The nuclear density of the BCEC was assessed at 24 hours. The BCEC exposed to Healon showed the highest density, followed by those exposed to Amvisc+ and then Viscoat. In the proliferation model, BCEC were cultured in media containing 1%, 5%, and 10% viscoelastic agents. The growth curves based on nuclear densities at 0, 24, 72, 120, and 168 hours in all treatment groups did not differ significantly from the control. The results indicate that the undiluted Healon was significantly less toxic in the preconfluent and confluent BCEC models.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1992 Jan
PMID:Use of in vitro models of bovine corneal endothelial cells to determine the relative toxicity of viscoelastic agents. 173 64

In this study the effect of seven different non-automated nuclear evacuation techniques and the role of sodium hyaluronate (Healon) were evaluated. Thirty-five cats (seven groups) and 140 human patients (seven groups) were included in the study. Each experimental animal and human group was operated using one of the seven non-automated techniques. In each animal, one eye was operated with sodium hyaluronate and the other with Balanced Saline Solution (BSS). In each human group of 20 patients during cataract extraction and IOL implantation, sodium hyaluronate was used in half of the patients and BSS was used in the remaining ten. Eyes treated with sodium hyaluronate lost approximately 50% fewer endothelial cells and had approximately 50% less increase in corneal thickness than their counterparts treated with BSS. Based on the results of the endothelial cell loss and the corneal thickness, it is concluded that the most traumatic used technique was no. 2, followed by that of no. 5. The technique no. 7 may be considered as the most atraumatic of the tested procedures. Sodium hyaluronate effectively protected the endothelium, and its routine use in cataract surgery is recommended.
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PMID:Endothelial cell loss in different non-automated extracapsular nuclear evacuation techniques and the role of sodium hyaluronate. 354 85

In 221 consecutive cataract extractions the peroperative epithelial damage was assessed by vital staining with 1% lissamine green, using logarithmic grading (grade 5 more than 10 000 stained dots) on cornea and on the superior, medial, lateral, and inferior conjunctiva. Evenly spread dots were seen on the cornea in 63 per cent of the eyes not subjected to protective treatment. In 35 per cent we observed staining caused by taut suturing of cornea and/or conjunctiva, in 10 per cent horizontal lines due to corneal bending during the extraction. The cornea was protected most effectively by healon (1% instilled once). Saline (4 or 5 instillations during the operation sufficed) protected equally well as gelatin sponge, methylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and a soft contact lens. The inferior conjunctiva was protected only by healon, the superior also by saline, gelatin sponge, and polyvinyl alcohol.
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PMID:Peroperative protection of cornea and conjunctiva. 731 14

We present the implementation of the indications for surgery for three surgical operations--cholecystectomy, cataract extraction, and knee arthroscopy--in a medical expert system, called Iliad. This implementation operates in the preauthorization service of IHC Health Plans (an insurance company in Salt Lake City) as a basis for reimbursement of services. Patient data collection forms, derived from Iliad knowledge base, were used by 13 participating surgeons to document the objective patient observations that justify the surgery and, then were faxed to IHC where a trained nurse input the data in Iliad. Iliad's decisions and reports on any deviations from guidelines are communicated back to the care provider. The study evaluates the impact of the computerized implementation on process, as measured by a questionnaire, and on outcome as measured by rate of approvals, documentation level, rate of requests, and average cost. The prospective implementation of the computerized guidelines has performed reliably, has been perceived as a preferred alternative to the old preauthorization system, and, most importantly, has enhanced significantly the level of documentation permitting evaluation and determination of appropriateness before surgery.
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PMID:Implementation of practice guidelines in a clinical setting using a computerized knowledge base (Iliad). 813 Apr 73

Assessment of ocular dimensions is essential for ophthalmic surgeons because these values must be determined before scheduling excimer laser refractive and cataract surgeries. Dry eye seems to affect central corneal thickness (CCT) values, but it is not clear if it affects anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), vitreous chamber depth (VCD) and axial length values. Following on from this, we measured the CCT, ACD, LT, VCD and axial length of 64 healthy eyes (51.20%) and 61 dry eyes (48.80%). CCT was measured with scanning-slit corneal topography (Orbscan Topography System II, Orbscan, Inc., Salt Lake City, UT, USA) and ACD, LT, VCD and axial length with a 10-MHz A-mode ultrasound device (Compuscan; Storz, St. Louis, MO, USA). There were no significant differences in ACD (P=0.588), LT (P=0.739), VCD (P=0.568) and axial length (P=0.199) between normal and dry eyes. Nevertheless, the differences in CCT between normal (549+/-34 microm) and dry eyes (527+/-30 microm) were significant (P<0.001). In sum, it seems that only the CCT values are significantly lower in subjects with dry eye.
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PMID:Differences in ocular dimensions between normal and dry eyes. 1647 60