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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effects of i.m. alfentanil and midazolam on anxiety, sedation, hemodynamics, oxygen saturation and intraocular pressure were studied in 90 patients scheduled for outpatient cataract surgery with regional anesthesia. The study was randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and performed on outpatients with ASA physical status I-III and mean age 67.7 +/- 11.7 years. Alfentanil (12.5 micrograms/kg) administered into the deltoid muscle had a marked anxiolytic and short sedative effect, and was associated with stable hemodynamics. Midazolam (20 micrograms/kg) administered similarly had a more prolonged anxiolytic and sedative effect, which impaired co-operation in some patients during surgery. The regional blockade was associated with a significant reduction of oxygen saturation (SpO2), regardless of the premedication used (P less than 0.05). A slight reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) was found after premedication, but the change was not statistically significant. We conclude that i.m. alfentanil is well tolerated, and its anxiolytic and short sedative effects make it especially suitable as premedication for day-case cataract surgery.
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PMID:Premedication for outpatient cataract surgery: a comparative study of intramuscular alfentanil, midazolam and placebo. 151 42

The effect on invasive and non-invasive oxygen, carbon dioxide and haemoglobin saturation measures of two repeated doses of alfentanil 0.5 microgram/kg were tested in 16 patients scheduled for elective cataract surgery under periocular anaesthesia. Alfentanil caused an acute respiratory depression, which was demonstrated as increased levels of arterial and end-tidal carbon dioxide and concomitant decrease in arterial and end-tidal oxygen levels as well as decreased arterial blood saturation and pulse oximeter readings. There was a good correlation between the non-invasive respiratory parameters and blood gas levels, as well as between pulse oximetry numbers and oxygen saturation of arterial blood. Therefore, hypoventilation and concurrent hypoxaemia can be predicted by monitoring end-tidal CO2.
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PMID:Comparison of non-invasive respiratory and arterial blood gas analysis. A recovery room study on acute respiratory depression. 212 59

Alfentanil, a short-acting congener of fentanyl, was studied as an analgesic sedative in monitored anesthetic care for outpatient cataract surgery with the intent of investigating efficacy in this setting and establishing dosage guidelines. Nineteen outpatients were studied, all of whom received droperidol 0.625 mg and midazolam 0.5 to 1.0 mg prior to a bolus dose of alfentanil preceding the administration of local anesthetic facial nerve and retrobulbar blocks. Alfentanil was titrated to achieve patient comfort during block administration, and sedatives were repeated as necessary intraoperatively. A mean alfentanil dose of 8.9 micrograms/kg was found to be effective. Eighteen patients (94%) rated the discomfort of local anesthetic blocks as absent or mild, and only 1 patient (5%) rated the blocks as severely painful. No severe cardiorespiratory or central nervous system side effects were observed, and 15% of patients were nauseated postoperatively despite droperidol administration. It can be concluded that alfentanil is an effective sedative in outpatient cataract surgery with minimal side effects reported in this clinical study.
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PMID:Monitored anesthetic care for outpatient cataract surgery with alfentanil. 228 18