Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This is the first case report of cataracts in patients with thalassemia major. Desferrioxamine, an iron-chelating agent is being used with increasing frequency in the treatment of transfusion-induced iron overload. There has been some concern in the literature about possible cataract formation with use of this drug. It is therefore important to document any lens opacities seen prior to administration of desferrioxamine, or record the appearance of lens opacities after its use. The possible eitology of these lens opacities is discussed.
 ...
PMID:Lens opacities in thalassemia. 73 45

In rabbit lenses subjected to oxidative stress, induced by 1 mM diquat in vitro, there were 7- to 10-fold increases (p less than 0.001) in malondialdehyde, conjugated dienes, and carbonyl dienes, indicating extensive peroxidation of cellular membrane lipids, and approximately a 60% decrease in reduced glutathione. In the presence of 0.1-5 mM Desferal-Mn(III) these changes were diminished by 50-70%. In an experimental group of 12 rabbits having diquat-induced cataract, Desferal-Mn(III) (5% w/v) applied topically as a 50-microliters eye drop four times per day and a single intraperitoneal dose of 64 mg/kg body wt daily for 5 weeks (including pretreatment for 1 week) retarded the progression of lens opacities, whereas, in a control group of 6 rabbits treated with the vehicle (0.15 M NaCl) cataract progressed to an advanced grade. Treatment with Desferal-Mn(III) also significantly diminished production of O2.- and OH. in the lens, aqueous humor, and vitreous humor, and of H2O2 in the aqueous humor and vitreous humor. It also suppressed lipid peroxidation and oxidation of protein-SH of the lens and restored lenticular glutathione and ascorbate to normal levels.
 ...
PMID:Desferal-Mn(III) in the therapy of diquat-induced cataract in rabbit. 165 36

Desferrioxamine is used for the treatment of chronic iron overload, acute iron poisoning, and certain anaemias. Ocular toxicity secondary to prolonged treatment with desferrioxamine may result in night blindness, visual field constriction, cataract, pigmentary retinopathy and optic neuropathy. To avoid such complications an ophthalmic screening has been suggested for patients taking desferrioxamine. We report an 81-year-old patient who developed irreversible ocular toxicity despite undergoing ophthalmic screening.
 ...
PMID:Desferrioxamine related maculopathy: a case report. 1528 75

Our purpose was to investigate the effects of exposure to high partial pressure of oxygen on lens optical quality and on the activities of lenticular catalase and Na, K-ATPase in culture and to examine the effect of zinc-desferrioxamine (Zn-DFO) addition to cultured lenses exposed to high oxygen partial pressure on these parameters. Bovine lenses, kept in organ culture, were exposed to different combinations of partial pressure of oxygen with and without addition of Zn-DFO complex (20 microM) and examined during a 14-day period. Lens optical quality, catalase, and Na, K-ATPase activity were compared between study and control groups. Two hundred lenses were included in the present study. Decreased lenticular optical quality and decreased catalase and Na, K-ATPase activities were observed in lenses exposed to hyperbaric oxygen. Lenses exposed to normobaric oxygen showed a reduction in these parameters to a lesser degree. The damaging optical and enzymatic effects of oxygen on lenses in culture increased in magnitude along the culture period. Addition of Zn-DFO to the culture just before the exposure to hyperbaric oxygen eliminated most of the optical and enzymatic oxygen-induced damage. Addition of Zn-DFO after the first exposure demonstrated reduction in the oxidative damage induced reduction of optical quality in a time-dependent manner - the later the addition of Zn-DFO took place the smaller the protective effect observed. High oxygen load has toxic effects on bovine lenses in organ culture conditions as determined by optical parameters as well as reduction of catalase and Na, K-ATPase activities. These toxic effects can be attenuated by introducing Zn-DFO just before lenses are exposed to oxygen. The beneficial effect of Zn-DFO, applied after lenses have been exposed to hyperbaric oxygen, on the oxidative damage was time-dependent - the earlier the application the more significant the observed protective effect. The present results may indicate a possible future role for Zn-DFO as a protective agent against oxygen-induced human cataract formation.
 ...
PMID:Zinc-desferrioxamine reduces damage to lenses exposed to hyperbaric oxygen and has an ameliorative effect on catalase and Na, K-ATPase activities. 1717 2