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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Many years after cataract extraction, blunt trauma ruptured limbal wounds in five eyes. Filtrations followed minor trauma in three patients, and occurred spontaneously in two others. Limbal wounds do not regain the tensile strength of adjacent normal stroma and may be further weakened by tissue incarcerations, vascularization, and other defects. Histologic studies after cataract extraction also reveal minimal collagen bridging of the stromal wound in some human eyes. Diagnosis and clinical significance are discussed.
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PMID:Late wound separation after cataract extraction. 74 Mar 69

The tissue reaction, absorption, and handling properties of Dexon synthetic absorbable sutures, which are made from polymerized hydroxyacetic acid, were compared with those of silk and collagen in 51 eye operations, consisting mainly of cataract extractions and squint corrections. There was no significant difference between the sutures as regards degree of tissue reaction. The Dexon sutures were very strong and the knots held well. The sizes used in this series were found to be a little too thick and stiff for use in micro-surgery; smaller sizes would be easier to use and still remain strong enough. The Dexon was reliably absorbed in 5 weeks on average. No serious adverse reactions were seen with any of the sutures. Dexon was as well tolerated as the control sutures but had the advantage over silk of being absorbed and over collagen of containing no foreign protein.
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PMID:Comparative trial of Dexon (polyglycolic acid), collagen, and silk sutures in ophthalmic surgery. 76 26

A new synthetic absorbable suture, a copolymer of two simple hydroxy acids, glycolic acid and lactic acid, was evaluated in a laboratory and clinical study for its usefulness in ophthalmic surgery. The glycolactide was compared with chromic collagen of similar size. The 8/0 glycolactide showed 30% greater initial strength than 8/0 chromic collagen. Following implantation of the suture in rabbit corneas, the suture was removed at intervals and its rupture strength tested. At the end of 1 week the glycolactide retined over 90% of its initial rupture strength while chromic collagen had lost nearly 50% of its strength. After 10 days the strength of the glycolactide tended to fall rapidly and by day 21 the suture had negligible strength and began to absorb, completely disappearing by 7 weeks. Chromic collagen tended to remain in situ for many weeks although possessing negligible rupture strength. The 8/0 glycolactide was compared with 8/0 chromic collagen in suturing corneoscleral wounds of 45 consecutive patients undergoing routine cataract surgery. Handling qualities were judged and the eyes followed post-operatively to ascertain reaction to the sutures and time of final disappearance of the sutures from the eyes. The glycolactide showed no tendency to disappear from the wounds until after the fourth week. By the end of 9 weeks all the glycolactide sutures had disappeared. Chromic collagen, on the other hand, was more variable, some sutures disappearing as early as the third week while others remained in place essentially unchanged for more than 20 weeks. Neither glycolactide nor chromic collagen showed any tendency to excite reaction in the eyes and the incidence of complications was low.
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PMID:Laboratory and clinical evaluation of a new synthetic absorbable suture for ophthalmic surgery. 79 Sep 10

Four cases of epithelial downgrowth following cataract surgery were studied by electron microscopy. The invading epithelium was excised by posterior keratectomy, iridectomy, and vitrectomy. Diagnostic photocoagulation on the iris was performed before the operations in all cases. Multilayered epithelium on these tissues showed ultrastructural features similar to conjunctival epithelium, and in the cornea no intact endothelial cells were identified. A subepithelial connective tissue of varying grades of development was present between the downgrowth epithelium and Descemet's membrane. The basal epithelial cells on the vitreous contained numerous dense granules, and a thick basement membrane-like layer was found underneath. Changes attributable to photocoagulation included partial replacement of the iris pigment epithelium with macrophages, degeneration of blood vessels, and marked swelling and dissociation of collagen fibrils in the iris stroma due to splitting into longitudinal filamentous components. Identical changes of collagen fibrils could be reproduced in the rabbits iris after experimental photocoagulation.
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PMID:Electron microscopy of epithelial downgrowth. 90 Jul 28

The eyes of an 81-year-old man were obtained three and ten days after intracapsular extractions had been made through limbal incisions under limbal-based flaps of conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule. The wounds were closed with 7-0 chromic collagen. Before death from bronchopneumonia, the patient developed bilateral filtrations in association with violent coughing spells. In both specimens, the healing processes of the conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule were advanced, confining the escaping aqueous humor to the subepithelial tissues of the flap. In contrast, the stromal wounds were still inert in accordance with our earlier observations that these wounds are precariously weak during the first two weeks after surgery. In cataract surgery, flaps including both conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule should be prepared and closed to support the slower healing stromal wound. Prevention of filtrations is not a simple matter of using many sutures. This patient's eyes demonstrated that improperly placed or too tightly tied sutures may be directly responsible for leaking wounds.
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PMID:Unintentional filtration after cataract surgery. 109 13

A new synthetic absorbable suture for ophthalmic surgery--glycolactide--was proved superior to chromic collagen in rupture strength and more predictable absorption time in laboratory and clinical studies. The 8-0 glycolactide showed 30% greater initial strength than 8-0 chromic collagen. One week after implantation in rabbit corneas, the glycolactide retained over 90% of its initial rupture strength, while chromic collagen had lost nearly 50% of its strength. After ten days the strength of the glycolactide fell rapidly. By day 21 it began to be absorbed, completely disappearing by seven weeks. Chromic collagen tended to remain in situ longer, although possessing negligible rupture strength. The two materials were compared in suturing comeoscleral wounds of 45 consecutive patients undergoing routine cataract operation. The glycolactide began to disappear only after the fourth week, completely disappearing after nine weeks. Chromic collagen was more variable, some sutures disappearing as early as the third week, while others remained in place for over 20 weeks. Neither suture material excited reaction in the eyes, and the incidence of complications was low.
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PMID:A new synthetic absorbable suture for ophthalmic surgery: laboratory and clinical evaluation. 127 16

Collagen type I was immobilized onto a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) plate by covalent bonding following surface modification by two methods. One method introduced amino groups by aminolysis with N-lithioethylenediamine (PMMA-NH2) and the other introduced carboxyl groups by graft copolymerization of acrylic acid (AAc) and acrylamide (AAm) (PMMA-COOH). Lens epithelial rabbit cells were cultured on the PMMA plate which was immobilized with collagen. Polygonal cells with a mosaic appearance were observed on the PMMA-COOH plate immobilized with collagen type I, whereas pleomorphic cells were present on the virgin PMMA and on the PMMA-NH2 plate immobilized with collagen type I. We concluded the PMMA-COOH plate immobilized with collagen type I provided a more comfortable atmosphere for lens epithelial cells, causing no metaplasia, than the other plates used in this cell culture model experiment.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1992 Jul
PMID:In vitro evaluation of biocompatibility of surface-modified poly(methyl methacrylate) plate with rabbit lens epithelial cells. 150 Oct 95

We report the etiological profile and management with simple patch, tarsorrhaphies, conjunctival flaps, tissue adhesive, or penetrating keratoplasty of 104 chronic corneal perforations in a North India population. Chronic corneal perforations were observed in infective keratitis, degenerative keratolysis, neurotrophic keratitis, chemical burns, dry eyes, collagen vascular diseases, and following cataract extraction. A two-stage tissue adhesive application and adhesive-assisted debridement of epithelial lining at the cornea surface of perforation were important factors in healing. Although penetrating keratoplasties brought comparable anatomical and functional success in these cases, in developing countries, where facilities for keratoplasty and availability of corneal donor is poor, detection and management of small perforations in diseased cornea with tissue adhesive is recommended.
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PMID:Chronic corneal perforations. 151 36

An immunohistochemical study of type I collagen in deposits on the surface of two intraocular lenses (IOLs) explanted from human eyes was conducted. Type I collagen-immunoreactive proteinaceous deposits with cells were found around the haptics of an iris-supported IOL. A few such deposits and what appeared to be macrophages were observed on the optic. A few cells (presumably macrophages and giant cells) were observed on a posterior chamber IOL, whereas proteinaceous deposits that reacted positively to the antibody were not identified. Type I collagen-immunoreactive deposits on the iris-supported IOL were thought to be the products of fibroblastic cells, originating from iris tissue, that attached directly to the haptics and helped stabilize the implant.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1992 Mar
PMID:Collagenous deposits on explanted intraocular lenses. 156 62

A 56-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis underwent intracapsular cataract extraction and sulcus fixation of an intraocular lens using transscleral fixation sutures buried under partial-thickness scleral flaps. Necrotizing scleritis confined to the area of the scleral flaps developed one month postoperatively, resulting in exposure and loosening of one fixation suture and lens implant decentration. The scleritis responded to systemic prednisone and cyclophosphamide treatment, with healing in two weeks. The final visual acuity was 20/30. Surgical trauma may stimulate local intravascular immune complex deposition and initiate the inflammatory process, thereby leading to necrotizing scleritis. This process should be considered when contemplating the use of scleral flaps in patients with collagen vascular disease and systemic vasculitis.
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PMID:Necrotizing scleritis of scleral flaps after transscleral suture fixation of an intraocular lens. 157 26


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