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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chemical injury to the eye is still an important cause of blindness and serious complications in Benin City, Nigeria. Twelve patients were seen with chemical injury to the eye over a five year period. They were all male patients. Ten were assault cases and two were accidental cases. The most common injurious agent was ammonia. Complications seen were corneal opacification in ten patients, symblepharon in nine patients, entropion, ectropion, cataract and staphyloma developed in some of the patients. There were four cases of bilateral blindness and six cases of unilateral blindness. Late presentation to hospital and failure to initiate adequate first aid treatment were contributing factors to the poor outcome. Health education of the public about the importance of prompt, prolonged irrigation of the chemically injured eye and early presentation to the hospital is advised.
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PMID:Chemical injuries to the eye in Benin City, Nigeria. 1082 Oct 91

A population-based survey of the prevalence and cause of blindness and poor vision was conducted in the Republic of Benin in 1990 using a stratified cluster random sampling procedure. The survey was designed and implemented through the collaboration of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Benin and the Programme for the Prevention of Blindness of the World Health Organization (WHO/PBL). Survey data were analyzed at the International Centre for Eye Health, Institute of Ophthalmology, University of London, United Kingdom. In accordance with the procedures recommended by WHO/PBL, 7272 individuals were recruited and 7047 were examined. The survey achieved excellent coverage in all locations with an overall coverage of 96.9%. The prevalence of blindness (visual acuity less than 3/60 in the better eye) was 0.6% (CI95% = 0.4%-0.9%). The prevalence of poor vision (best vision less than 6/60 but not blind in the better eye) was estimated at 2.6% (CI95% = 2.1%-3.1%). The major causes of blindness were age-related cataract and glaucoma (54% and 15% respectively of blind people recruited). The major cause of poor vision were cataract, refractive errors, and macular disorders (64%, 9.6%, and 9.0% respectively of people recruited with poor vision. The survey results indicate that there is an urgent need for basic eye care services. Cataract has been designated as a priority target in the recently designed National Blindness Prevention Programme now being implemented in the Republic of Benin. With proper management of this problem, the current prevalence of blindness and poor vision could be reduced by at least 45%. At the end of this cluster study, the design effect (D = 1.56) and rate of homogeneity (ROH = 0.002) were computed for an average number of 250 people per cluster.
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PMID:[Blindness in Benin]. 1090 74

This report presents a case of marble intraocular foreign body that developed toxic complications during surgery. The patient is a 25 years old male who presented to the University of Benin Teaching Hospital with a history of trauma to the right eye while cutting marble. He was examined, had an ocular ultrasound scan and subsequently had an extracapsular cataract extraction. His visual acuity in the right eye was light perception. There was an entry point on the cornea, the lens was opaque, there was vitreous haemorrhage and the intraocular foreign body was localized in the posterior part of the posterior segment by ultrasound scan. He had extracapsular cataract extraction. During anterior capsulotomy, the cornea suddenly and rapidly became cloudy with a brownish tinge and the corneal epithelium started desquamating.Marble on its own may not be toxic but the other chemicals including cement, used in the processing of the marble were responsible for this delayed toxicity. Ultrasound scan is valuable in localisation of intraocular foreign bodies.
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PMID:An unusual case of marble intraocular foreign body. 2037 29