Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The changes in the corneal endothelium at the centre of the cornea were followed after intracapsular cataract extraction and penetrating keratoplasty, by means of specular microscopy and morphometry using a computerized image analyzer. The corneal endothelium undergoes progressive transformation in its size over a period of more than 1 year. In penetrating keratoplasty, progressive increase in the cell size appears to occur over a longer postoperative period. The injury to the iris leaves permanent tissue defects and this is due to insufficient fibroblastic activity of the iris. Iris injury probably initiates synthesis of prostaglandins (PGs) in the human eyes. Topical indomethacin prevents atropine-resistant miosis during aspiration of soft cataract and also reduces intraocular inflammation after intracapsular extraction of senile cataract. It is hypothesized that these responses are related to PG release induced by iris injuries. Topical indomethacin also reduces incidence and severity of the cystoid macular oedema after intracapsular cataract extraction, but systemic administration appears to have little effect. Indomethacin is accumulated in the ciliary processes of rabbits by temperature- and ouabain-sensitive processes and the accumulation is inhibited by probenecid and PGE. It is possible that indomethacin is subject to elimination from the eye by a similar process as are PGs, and this may account for poor intraocular penetration from the systemic route. This justifies topical application of this drug.
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PMID:Injuries to the iris and corneal endothelium in intraocular surgeries. 678 19

In order to study the inflammatory response after cataract surgery and intraocular lens implantation the leukocyte (WBC) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) levels in aqueous humor were measured in rabbit eyes at different time points (1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days) postoperatively. In the first group lenses were implanted in the anterior chamber of the eye, without lens extraction, while in the second group the lens was removed and the IOL was placed in the capsular bag. A third group of animals was injected with 10 ng endotoxin into the vitreous in order to induce an inflammation of the uvea. In the endotoxin group high levels of WBC and PGE(2) were observed at 24 h postoperatively, followed by a decrease over time. In the intraocular lens groups WBC and PGE(2) were detected at all time points, and at higher levels compared to the endotoxin group. The WBC was high at day 1 and 3, declined over time, and then increased at day 28 postoperatively. The PGE(2) level was highest at day 3 in rabbits with anterior chamber lenses, while it peaked at day 7 in the animals with IOLs implanted in the capsular bag. In animals with the extracapsular lens extraction without an implanted IOL, the levels of WBC and PGE(2) decreased over time, and were statistically lower after one week compared with animals with an IOL placed in the capsular bag. The results demonstrate that the inflammatory response after cataract surgery persists for at least one month, probably due to surgical trauma and foreign body reactions. PGE(2) and WBC could be used to study postoperative trauma and biocompatibility of different IOL materials and designs.
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PMID:PGE(2) and leucocyte levels in aqueous humor after lens extraction and intraocular lens implantation. 2282 7