Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

For more than ten years, we have successfully been using fibrinolysin for the treatment of total traumatic hyphaemas. Recently that enzyme was applied in 2 cases of total hyphaema with secondary glaucoma after cataract extraction and the results were excellent.
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PMID:[Treatment of traumatic postoperative total hyphaemas (author's transl)]. 14 62

Effects of instillations of proteinase inhibitors and autologous fibronectin on the course of regeneration processes in corneal epithelial defects were studied in patients after perforating and lamellar keratoplasty, cataract extraction, trabecul- and vitrectomy. Proteinase inhibitors contrykal or gordox were administered to these patients to neutralize increased activity of lacrimal plasmin-like enzymes which was 899.3 +/- 80.8 rel. U on day 1 of observation vs. 50.72 +/- 7.73 in normal subjects. Contrykal (gordox) helped significantly reduce these enzymes activities in patients with corneal epithelial defects in comparison with the control group as soon as during the first days of the observation. Combined use of contrykal (gordox) and autologous fibronectin helped attain complete epithelialization in all the patients in 12.3 +/- 1.7 days (47.9 +/- 6.3 days in controls).
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PMID:[Inhibitors of plasmin-like enzymes and autofibronectin in the treatment of corneal epithelial defects]. 750 65

Tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), a serine protease that catalyzes the conversion from plasminogen to plasmin, plays an important role in the fibrinolytic system and has also in recent years attracted attention in the field of ophthalmology. In order to examine the role of t-PA in the physiology of the anterior segment, we detected t-PA in aqueous humor by using immunoassays. The samples were taken by keratocentesis prior to cataract or glaucoma surgery. The sample volumes ranged from 50-200 microliters. The quantities of t-PA Ag and plasminogen-activator inhibitor (PAI) Ag were determined by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. We determined t-PA and PAI in the aqueous humor of 54 patients between 32 and 87 years of age. The t-PA Ag levels ranged from 0.2 to 1.9 ng/ml (average 0.8 ng/ml), PAI-Ag from 0.2 to 1.7 ng/ml (average 0.9 ng/ml). The values measured in men were slightly higher than those measured in women. No association between t-PA and PAI levels and accompanying diseases or metabolic disorders was noted. Precise knowledge about the presence of t-PA in aqueous humor is a prerequisite for the recognition of pathological events following intraocular fibrin formation and may be an important basis for the therapeutic use of rt-PA in the intraocular inflammatory process.
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PMID:[Plasminogen activator and PAI. Detection in aqueous humor of the human eye]. 844 55

Physiotherapy was administered to 84 patients aged 59-78 years with toxic allergic reaction in the eye after extracapsular cataract extraction with implantation of intraocular lenses (IOL). The patients were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 (n = 15) were treated by fibrinolysin magnetophoresis, group 2 (n = 17) lidase magnetophoresis, group 3 (n = 28) lecozyme magnetophoresis, and group 4 (n = 24) collalysin magnetophoresis. Treatment started on days 3-5 after surgery. Magnetophoresis was carried out using Russian Gradient-1 device, generating a low-frequency magnetic field of 10-12 mT, 10-12 min exposure. For patients with pronounced iridocyclitis and uveitis, enzyme magnetophoresis was supplemented with atropine, adrenalin, and calcium chloride electrophoresis (with monitoring the pupil size). Comprehensive treatment resulted in complete resolution of exudation in the anterior and posterior segments of the eye, hypopyon, loosening and resorption of anterior and posterior synechiae, the vitreous body grew more transparent, visual acuity improved in 91.1% patients (coarse dystrophic changes in the central zone of the fundus oculi were detected in 8.9%). Magnetophoresis with fibrinolysin and lidase is most effective in patients with toxic allergic reaction during the early periods after cataract extraction with IOL implantation, while in later periods magnetophoresis with lecozyme and collalysin should be preferred. The efficacy of collalysin is not inferior to that of lecozyme, but its effect is more mild and the drug causes no allergic reactions. Magnetophoresis with mydriatics (with monitoring the pupil size) and calcium chloride is recommended for all cases.
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PMID:[The efficacy of using enzymes in treating toxic-allergic reactions after cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation]. 986 79

Triethylene thiophosphoramide, an alkylating agent of value as a palliative in cases of neoplastic disease and reticulosis, has been effective in preventing vascularization of the cornea when used locally. Since recurrent pterygium, a persistent clinical problem, particularly in the Western states, is preceded by corneal vascularization and fibroplastic proliferation, it is possible that this drug when used topically may be useful in obviating to some extent the use of radiation, which must be used with great caution to avoid the production of cataract. In the treatment of gram-negative bacterial infection, especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the drug colistin has been known to be effective in some cases which were not helped by other antibiotics, including polymixin B. In the field of virus infections, a major breakthrough may have come about by the discovery that 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine (IDU) attacks the herpes cirrus in the cornea as a metabolic antagonist. Animal experiments and some clinical studies have confirmed its effectiveness as compared with other therapeutic measures in selected cases. In the treatment of ocular problems resulting from systemic disease fibrinolysin (plasmin) has apparently caused dissolution of the clot and restoration of circulation in some cases of retinal artery occlusion. Severe diabetic retinopathy in younger diabetic patients has been shown to regress in certain cases treated by hypophysectomy or radiation of the pituitary gland employing the cyclotron. This gland is also associated intimately with the exophthalmos of thyroid origin, and its action may be aggravated by the use of ACTH or steroids.
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PMID:Recent developments in ocular therapeutics. 1399 13

Densitometric methods for analyzing the images obtained at biomicroscopy were used to study the transparency of the spatium retrolentalis, membrana hialoidea anterior, and pars retrolenticularis of the vitreous body of 45 eyes after cataract phacoemulsification. In half the patients, the optical density in these structures has shown to increase as compared with the normal values, which is mainly associated with the opacity of the vitreous body and the increased destruction of its tracts. The results of drug treatment and a role of additional therapy with plasmin and collagenase activators in the complete rehabilitation of patients after surgical cataract treatment are discussed.
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PMID:[Densitometric analysis of changes in the vitreous body after cataract extraction]. 1692 84

Various pharmacologic vitreolysis agents, including hyaluronidase, urea, plasmin, dispase, tissue plasminogen activator and chondroitinase have been tested. Pharmacologic vitreolysis can avoid the complications of surgery such as cataract, endophthalmitis, retinal hemorrhage, tear or detachment, and anesthesia related complications. Hyaluronan is a major macromolecule of vitreous. It is a long, unbranched polymer of repeating disaccharide (glucuronic acid beta (1,3)-N-acetylglucosamine) moieties linked by beta 1-4 bonds. Hyaluronan is covalently linked to a protein core, to form a proteoglycan. It plays a pivotal role in stabilizing the vitreous gel. Hyaluronidase cleaves glycosidic bonds of hyaluronic acid and, to a variable degree, other acid mucopolysaccharides of the connective tissue. Dissolution of the hyaluronic acid and collagen complex results in decreased viscosity of the extracellular matrix. This in turn increases the diffusion rate of erythrocytes and exudates along with phagocytes through the vitreous and facilitates red blood cell lysis and phagocytosis.
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PMID:Hyaluronidase for pharmacologic vitreolysis. 1949 48