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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The current state of cataract surgery for the millennium may be stated as "minimally invasive techniques." This review presents recent articles on the perioperative use of antibiotics (primarily fluoroquinolones), nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (Voltaren and ketorolac), and new corticosteroids (rimexolone and loteprednol etabonate). Preoperative topical application of ofloxacin or ciprofloxacin results in a satisfactory minimal inhibitory concentration for most pathogens. However, one cannot determine the actual effect of intraoperative antibiotics on acute postoperative endophthalmitis, because of its low overall incidence. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, especially Voltaren, may offer equivalent antiinflammatory efficacy (for both postoperative inflammation and cystoid macular edema) without the typically corticosteroid-associated adverse events. Rimexolone and loteprednol etabonate, two new corticosteroids, may offer good antiinflammatory efficacy with greatly reduced risk for elevation of intraocular pressure.
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PMID:Preoperative and postoperative medications used for cataract surgery. 1038 16

Before cataract surgery at our institution, we traditionally dilated the pupils with 5 drops: proparacaine 0.5%, cyclopentolate 1%, phenylephrine 2.5%, flurbiprofen sodium 0.03% (Ocufen), and ofloxacin 0.3% (Ocuflox) at 15-minute intervals given 3 times. This was work intensive for the nursing staff. Since September 2000, we have used a wick soaked in a dilating mixture containing cyclopentolate 1%, phenylephrine 2.5%, diclofenac sodium 0.1% (Voltaren), and Ocuflox. Use of the wick has been beneficial and time saving to hospital staff.
J Cataract Refract Surg 2003 Nov
PMID:Use of a wick to deliver preoperative mydriatics for cataract surgery. 1547 90

Twenty-eight eyes of 26 age-matched patients who had planned extracapsular cataract extraction with or without intraocular lens implantation were enrolled into a double blind randomised actively controlled study of 2 groups. Each group of 14 eyes was assigned to receive 0.1% diclofenac sodium (Naclof) eye drops or 1% prednisolone acetate eye suspension. The patients received either 0.1% Diclofenac sodium eye drops or 1.0% prednisolone acetate eye suspension four times a day as their post operative anti-inflammatory medication for a period of four weeks. No significant difference was noticed in the subjective assessment of pain and conjunctival injection in the 28 days follow-up period except day 1 in the diclofenac sodium group (0.05> p >0.01). Other measured objective variables of inflammation such as anterior chamber cells and flare showed no significant difference from the 3rd-28th postoperative days (0.05< p > 0.20). The result demonstrated that 0.1% diclofenac sodium eye drops was as effective as 1% prednisolone acetate eye suspension in the control of postoperative inflammation after cataract surgery, and could serve as a viable alternative to topical steroids in Nigerians who are steroid responders.
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PMID:Clinical trial of diclofenac sodium (Naclof) eye drops on Nigerians. 1562 54

We report a case of corneal melting associated with topically applied preservative-free diclofenac (Voltaren Ofta) after laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy. Keratolysis was detected on day 5; further progression toward perforation was arrested by immediate suspension of diclofenac and prescription of topical dexamethasone with 24-hour patching. At the last follow-up, the visual acuity had improved from counting fingers to 20/20. Preservative-free diclofenac instillation had never been associated with keratolysis. Topical steroids may be useful in treating corneal melting associated with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.
J Cataract Refract Surg 2006 Sep
PMID:Corneal melting associated with topical diclofenac use after laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy. 1693 Dec 76

Diclofenac sodium as ophthalmic dosage form is used for the treatment of the pain, swelling and redness of patients' eyes recovering from cataract surgery; however, it faces the bioavailability limitation of eye drops due to effective protective mechanisms and corneal barrier functions in the eyes. Therefore, this investigation was aimed to develop ocular film formulations to achieve controlled drug release. Drug films were prepared using polymers, namely hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), Eudragit RL PO, and Eudragit RS PO by solvent casting method considering parameters such as drug: polymer ratio, different polymer combinations as well as plasticizer effect. Ocular films were evaluated for various physicochemical parameters such as physical characters, film thickness, uniformity of weight, drug content, swelling index, mucoadhesion time and in-vitro release study. Ocular films complied with all physicochemical parameters underwent in-vitro release study. Finally, the film formulation with HPMC: Eudragit RS PO 1:1 ratio, Drug: Polymer ratio 1:45 and glycerin as plasticizer showed controlled and prolonged release following the zero order and non-Fickian transport.
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PMID:Design and Evaluation of Ocular Controlled Delivery System for Diclofenac Sodium. 2618 2


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