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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two men with recent history of lightining strike were referred to our hospital. Both patients complained of metamorphosia in one eye and reduced visual acuity. Funduscopy revealed target-like alterations at the fovea. Fluorescein angiography showed window defects of the central retinal pigment epithelium in both patients. One patient developed an anterior subcapsular cataract. If the eye is part of the current-circuit, the melanin granules of the iris, pigment epithelium, and choroid might act as a resistor. The resulting accumulation of heat may lead to damage of the surrounding tissues.
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PMID:Macular damage following lightning strikes. 749 32

The authors evaluated ocular involvement in 23 patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA) according to ARA criteria. Slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination showed signs of keratoconjunctivitis sicca in one patient (4%), while a positive bilateral Schirmer test was found in six subjects (26%). Fluorescein angiography, carried out in 11 of the 23 RA patients, showed retinal vasculitis in 18% of the patients examined, even if no clinical and ophthalmoscopic signs of retinal vessel inflammation were present. The authors suggest that fluorescein angiography should be performed in patients affected by particularly active RA, with recent onset of the disease (< 12 months), high titres of classical IgM rheumatoid factor and raised concentrations of circulating immune complexes. The study confirmed moreover the uncommon ocular toxicity related to the drugs frequently employed in RA treatment (antimalarials, gold salts, glucocorticoids). Indeed, only one case (4%) of posterior subcapsular cataract clearly related to steroid therapy was found.
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PMID:[Ocular involvement in rheumatoid arthritis]. 847 10

Postoperative onset or aggravation of cystoid macular oedema (CMO) in diabetic patients after extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation is a frequent problem. At present little is known about the occurrence and prognosis of this complication in diabetics with no clinically detectable diabetic retinopathy (DR). Twenty five diabetic eyes (24 subjects) without DR and 45 normal eyes (44 subjects) were studied before surgery and 30, 90, 180, 360 days after ECCE and posterior chamber IOL implantation. Fluorescein angiography was performed at each examination. The frequency of angiographic CMO in the two groups was comparable 30 days after surgery but was significantly higher in diabetic eyes at 90, 180, and 360 days. This finding is probably related to an impairment of the blood-retinal barrier in diabetics. Final visual acuity, however, was similar in the two groups.
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PMID:Cystoid macular oedema after extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation in diabetic patients without retinopathy. 849 52

A 67-year-old diabetic man suffered from right neovascular glaucoma following the ipsilateral cataract surgery. Three years later, he underwent left cataract surgery and again developed left neovascular glaucoma after the operation. Fluorescein angiogram showed a marked delay in retinal circulation. Moreover, severe stenosis of bilateral carotid origins and reflux of bilateral ophthalmic arteries were ascertained by neurosonographical examination such as duplex cervical echography and transcranial Doppler, as well as an angiogram. Brain imaging demonstrated asymptomatic watershed infarction in the left parieto-occipital cortex. Chronic ocular ischemia caused by carotid stenosis is one of the decisive risk factors for secondary glaucoma after cataract surgery. Preoperative neurosonographical screening tests are required to decrease ocular surgery complications, especially in the aged, and diabetic patients.
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PMID:[A diabetic patient with bilateral carotid stenosis who developed neovascular glaucoma following cataract surgery]. 856 40

Neovascular glaucoma is the final complication of diabetic proliferative retinopathies. Its incidence had significantly reduced during these last ten years owing to the improvement of the management of diabetic patients and systematic panretinal photocoagulation for the treatment of these proliferative retinopathies. Contrary to the other causes of neovascular glaucomas, its evolution is usually capricious, bilateral and its delay of appearance may be quite variable. Vitrectomy--when non associated to peroperative endoretinal photocoagulation--and cataract extraction--mainly intracapsular cataract extraction--increase significantly the incidence of this complication. Fluorescein angiography of the anterior segment and fluorescein gonio-angiography may be contributive to the diagnosis of early rubeosis iridis and/or to evaluation of the efficacy of panretinal photocoagulation. Its management must remain as conservative as possible. It lies upon panretinal photocoagulation and/or cryoablation, both representing the preventive and the curative treatment of this secondary glaucoma. Secondarily a filtering procedure associated with antimetabolites or an anterior chamber drainage implant may be discussed individually if necessary and according to the residual visual function.
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PMID:[Neovascular glaucoma in the diabetic patient]. 858 Dec 26

A 19-year-old female manifested severe bilateral panuveitis with neovascularization in the iris, optic disc, and retina. Fluorescein fundus angiography showed dye leakage from the optic disc and retinal blood vessels, and a large non-perfused area was present in the peripheral retina of the right eye. Sarcoidosis was diagnosed histologically by conjunctival and skin biopsy. Although the patient was given a large dose of a corticosteroid systemically and received panretinal photocoagulation, a dense vitreous hemorrhage and cataract were apparent in the right eye. The right visual acuity decreased to hand motions. A pars plana lensectomy and vitrectomy were performed. After vitrectomy, inflammation and neovascularization regressed and the visual acuity improved to 20/100. Proliferative membrane obtained during vitrectomy was histopathologically studied by light and electron microscopy. Many new vessels containing neutrophils were observed. A direct effect of inflammation as well as ischemia in the retina may have been the stimulus for the proliferative changes.
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PMID:[A case of sarcoidosis with proliferative retinopathy]. 920 43

Three cases of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) with decreased visual acuity were reported. Case 1 was a 50-year-old man, case 2 a 60-year old woman, and case 3 a 66-year-old woman. They all had vertical gaze palsy and unexplained falls, and were diagnosed as PSP by NINDS-SPSP clinical criteria. All cases had symptoms of difficulty in vision; therefore, detailed ophthalmological tests were performed. Ophthalmoscopic findings of macula revealed atrophy in case 1 and 2, and brownish discoloration in case 3. Fluorescein fundus angiography done in case 1 showed abnormal staining at the macula. Multifocal electroretinography performed in case 3 showed absence of big response in the macula. These results indicated macular degeneration. None of three cases had cataract. And visual evoked potentials of case 2 and 3 showed prolonged P100 latency. From these results, we suspected that decreased visual acuity of our cases were due to macular degeneration and difficulty to catch the object at the fovea because of gaze palsy. There had been no reports of macular degeneration with PSP, but we might have overlooked these findings, because of dementia, gaze palsy, and apraxia of lid opening. The possibility of macular degeneration is raised as a part of neurological signs is PSP.
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PMID:[Progressive supranuclear palsy with macular degeneration--report of three cases]. 929 27

This technique is for use in eyes with mature or hypermature cataract resulting in lack of fundus reflex during capsulorhexis. Fluorescein staining is performed before the capsulorhexis is made. A blue filter in the coaxial light accentuates the remaining rim of bright blue fluorescence and aids in exact formation of the anterior opening. Seven eyes with a postoperative visual acuity of light perception had surgery using this technique. Visual acuity ranged from 20/200 to 20/20 up to 3 months postoperatively. No untoward reaction to the fluorescein was observed; however, the long ultrasound exposure for very hard nuclei (up to 4 minutes) caused corneal edema in two eyes. This technique is regularly used in all eyes with insufficient fundus reflex caused by lens opacity or vitreous disease.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1998 Jan
PMID:Fluorescein blue, light-assisted capsulorhexis for mature or hypermature cataract. 976 85

We examined 65 (61 female and 4 male) Takayasu patients. Patient age ranged from 17 to 78 years old (mean 50.2); age of onset was from 11 to 60 years old (mean 32.8); and duration from onset to referral ranged from 1 month to 43 years (mean 16.8 years). Routine ophthalmological examinations were performed. Fluorescein angiography, kinetic perimetry by Goldmann perimetry, static perimetry by Octopus 1-2-3, electroretinography (ERG), and measurements of central retinal arterial pressure were also performed, as appropriate. Major causes of impaired visual acuity (less than 16/20) were cataract. A few patients had low visual acuity caused by Takayasu disease itself. On the other hand, although not many complained of visual disturbance, about 35% of patients had subnormal visual functions. Because the visual deterioration may be based on ocular hypoperfusion, which may subsequently lead to more serious changes, regular ophthalmological examination for every Takayasu disease patient is recommended.
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PMID:Ophthalmological findings in patients with Takayasu disease. 995 14

We report a case of a persistent hyaloid artery in a 69 year old man. The exam of the right eye and the anterior segment of the left eye disclosed a mild cataract. Fundus examination of the left eye revealed a persistent hyaloid artery emerging from the optic disc, surrounded by primary vitreous on its anterior end, inserting on the nasal pre equatorial retina. Macular ectopia and sectorial chorioretinal atrophy were also present. Fluorescein angiography disclosed a permeable and tight hyaloid artery. There were no macular or optic nerve anomalies precluding visual acuity. After phakoemulsification, the patient regained a visual acuity of 0.9 on the left eye.
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PMID:[Persistence of a functional hyaloid artery in an adult. Apropos of a case]. 1022 Nov 96


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