Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Induction of intraoperative pupillary constriction, is predominantly a prostaglandin mediated process. The most potent antiprostaglandin NSAID, Flurbiprofen was used topically to study its efficacy against the above. In a prospective double blind clinical study, 50 brown eyes undergoing planned E.C.C.E., the pupils were dilated with 10% phenylephrine and 2% homatropine 1%/tropicamide. 25 eyes received 0.03% Flurbiprofen-Na+ eye drops 1/2 hourly starting two hours before surgery. The maintained intraoperative mydriasis in the two groups before anterior chamber entry (stage I) vs at the end of complete cortex wash (stage III) was: in control group (stage I) 8.46 +/- 0.48 mm vs (stage III) 3.56 +/- 0.43 mm (highly SS); in flurbiprofen group (stage I) 8.60 +/- 0.48 mm vs (stage III) 8.01 +/- 0.63 mm (NSS). The pupillary area available for surgical manipulation in the control group was significantly decreased from 56.18 mm2 in state I to 9.94 mm2 in stage III, while in flurbiprofen group it changed insignificantly from 58.05 mm2 in stage I to 50.24 mm2 in stage III. Postoperatively after cataract was observed in 44% eyes of control group as compared to only 8% of eyes of flurbiprofen group. Thus a maintained intraoperative mydriasis in flurbiprofen group led to better E.C.L.E. which is a mandatory prerequisite to preferred and better present day posterior chamber IOL implantation.
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PMID:Preoperative topical flurbiprofen-Na+ in extracapsular lens extraction role in maintaining intraoperative pupillary dilatation. 130 Mar 1

Surgically induced miosis (SIM) frequently occurs during extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE). A randomized clinical trial was performed to evaluate the effect of 3 nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs Indomethacin 1%, Diclofenac 0.1% and Flurbiprofen 0.03%, administered topically before ECCE, on the maintenance of mydriasis during surgery. The patients were grouped based on the type of NSAID given preoperatively in addition to the standard mydriatic agents: 46 patients in group A (Indomethacin), 40 patients in B (Diclofenac), 44 patients in C (Flurbiprofen) and 34 patients formed control group D (no NSAID was instilled). Horizontal pupillary diameter measurements were taken, using a caliper, immediately prior to surgery (step 0), after capsulotomy (step I), after expression of the lens nucleus (step II) and after irrigation-aspiration of the cortical remnants (step III). Differences in pupillary diameter between step 0 and the different surgical steps were used as indices of pupillary constrictions observed in the 4 groups. A significantly less pupillary constriction was found in groups A and C than in D between steps 0 and II (p = 0.01) and in groups A and C than in B and D between steps 0 and III (p = 0.001). Our results show that Indomethacin 1% and Flurbiprofen 0.03%, compared to Diclofenac 0.1% and no NSAID regime, are significantly more effective in maintaining mydriasis during cataract surgery.
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PMID:The effect of indomethacin, diclofenac and flurbiprofen on the maintenance of mydriasis during extracapsular cataract extraction. 148 71

Maintaining successful mydriasis is essential during cataract extraction. The use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in order to inhibit trauma induced miosis has been advocated by many authors. Indomethacin 1% has proved his efficacy since many years. Flurbiprofen has been introduced more recently and has been accepted largely because of a better patient comfort. He proved his efficacy against placebo. We conducted a randomized double blind study in order to verify if there is any difference in efficacy between these two drugs. 40 cases were randomly assigned to a pretreatment, not known by the surgeons, with Indomethacin 1% (Indoptic) or Flurbiprofen 0.03% (Ocuflur). Measurements were taken at the beginning of surgery, after nucleous extraction and after irrigationaspiration of lens cortical material. Sodium hyaluronate and epinephrine were not used during this study. After nucleous extraction, the mean pupillary constriction was 1.53 mm in the Indomethacin group and 1.23 mm in the Flurbiprofen group (p greater than 0.1). After aspiration of cortical material, the mean pupillary constriction was 2.27 mm in the Indomethacin group and 2.00 in the Flurbiprofen group (p greater than 0.1). Cumulative results of patients who constricted the pupil more than 2 and 3 mm showed a better result in the Flurbiprofen group. Flurbiprofen has proved in this study his efficacy compared to an other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in inhibiting trauma induced miosis.
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PMID:[Comparison of the anti-miotic effect of 0.03% flurbiprofen with 1% indomethacin in cataract extraction]. 188 51

In a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial, we evaluated the relative efficacy of indomethacin and flurbiprofen when used as adjuvants to routinely used mydriatics for maintenance of pupillary dilatation in patients with heavily pigmented iris undergoing extracapsular cataract extraction. The drugs were administered orally as well as topically according to a fixed regimen. The pupillary diameters, measured with calipers at various surgical steps, were significantly larger at every step in the study groups in which either of the adjuvants had been used than they were in the control group (P less than .001). Flurbiprofen tended to help maintain a larger pupillary diameter in the later stages of surgery than indomethacin, but this difference was not statistically significant. We conclude that it is important to use prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors as adjuvants to routine mydriatics, and that flurbiprofen may be somewhat more effective than indomethacin in this capacity.
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PMID:Pupillary dilatation during cataract surgery--relative efficacy of indomethacin and flurbiprofen. 223 3

Flurbiprofen (Ocufen), an antiprostaglandin, has been introduced into cataract surgery. It is used to prevent intraoperative miosis by blocking inflammatory mediator formation. Ocufen has been noted to diminish the controlled miosis produced by using acetylcholine in the operative period. This study evaluated the pupillary response to acetylcholine after it had been exposed to Ocufen. This was done using a control versus a study eye in 16 rabbits dilated with phenylephrine hydrochloride and cyclopentolate hydrochloride. The pupil diameters were measured at baseline, then the rabbits' anterior chambers were irrigated with an acetylcholine solution. The resultant pupillary diameters were measured at one and five minutes. At five minutes post-irrigation there was a statistically significant greater constriction in the control group than in the Ocufen group. This implies that Ocufen dampens the iris musculature's response to acetylcholine.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1990 Mar
PMID:Evaluation of flurbiprofen-exposed irises to acetylcholine anterior chamber irrigation. 232 82

The effects of S-596 and coarteolol, new beta-adrenergic blockers, were studied by means of the oral fluorescein method. Transfer coefficients by diffusion, kd.pa, and by flow, kfa, were estimated in a total of 11 normal young volunteers, in whom the drug was instilled in one eye and the placebo in the fellow eye. With 0.5% dl-S-596, kd.pa increased to 124 +/- 9% (mean +/- SD) and kfa decreased to 67 +/- 10% of the control eye. With 1% dl-carteolol, kd.pa increased to 121 +/- 4%, and kfa decreased to 84 +/- 11% of the control eye. Both S-596 and carteolol increased iris permeability and decreased the aqueous flow rate significantly. In a group of 13 cases, intracapsular extraction of senile cataract was carried out with postoperative routine instillations, and in another group of 7 cases, it was carried out with additional topical flurbiprofen, a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Flurbiprofen ophthalmic solution (0.1%) was instilled 3, 2, 1, and 0.5 h before the surgery and 4 times a day postoperatively. On the 6th postoperative day, a fluorophotometric study was carried out using oral fluorescein, and a coefficient that reflects the permeability of the blood-aqueous barrier after the cataract surgery was calculated. It was found that additional topical flurbiprofen considerably suppresses the disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier.
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PMID:Effects of S-596 and carteolol, new beta-adrenergic blockers, and flurbiprofen on the human eye: a fluorophotometric study. 257 77

The author conducted a six-group, randomized, clinical trial to compare the relative efficacies of use of preoperative topical Ocufen (flurbiprofen), or Indocid (indomethacin, Indocin), with and without concurrent intraoperative epinephrine treatment; epinephrine treatment alone; and placebo in maintaining surgical mydriasis produced by preoperative administration of phenylephrine and cyclopentolate before cataract intraocular lens (IOL) surgery. Two hundred sixteen cases were randomized to receive one of the six treatment combinations. The treatment groups not receiving epinephrine (placebo, Indocid, Ocufen) had average percent decreases in pupil diameter of 19 to 24%, whereas groups receiving epinephrine (with or without Ocufen or Indocid), had decreases of only 0.8 to 2.6%. The effect of epinephrine treatment was significant (P less than 0.0001), regardless of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) treatment. Indocin patients (without epinephrine) had less miosis than placebo patients; the proportion of cases with large decreases in pupil diameter (greater than or equal to 2 mm) was reduced by approximately 50%. Ocufen had an additive effect with epinephrine; the group with Ocufen + epinephrine treatment had a smaller proportion of cases with pupil size decreases than the group with epinephrine alone.
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PMID:The effect of treatment with topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with and without intraoperative epinephrine on the maintenance of mydriasis during cataract surgery. 210 83

A random, masked prospective study was performed on 100 patients having elective extracapsular cataract extraction to evaluate the ability of Ocufen (flurbiprofen) to maintain dilation of the pupil. All the patients received a standard dilating regimen; half also received Ocufen drops. Surgery was recorded with a video camera attached to the operating microscope. Magnification was kept constant. Pupil diameters were measured on a calibrated video screen at four different stages of the operation: at the beginning, post-capsulotomy, post-nucleus delivery, and at the end. The age, sex, and iris color of each patient were recorded. Preoperative pupillary diameters were not statistically different between the control and Ocufen groups. The Ocufen-treated group maintained pupillary dilation better on the average and had a much smaller incidence of pupil constriction greater than 2 mm.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1989 Jul
PMID:Ocufen and pupillary dilation during cataract surgery. 277 93

Flurbiprofen Na and diclofenac Na, two ocular antiinflammatory agents, were investigated to determine the aqueous humor concentrations in the human eye following topical application. One hundred sixty-five patients undergoing cataract surgery received a single drop of either diclofenac Na or flurbiprofen Na at selected times prior to the surgical procedure. Aqueous humor samples were aspirated at the beginning of surgery and a sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic assay was used to determine the concentration of the antiinflammatory agent in the ocular fluid. Samples were obtained between 10 min and 24 hrs after a single instillation of the drug onto the cornea. The highest average concentration of diclofenac was 82 ng/ml at 2.4 hrs after instillation; concentrations remained above 20 ng/ml for over 4 hrs. Thereafter, between 3 and 16 ng/ml diclofenac could be assayed through 24 hrs. The highest average concentration of flurbiprofen, 60 ng/ml, was found at 2.0 hrs. The last detectable flurbiprofen concentration was measured at 7.25 hrs after instillation.
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PMID:Intraocular diclofenac and flurbiprofen concentrations in human aqueous humor following topical application. 771 11

We evaluated two topical cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors (COIs), 0.03% flurbiprofen and 1% indomethacin, for their ability to prevent pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (CME). The study was a randomized, double-masked, vehicle-controlled, parallel group, clinical trial for six months at eight sites in Canada and two in Germany. The study population consisted of 681 patients who had extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation. Flurbiprofen, indomethacin, or the vehicle was instilled into the eye four times daily for two days preoperatively and three months postoperatively. Results were measured by angiographic and clinical CME at visit 5 (day 21-60) and visit 7 (day 121-240) and by contrast sensitivity and Snellen visual acuity at all five postoperative visits. At visit 5, the incidence of angiographic CME was comparable in the two COI treatment groups (16.8% flurbiprofen, 12.4% indomethacin) and was significantly lower than in the vehicle group (32.2%). The incidence of clinical CME was also significantly lower in the COI-treated groups (10.7% flurbiprofen, 9.6% indomethacin) than in the vehicle group (21.9%). By visit 7, the incidence of angiographic CME had declined to between 4% and 8% and the incidence of clinical CME was less than 2% in all three groups. At visit 5, contrast sensitivity scores were significantly worse in vehicle-treated patients with angiographic CME than in those without CME, and Snellen visual acuity was one line worse in patients with CME. Flurbiprofen-treated patients achieved good Snellen visual acuity (better than 20/40) sooner than vehicle-treated patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
J Cataract Refract Surg 1995 Jan
PMID:Efficacy of topical flurbiprofen and indomethacin in preventing pseudophakic cystoid macular edema. Flurbiprofen-CME Study Group I. 772 10


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