Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Combined cataract removal, posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) implantation, and pars plana vitrectomy were performed in 15 diabetic patients who presented with coexisting cataract and vitreoretinal complications from proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Posterior chamber IOLs were placed anterior to the anterior lens capsule after pars plana lensectomy and vitrectomy in nine eyes, whereas extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with PC IOL placement was performed before vitrectomy in six eyes. Panretinal laser endophotocoagulation was applied in 13 of the 15 eyes as an important part of the operative procedure. Because of inactive diabetic retinopathy or satisfactory preoperative panretinal photocoagulation, 2 of the 15 eyes did not receive laser endophotocoagulation. Visual acuity was improved in 12 eyes and was similar to preoperative vision in 3 eyes. After a minimum of 6 months and a maximum of 28 months of follow-up, the visual results are the following: 20/40 or better (4 eyes), 20/50 to 20/200 (5 eyes), 20/400 to 5/200 (5 eyes), and hand motions (1 eye). Although 5 of the 15 eyes required secondary vitreoretinal procedures, neovascular glaucoma and complications attributable to the IOL did not occur. A recurrent postoperative retinal detachment (RD) developed with subsequent hypotony and rubeosis iridis in 1 of the 15 eyes.
 ...
PMID:Posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation during diabetic pars plana vitrectomy. 261 53

A questionnaire on the possibility of the use of IOL in cases of cataract with exfoliation syndrome (ES) was sent to several ophthalmic surgeons. The analysis of the answers to the questionnaire shows that the ES is a relative contraindication to the IOL implantation. Posterior chamber and sulcus fixation are recommended.
 ...
PMID:Is the exfoliation syndrome a contraindication for the use of IOL in cataract surgery? 285 9

Posterior subcapsular (PSC) cataracts are a visually disabling form of cataract and account for 40% of surgical cases. Although PSC opacities may occur following intraocular inflammation, trauma, or use of steroids, the cause is often unknown. A case-control study was undertaken to investigate the role of exposure to ultraviolet light in the B range (UV-B) and other potential risk factors for the development of PSC cataracts. Surgical PSC cataract cases from a large rural ophthalmic practice on the lower eastern shore of Maryland were matched with phakic controls without PSC cataract changes from the same geographic area by age, sex, and referral pattern. All patients with PSC opacities who underwent cataract surgery in a 12-month period were chosen. One hundred sixty-eight cases and 168 controls were interviewed regarding sunlight exposure, drug use, occupational history, history of diabetes, hypertension, and other diseases. Matched-pairs analyses indicated that a history of relatively high exposure to UV-B was associated with increased risk of PSC cataracts. The association of PSC cataracts with steroid use and diabetes was reconfirmed. Subjects with blue eyes and less than high school education were also at increased risk for PSC cataracts. Smoking and hypertension were not found to be PSC cataract risk factors. These data suggest that UV-B exposure may be an important risk factor for PSC cataracts.
 ...
PMID:Ultraviolet light exposure and risk of posterior subcapsular cataracts. 292 58

In previous unrelated studies, we observed a 35 to 50% incidence of cataract formation in several groups of Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats (DS) over a 4-year period. In the present study we evaluated longitudinal changes in blood pressure in DS in which cataracts eventually developed and those in which cataracts did not develop when all animals were maintained on a high sodium diet. Lenses were evaluated by slit-lamp microscopy to determine if cataractous lesions were similar among rats, to classify lesion types, and to define the age at which cataracts were detectable in DS. The possible participation of several cataractogenic risk factors as major influences on cataract formation also was evaluated. Finally, aqueous humor concentrations and lenticular content of sodium and potassium were determined to evaluate the possibility that a defect in ion transport at the lens epithelium and ciliary body might play a role in cataractogenesis in DS, since ion transport defects have been shown to lead to lens opacification in other models of genetic and experimental cataracts. Parallel studies were performed in Dahl salt-resistant control rats (DR). A high incidence of cataract formation was found in DS. Although systolic blood pressure was not consistently greater in adult DS with cataracts compared with values in age-matched DS without cataracts, the initial pressor response to a high salt diet was greatest in weanling DS in which cataractous lesions later developed. Slit-lamp analysis revealed that cataracts in this genetic model were cortical, with one mixed cortical, nuclear lesion. Posterior subcapsular lesions were not observed, suggesting that lesions were not steroid-induced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Cataracts and hypertension in salt-sensitive rats. A possible ion transport defect. 302 58

Fifteen dogs with primary hypoparathyroidism diagnosed at the University of California Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital were compared with 13 previously reported cases. Age, sex, breed, and historical and physical findings were similar in both groups of dogs. Middle-aged females were affected primarily. A history of neurologic or neuromuscular disease was present in all 28 dogs, with 18 dogs having seizures. Posterior lenticular cataract formation secondary to hypocalcemia was suspected in six dogs. The most characteristic biochemical finding in all dogs was profound hypocalcemia (less than 6.5 mg/dl) and mild hyperphosphatemia. Serum magnesium concentrations were decreased in two dogs. Serum parathyroid hormone concentrations were consistent with the diagnosis of primary hypoparathyroidism in eight of nine dogs. Lymphocytic parathyroiditis was diagnosed in the 12 dogs from which tissue was submitted for histopathology. Successful management of the patient depended on frequent monitoring of the serum calcium concentration during initial and maintenance therapy.
 ...
PMID:Primary hypoparathyroidism in the dog. Report of 15 cases and review of 13 previously reported cases. 306 94

We report the results of with a ocular lens implantation in 132 cases of unilateral traumatic cataract. In most cases (130) the cataract was treated on using the extracapsular technique. Four types of intra-ocular lenses were used: Binkorst 2 loops implanted into the capsule (6%), Binkorst 4 loops sutured to the iris (18%), Anterior chamber implantation (19%), Posterior chamber implantation (57%). Implantation and cataract surgery were performed simultaneously in 85 cases (64.3%). Implantation was secondary in 47 cases (35.6%) implantation was performed as often in cases of contusion as in cases of perforating traumic, lens often in cases of intra-ocular foreign body. Implantation was usually primary in cases of contusion, now after secondary in cases of perforation. The most severe post operative complications are hypertony, corneal dystrophy (Binkorst 4 loops implantation and overall, anterior chamber lenses). Fonctional results in the child one 5 year old are about the same us in the adult. On the contrary in the child from 2 to 5, the results are bad because of the associated ocular lesions and fonctionnal amblyopia. In case of corneal associated lesions, it seems better to perform a primary implantation and eventually put the lens out of the center of the scar. Perforating keratoplasty must be reserved for cases of large central scotoma. In the cases of perforating trauma, surgery of the cataract must be differed if possible to allow simultaneous implantation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Traumatic cataract and implantation]. 319 3

Posterior chamber intraocular lenses (IOLs) were implanted in cat eyes after extracapsular cataract extraction or phacoemulsification. Various degrees of iris and IOL contact occurred. In 52% of the eyes in which contact was present, there was associated fibrovascular membrane formation, which was statistically significant when compared to eyes in which there was no iris-IOL contact. The eyes were examined histopathologically; proliferation of anterior cuboidal cells, as well as a fibrous response within the stroma, was noted in eyes with the most extensive contact. Human clinical correlates are discussed. This study demonstrates experimentally that the iris will not tolerate significant prolonged IOL contact.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1988 Mar
PMID:An experimental model for uveal touch syndrome. 335 55

The results of pars plana vitrectomy and membrane peeling for premacular fibroplasia (PMF) were reviewed retrospectively for 88 eyes of 86 patients. Premacular fibroplasia was idiopathic in 61 eyes (69%) and postdetachment in 27 eyes (31%). All patients had a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Visual symptoms of blurring and metamorphopsia were reduced in 75 (85%) study eyes at the end of the follow-up period. Poor visual outcome was significantly related to preoperative cystoid macular edema and prolonged duration of visual blurring. Posterior retinal breaks occurred in three eyes (5%) with idiopathic PMF and five eyes (19%) with postdetachment PMF. Cataract progression was demonstrated in 35 eyes (48%) at 12 months of follow-up and 49 eyes (68%) at 24 months of follow-up, reflecting an incidence of cataract formation that has not been previously reported (to our knowledge) after limited vitrectomy and membrane peeling for PMF.
 ...
PMID:Surgical management of premacular fibroplasia. 337 1

From 783 consecutive extracapsular cataract extractions with intact posterior capsules at the close of surgery, 655 eyes were available for examination three years after surgery and 447 eyes were available five years after surgery. By five years postoperatively, the need for secondary capsulotomy was 49% of 67 eyes that had not received an implant, 23% of 159 eyes that had received a Binkhorst iridocapsular lens, and 13% of 221 eyes that had received a posterior chamber lens. Among posterior chamber lenses, the surface area of the implant was considered to be a more important factor in inhibiting capsule opacification than posterior vaulting of the lens. Posterior vaulting was associated with a lower incidence of epithelialization but a higher incidence of capsular fibrosis. A small subgroup of 19 glaucoma triple procedures examined at three years showed a significantly higher incidence of capsulotomy (21.0%) than the other 369 posterior chamber lens implantations examined at three years (6.8%).
J Cataract Refract Surg 1988 Jul
PMID:Analysis of the need for secondary capsulotomy during a five-year follow-up. 340 19

We retrospectively examined ophthalmic surgery at two teaching hospitals from 1982 to 1985 to determine the incidence, cause, treatment, and outcome of wound dehiscence following cataract surgery. In the 1276 cataract procedures performed during this period, 18 patients (1.4%) underwent repair of wound dehiscence. Thirty-one percent of patients with dehiscence had had cataract extraction on subluxed traumatic cataracts; trauma also caused 69% of the dehiscences. Posterior chamber lenses remained in place in 88% of cases. Seventy-seven percent regained 20/40 or better visual acuity following repair.
 ...
PMID:Wound dehiscence following cataract surgery. 343 1


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>