Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acute elevations in intraocular pressure (IOP) commonly follow extracapsular cataract extraction and lens implant in glaucoma patients. Thirty six patients with glaucoma undergoing cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation received one of three treatments. Group 1: 500 mg of Diamox Sustets (acetazolamide) 1 hour preoperatively (10 patients); Group 2: peroperative intracameral Miochol (acetylcholine) (11 patients); Group 3: the above treatments combined (15 patients). IOPs were measured at 3, 6, 9, and 24 hours postoperatively. The average of the maximum pressure rises above the preoperative level over the 24 hour period was greatest for the group receiving acetazolamide only at 8.9 mm Hg; for the acetylcholine group the average maximum rise was 6.3 mm Hg; while the combined treatment group showed a decrease of 0.7 mm Hg. IOP rises of > 6 mm Hg were seen in 7% of patients (one of 15) in the combined treatment group, 45% (five of 11) of the acetylcholine group, and 70% (seven of 10) of the acetazolamide group. IOP rises of > 10 mm Hg were seen in 7% of the combined treatment group, in 18% of the acetylcholine only group, and in 50% of the acetazolamide only group. A pressure rise > 20 mm Hg was seen in one patient receiving acetazolamide only and one patient receiving acetylcholine only. The difference between the acetylcholine group and the combined group for rises > 6 mm Hg was significant using the chi 2 test while the acetazolamide group showed a significant difference for rises > 6 and 10 mm Hg compared with the combined group. All acute pressure rises were recorded before or at 9 hours following operation except in the combined treatment patient where the rise occurred at 24 hours. To prevent the acute IOP rises seen following cataract surgery with lens implant in glaucoma patients we recommend combined ocular hypotensive therapy.
 ...
PMID:Prevention of acute postoperative pressure rises in glaucoma patients undergoing cataract extraction with posterior chamber lens implant. 142 57

An 84-year-old woman developed high intraocular pressure with a shallow anterior chamber 2 months after an extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber lens implant. The condition did not respond to peripheral iridectomy and removal of the implant but was treated successfully with YAG laser capsulotomy and anterior hyaloidotomy.
 ...
PMID:Ciliary block (malignant) glaucoma after cataract extraction with lens implant treated with YAG laser capsulotomy and anterior hyaloidotomy. 142 65

Clinical data of 12 adult cases of dislocation of lens treated with couching-netting operating were analysed, including cases of traumatic cataracts with complications of glaucoma and cataract couching surgical complication of phacolysis. The result was rather satisfactory. Eye sight was corrected, most of the corrective vision was over 0.5 level, intraocular pressure was controlled and no serious complication was found. According to the authors experience, couching-netting was recommended as a simple and effective method for treating dislocation of adult lens.
 ...
PMID:[Couch-netting operation for dislocation of adult lens]. 142 77

Prophylactic subconjunctival antibiotics and steroids have been used in cataract surgery since the early 1950s. However despite their widespread acceptance, there has, to date, been no direct comparison of subconjunctival and topical routes of administration. We therefore carried out a prospective comparison of the effects of subconjunctival and topical administration of antibiotics and steroids in sixty patients undergoing elective, uncomplicated, extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation. The patients were examined by a single observer on the first and third post-operative days and two and six weeks following surgery. The observer was blinded to the patient treatment group. Significantly higher degrees of conjunctival injection and anterior chamber activity were noted in those who received subconjunctival injections compared with those who received topical treatment. There were no significant differences between the two groups in best corrected visual acuity, central corneal oedema, cystoid macular oedema, intraocular pressure and infection. We conclude that prophylactic subconjunctival therapy in uncomplicated cataract surgery is not necessary.
 ...
PMID:A comparison of prophylactic, topical and subconjunctival treatment in cataract surgery. 142 92

Exfoliation syndrome as a possible risk factor for morphologic changes of the optic nerve was examined in 66 patients with unilateral exfoliation and no glaucoma. K-readings (7.74 +/- 0.3 mm and 7.75 +/- 0.3 mm), axial lengths (23.1 +/- 1.1 mm and 23.1 +/- 1.1 mm), and refraction (+ 0.9 +/- 2.3 mm and + 1.1 +/- 2.3 mm) did not differ in exfoliative and contralateral nonexfoliative eyes. The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) difference, 17.2 +/- 3.3 mmHg and 15.6 +/- 3.2 mmHg, respectively, was statistically highly significant (P < 0.001). The mean visual acuity difference, 0.8 +/- 0.3 and 0.9 +/- 0.2, respectively, was significant (P < 0.05). The difference in visual acuity between the pairs of eyes was explained by the more frequent subcapsular cataract in exfoliative eyes. Lens opacity values (opacity lens meter), 27.9 +/- 8.3 and 28.0 +/- 8.4 opacity units, respectively, were similar. Disc area, neuroretinal rim area, rim/disc ratio, cup area, and cup volume values analyzed with the Imagenet (Topcon) nerve head analyzer did not differ significantly between the eyes. It was concluded that exfoliation as such does not induce optic nerve head changes but indicates a risk factor for elevated IOP and lens opacification.
 ...
PMID:Exfoliation syndrome as a risk factor for optic disc changes in nonglaucomatous eyes. 142 30

In a prospective study 35 eyes of 25 patients with coexisting cataract and glaucoma underwent trabeculectomy, phacoemulsification and implantation of a folded polyHema intraocular lens through the trabeculectomy opening. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 27 months (mean 13.3). The mean age was 76.4 (68 to 88 years). 22 eyes suffered from primary open angle glaucoma, 10 eyes from a pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and 3 eyes had a chronic angle closure glaucoma. Preoperatively intraocular pressure was controlled in 10 eyes with a mean medication of 2.1 but uncontrolled in 25 eyes (mean medication: 2.5). The preoperative visual acuity ranged from 20/40 to hand motions. Postoperatively intraocular pressure was controlled (< 18 mmHg) in all (100%) eyes and without therapy in 32 (91%) eyes. Three (9%) eyes had to be treated with topical timolol twice a day after surgery. Mean intraocular pressure dropped from 21.2 +/- 6.0 mmHg preoperatively to 13.5 +/- 2.1 mmHg postoperatively. Vision improved in all but 4 eyes, 25 (74%) achieving a visual acuity of 20/40 or better. The causes for failed improvement or deterioration of vision were senile macular degeneration in 2 eyes and central retinal vein occlusion and vascular optic nerve atrophy in one eye respectively. Post-operative complications included hyphema in 9 (26%) eyes, fibrin effusion to a various extent into the anterior chamber in 19 (54%) eyes and delayed hypotony (< 5 mmHg) with chorioidal effusion in 1 (3%) eye. Fibrin effusion was frequently observed in eyes with intraocular pressure below 10 mmHg, iris surgery and hyphema. Finally the complications did not effect the results regarding visual acuity or glaucoma control.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Combined small-incision cataract surgery and trabeculectomy--technique and results. 142 82

Using the laser flare-cell meter (Kowa FC-1000), we conducted a prospective study analyzing the effect of Nd:YAG posterior capsulotomy on the quantity of aqueous particles, aqueous flare, and intraocular pressure in 65 eyes (58 patients). Aqueous particles increased at six hours, followed by flare rise which was significant at 18 hours after capsulotomy. Only 22 eyes (34%) had a significant flare rise over prelaser values. Anti-inflammatory therapy was necessary in only one patient. The mean intraocular pressure value did not rise significantly after capsulotomy. Acute intraocular hypertension (AIOHT) (> 7 mm Hg increase) occurred between three and six hours after laser therapy in 12 patients (19%), was related in time to particle rise, and always responded to a single dose of acetazolamide. Acute intraocular hypertension was strongly correlated with elevated aqueous particles (P < .0001) and somewhat correlated with flare rise (P < .036), but was not correlated with the intraocular lens position (bag or sulcus fixation). Our findings strongly suggest that trabecular meshwork clogging by debris generated by the capsulotomy is the mechanism at the origin of AIOHT.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1992 Nov
PMID:Aqueous humor analysis after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy with the laser flare-cell meter. 850 52

To gain information about patients who continue antiplatelet therapy while having cataract surgery, we performed a prospective, nonrandomized study. Twenty-four of 60 phacoemulsification procedures were performed on patients who were receiving medications with antiplatelet activity prior to surgery and who continued to receive the medications for the duration of the study. The remaining 36 procedures were performed on patients who received no medications with antiplatelet activity prior to surgery. One patient in the antiplatelet therapy group had a limited peribulbar hemorrhage, and one patient not receiving antiplatelet therapy had a postoperative hyphema. Postoperative subconjunctival hemorrhages were more common in the antiplatelet therapy group (P = .001). No patient in the antiplatelet therapy group had late postoperative complications. No differences in postoperative visual acuity or intraocular pressure were observed between the groups. Our results demonstrate that phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation can be performed without serious complications in some patients who continue to use antiplatelet therapy. However, our sample sizes were too small to determine whether such therapy is associated with any increased risk of rare but serious hemorrhagic complications.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1992 Nov
PMID:Antiplatelet therapy and cataract surgery. 143 67

By inserting an Erreger 485 exciter filter into the operating microscope, translucent yellow Healon (sodium hyaluronate) transforms into a brilliant opaque green viscoelastic. We have developed this technique and termed it "fluorescent viscoelastic enhancement." Using the technique, we demonstrated that the time required to remove Healon from the anterior chamber after intraocular lens insertion varies. Healon is usually aspirated quickly, in less than 17 seconds. Otherwise it traps behind the intraocular lens and requires more time for irrigation/aspiration (I/A) and manipulation of the I/A tip. Fluorescent viscoelastic enhancement minimized I/A time, reducing excess turbulence and manipulation in the anterior chamber, and thus may reduce corneal endothelial cell loss. This study also demonstrated that fluorescent viscoelastic enhancement prevented postoperative intraocular pressure rise, compared to the conventional removal of clear Healon. Fluorescent viscoelastic enhancement assures the surgeon that a large amount of Healon is not left behind.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1992 Nov
PMID:Fluorescent viscoelastic enhancement. 143 68

The efficacy of foldable silicone intraocular lenses in combined glaucoma/cataract surgery was retrospectively analyzed in 19 consecutive operations. Preoperatively all patients were receiving medical treatment for glaucoma; 21% had intraocular pressures above 21 mm Hg despite the medical therapy. Postoperatively, reduction of intraocular pressure to 21 mm Hg or less was achieved in 84% of eyes, with 58% requiring no antiglaucoma medications. Mean improvement of Snellen visual acuity was 4.9 lines; 84% of eyes achieved a final acuity of 20/40 or better. Median follow-up was 59 weeks (range 25 to 88 weeks). Thirteen eyes (68%) had a filtration bleb present when last examined. These preliminary results suggest that foldable silicone IOLs are an effective alternative to poly(methyl methacrylate) lenses in combined glaucoma/cataract surgery.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1992 Nov
PMID:Combined trabeculectomy, cataract extraction, and foldable lens implantation. 143 61


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>