Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the last four years we have treated with the mobile argon-laser beam 25 cases of aphakic pupillary block glaucoma (p. b. g.). According to the time of manifestation of the p. b. g. the patients were divided into an "early" and a "late" group. In the "early" group (17 eyes) the glaucoma manifested itself 1--4 days after cataract extraction. In the "late" group (8 eyes) p. b. g. appeared from 4 weeks to 3 years after cataract extraction. In 14 of the 17 cases of the first group we achieved a prompt reformation of the anterior chamber and a considerable decrease of intraocular pressure immediately after laser application. In 3 cases of the first group, where the pupil was under relative or absolute mydriasis before argon-laser treatment, the mobile laser beam failed to produce satisfactory results. In all of the 8 patients of the "late" group a reformation of the anterior chamber was achieved, but in only 4 of them did i. o. pressure normalize owing to extensive anterior synechiae. Laser application left either very slight or no traces at all on the iris. In order to ascertain the actual effect of the laser beam upon the iris, we applied laser under identical conditions in eyes which had no glaucoma but were to undergo enucleation because of choroidal melanoma. The histological examination revealed a slight degree of hyperaemia of the iris as an oedema of the connective tissue, while the iris sphincter did not appear to be affected by laser treatment.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical and pathologic-anatomical results following the application of a mobile argon-laser beam in aphakic pupillary block glaucoma (author's transl)]. 52 10

Even modern long acting local anaesthetics can not avoid hazards encountered by using local anaesthetics. That these hazards are unavoidable by their nature is being shown by detailed analysis of facts conditioning the status of corpus vitreous on the open globe. These facts need not be identical with those that change the intraocular pressure in the closed eye. Intraocular pressure is no useful criterium when the eye is open. General anaesthesia in NLA and non depolarizing agents is presently the safest means not to leave corpus protruding facts to chance. There are no other disadvantages of the method as compared to local anaesthesia. Own experience in 2000 cataract operations confirm the thesis.
 ...
PMID:[Can local anaesthesia still be justified in intraocular surgery? (author's transl)]. 54 25

A detailed analysis of 101 eyes of 76 patients with advanced glaucomatous visual field loss but with retention of good visual acuity is presented. Patients were followed for a minimum of 4 years with an average duration of follow-up of 7.1 years. Loss of central vision, defined by permanent reduction of visual acuity to less than or equal to 20/200, occurred with equal frequency in eyes treated medically (15.8%) or surgically (13.6%) for glaucoma. Sudden loss of central vision also occurred following cataract extraction (8.7%). No patient lost central vision suddenly following surgery when central vision was spared at the time of operation. In addition, all cases that eventually lost central vision, either medically or surgically, demonstrated field defects which split fixation prior to its loss. Loss of central vision is seen rarely when medical therapy maintains the average intraocular pressure below 18 mm Hg, but increases markedly with higher pressures, reaching approximately 30% when average intraocular pressure is above 22 mm Hg. Progression in field loss is rare after successful glaucoma surgery, although cataracts develop in about 32% of such eyes. Cataracts also develop in 21% of medically treated eyes. In addition, about 50% of unoperated eyes demonstrate further field loss even when central vision is maintained. In spite of very definite risks, serious consideration should be given to glaucoma filtering surgery when the intraocular pressure is consistently over 22 mm Hg in patients on medical therapy with advanced glaucoma.
 ...
PMID:Visual prognosis in advanced glaucoma: a comparison of medical and surgical therapy for retention of vision in 101 eyes with advanced glaucoma. 61 30

Evaluation of 200 consecutive pars plana vitrectomies shows delayed corneal epithelial healing after intentional scraping and formation of a posterior subcapsular cataract, presumably due to exposure to inadequate infusion fluids. Posterior retinal holes occur frequently, whereas entrance site complications have been reduced to an acceptable minimum. Temporary rise in intraocular pressure is common.
 ...
PMID:Surgical complications of pars plana vitreous surgery. 64 50

Increased intraocular pressure in the immediate postoperative period commonly occurs after cataract extraction. We compared a series of patients operated on through a limbal section to a series operated on through a corneal section. The incidence of increased IOP was significantly lower in the corneal section group. This supports the theory that trabecular damage is a major factor in causing early increased IOP after cataract extraction.
 ...
PMID:The effect of corneal section on early increased intraocular pressue after cataract extraction. 65 12

A total of 80 patients with senile cataract had the anterior eye chamber depth measured optically by means of Haag-Streit's attachment II. The distance to the pupillary border was 2.59 +/- 0.05 mm (mean +/- SEM) preoperatively. It increased gradually after cataract extraction to 3.33 +/- 0.04 mm, measured 4 months after the operation. The increase of depth was the greatest in patients with a flat chamber and in elderly patients. The central chamber depth decreased gradually after the operation (from 2.82 +/- 0.05 mm preoperatively to 1.95 +/- 0.13 mm 4 months postoperatively). The number of vitreous prolapse cases rose from 68 to 87.5% in 4 months. These altered chamber depths were observed to bear no relation to postoperative corneal oedema (neither of parenchyma nor of epithelium), intraocular pressure, or bleeding into the chamber.
 ...
PMID:Depth of anterior chamber after cataract extraction. 67 2

Four consecutive cases are reported in which pars plana vitrectomy was used to treat eyes with blood-induced glaucoma complicating vitreous hemorrhage after cataract surgery. Vitrectomy resulted in removal of the posterior reservior of cells and cellular debris and cured the elevated intraocular pressure in 3 eyes. One eye required a second glaucoma procedure and long-term acetazolamide therapy. The excised vitreous was examined microscopically with several techniques, including use of a millipore filter to concentrate the cellular elements combined with a modified Papanicolaou staining technique, routine staining of sections of millipore filters, and routine staining of vitreous processed in a celloidin bag. These techniques showed variable proportions of erythrocytes, erythrocytic debris, free hemoglobin, ghost erythrocytes and macrophages containing erythrocytic debris and hemosiderin.
 ...
PMID:Pars plana vitrectomy in the management of blood-induced glaucoma with vitreous hemorrhage. 71 45

106 eyes with glaucoma and cataract have been operated simultaneously with a combined cataract-extraction (cryoextraction) and trephining with scleral flap (Elliot-Fronimopoulos). In 95 eyes intraocular pressure was compensated without local therapy (about 90%).
 ...
PMID:[Results of a combined glaucoma- and cataract-operation (author's transl)]. 73 75

In this paper we report on a series of 56 eyes which underwent a combined cataract-trabeculotomy operation. After a follow-up of at least 6 months. 63% of the eyes had normal intraocular pressure while 34% of them required further medication to achieve the same. No serious complications were observed.
 ...
PMID:[Cataract extraction combined with trabeculotomy (author's transl)]. 73 92

The unopened eye maintains a relatively stable spherical contour due to the expansile influence of the intraocular pressure. When the eye is opened this expansile pressure is lost and some degree of collapse of the scleral shell ensues. In eyes with a relatively flaccid sclera an anterior segment incision may induce significant reduction in the volume of the posterior segment of the globe. During intracapsular cataract extraction on such eyes, scleral collapse can cause anterior displacement of the lens and iris when the eye is opened and vitreous loss as soon as the lens is extracted. Scleral collapse tends to occur during intraocular surgery on previously aphakic eyes. In this situation it may become difficult to achieve a vitreous-free anterior sement by open sky vitrectomy. Metallic scleral supporters prevent inward collapse of that portion of the sclera to which they are attached. They do not prevent downward collapse of the posterior sclera shell. Upward traction is required to prevent the downward component of scleral collapse. A system for controlled suspension of the globe during intraocular surgery has been devised and used in a variety of surgical procedures. The apparatus is simple and it does help to minimize downward scleral collapse. It does not prevent scleral identation or distortion by external forces and cannot substitute for inadequate anesthesia and akinesia or faulty surgical technique.
 ...
PMID:Suspension of the globe during intraocular surgery. 75 77


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>