Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 68 consecutive patients who had undergone aphakic keratoplasty and keratoplasty combined with cataract extraction, patients with pressure problems during the first postoperative week were likely to have chronic pressure problems whether glaucoma was suspected preoperatively or not. Furthermore, those with preoperative glaucoma, even though pressures during the first week were relatively normal, were likely to have reoccurrence of their glaucoma. The preoperative pressures did not indicate which patients would develop persistently increased postoperative pressures. The only patients spared pressure problems were those who had no evidence of glaucoma preoperatively and who also had normal intraocular pressure during the first postoperative week.
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PMID:Prognostic factors of intraocular pressure after aphakic keratoplasty. 36 Aug 48

51 patients with renal transplants were examined ophthalmologically 31,1 (1--77) months after the transplantation. 80,4 p. c. showed ocular complications: cataract formation in 43,1 p. c. of the patients examined and increased intraocular pressure values between 22 and 30 mm Hg in 3 patients are to be attributed to the systemic immunosuppressive therapy. Further ocular changes were recurrent subconjunctival haemorrhages due to increased vascular rigidity, calcium phosphate deposits in the conjunctiva due to persistant secondary hyperparathyroidism and fundus changes (pigmentary irregularities in the foveal regions, narrow arterial vessels). Although marked arterial hypertension was observed in 21 patients after the transplantation, no signs of hypertensive retinopathy could be found. Despite the high incidence of ocular complications after renal transplantation the risks of immunosuppressive therapy must be considered as tolerable: cataract formation and increased intraocular pressure do not impair the positive effect of renal transplantation on ocular functions. Regular ophthalmological control examinations of renal transplant patients are advisable.
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PMID:[Report on renal transplant patients. Ocular changes due to renal disease and immunosuppressive therapy (author's transl)]. 37 46

Clinical specular microscopy (CSM) has recently been introduced as a means of qualitative and quantitative examination of the human corneal endothelium at high magnification. With the aid of CSM, a decline in endothelial cell density with age has been documented and several endothelial abnormalities from disease or trauma can be detected. Donor material for corneal grafting can be examined by CSM and keratoplasty procedures can be designed to decrease endothelial damage. Cataract surgical procedures can cause endothelial cell loss. According to most studies, intracapsular extraction causes less cell loss than does phacoemulsification, and cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) insertion causes the greatest loss. Cell loss from IOL can be minimized by decreasing lens-corneal contact. Elevated intraocular pressure may lead to endothelial cell loss, as may therapy with epinephrine. Endothelial toxicity of other drugs and solutions can be studied by CSM. While long term studies are necessary to correlate the morphologic changes detected by CSM with future endothelial function, shortterm studies can be helpful in developing medical and surgical techniques that minimize corneal endothelial trauma.
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PMID:Clinical specular microscopy. 38 72

Twenty-eight combined grafting and lens implantation operations were performed for patients with corneal disease plus cataract, or aphakia. Eighteen of these cases had cataract extraction at the time of surgery and ten had grafting, vitrectomy and secondary lens implantation in already aphakic eyes. The longest follow-up was forty-seven months; the shortest, six months with an average of 21 months. Complications included cystoid macular edema (five), transient rise in intraocular pressure, hemorrhage. One lens had to be removed, and one graft will have to be replaced with possible removal of the lens. Cystoid macular edema occurred in two cases of the 18 graft-cataract-implant cases (11%) and in three of the 10 cases of graft-vitrectomy-implant patients (30%), a total of 17.9%. Hemorrhage occurred in two cases (7%), and transient elevation of the intraocular pressure also in two cases (7%).
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PMID:Keratoplasty with primary and secondary lens implantation. 40 Aug 49

Anterior segment ischemic changes can occur without detachment of any muscles. The most common cause of such ischemic changes of the anterior segment is the removal of too many rectus muscles in one operation. Twenty dog eyes and eight monkey eyes were subjected to the disinsertion and detachment of various combinations of extraocular muscles. The dogs were sacrificed at intervals from 30 to 90 days. During the observation period, they were observed for gross and slit-lamp changes. The enucleated eyes were studied microscopically for signs of ischemic and necrotic changes. Two patients who were studied, observed, and treated for anterior segment ischemia following muscle surgery are described. The changes which occur after extraocular muscle surgery are extensive and include corneal edema, cataract, chemosis, corneal changes, decreases in intraocular pressure, decreases in outflow or glaucoma, and frank necrosis. The variables which lead to this reaction are described in detail. Also, some unanswered queries, such as the duration of the reaction and the time interval of the reaction after multiple muscle operations are discussed.
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PMID:Production of anterior segment ischemia. 41 49

The late complications of corneo-scleral wound healing after the 15th postoperative day were recorded in 108 routine adult cataract operations using 7-0 polyglycolic acid (Dexon) sutures and compared with 80 routine adult cataract operations using 9-0 monofilament nylon (9-10 Ethilon Nylon) sutures. In 37 eyes of the 7-0 Dexon group filtrating blebs, gaping of the corneoscleral wound, anterior chamber collapse, or decrease in the intraocular pressure were observed compared with one filtrating bleb in the 9-0 nylon group. The majority of late complications occurred 22 to 42 days after surgery. Ten filtrating blebs remained after a 5 months' follow-up period. The most probable cause of the late complications in corneo-scleral wound healing was discussed.
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PMID:Late complications of 7-0 polyglycolic (Dexon) sutures in cataract surgery. 41 74

The design and operation of an automated instrument for removal of a soft cataract through a small corneal incision has been described in a small series of young patients. The distinct advantages of the instrument and technique are the small single-entry corneal incision, the minimal manipulation on the part of the surgeon, the relative constancy of both the anatomical shape of the globe and of a predetermined intraocular pressure during the procedure, a decreased inflammatory response, and a rapid wound healing.
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PMID:Automated phakotomy and aspiration of soft congenital and traumatic cataracts. 42 79

In a series of 1,079 patients, average age 76.3 years, 48 eyes required an iridoplasty for chronic miosis and, of these, visual acuity was 6/12 (20/40) or better postoperatively in 89.6% (43). In those patients with glaucoma, the control of intraocular pressure was the same or better than post-operative levels in 83.3% (15) of patients. Lens implantation was not contraindicated in the miotic patient if adequate iris surgery was performed before both cataract extraction and implant insertion. When there was concomitant glaucoma, lens implantation was likewise not contraindicated if the glaucoma was well controlled.
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PMID:Lens implantation, miosis, and glaucoma. 43 63

The progression of a monocular nuclear cataract was observed for thirty-two months in an eye which was apparently otherwise normal. Three weeks after uncomplicated cataract surgery the patient presented with an apparent detachment of the choroid which enlarged dramatically within a relatively short time and which was further complicated by a retinal detachment. The subsequent development of rubeosis iridis and increased intraocular pressure suggested some other etiology. Ultrasonography revealed a malignant melanoma which was confirmed following enucleation. Transillumination of all suspected postoperative choroidal detachments is recommended with more definitive examination when indicated.
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PMID:Malignant melanoma of the choroid presenting as choroidal detachment following cataract surgery. 46 Aug 7

We studied the effect of timolol on post-operative intraocular pressures (IOPs) in a control and experimental group of 30 eyes, each in patients who had uncomplicated intracapsular cataract extractions, most with iris clip lenses. Closure of the eye in each case was with three 6-0 silk sutures preplaced in a morticed incision. Six control eyes had IOP increases of 6 mm Hg or more within 24 hours of surgery. One patient treated with timolol had an IOP increase of 6 mm Hg or more. The differences in IOP between the control and experimental groups were statistically significant at the .01 level. The pressure lowering ability of timolol appears to be prophylactic as well as therapeutic. It is well suited for pseudophakic eyes as pressure reduction is not associated with pupillary alterations.
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PMID:The effects of timolol on cataract extraction and intraocular pressure. 51 4


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