Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients treated successfully with retinal detachment surgery 11-39 years earlier were called back and examined. The average age was 35 years at the time of surgery and the average interval between the operation and this follow-up examination was 16 years. The visual acuity had decreased in many patients. The most frequent causes of this fall in visual acuity after surgery were cataract and macular degeneration. Chorioretinal atrophy with blackish pigment spots developed in the reattached retina a long time after surgery and caused defects in the visual fields. This atrophy seems to be related to the long duration of retinal detachment before and after operation, which may cause malnutrition of the detached retina and result in incomplete recovery of visual cells, leading to chorioretinal atrophy. Macular degeneration was caused or accelerated by detachment of the macula. There was no difference in postoperative ocular findings between only diathermy and combination of diathermy with segmental scleral-buckling procedures. However, Arruga's ring suture method induced cataract more frequently than did other surgical procedures.
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PMID:Long-term results of retinal detachment surgery. 74 23

Seventy randomly selected patients with Paget's disease of bone were examined for ocular complications. The prevalence of macular degeneration and cataract was 24.3%. Only one patient was found to have angioid streaks. Eight patients had peripapillary chorioretinal atrophy. These findings suggest that the prevalence of serious ocular complications of Paget's disease is not as high as previously thought. The significance of peripapillary chorioretinal atrophy requires further evaluation.
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PMID:Prevalence of angioid streaks and other ocular complications of Paget's disease of bone. 228 79

The ERGs (electroretinogram) of dense mature cataractous eyes were compared with those of the fellow eyes with good visual acuity in 22 senile patients who showed normal preoperative ERG. The mean amplitudes of the a- and b-waves were slightly reduced in the cataractous eyes as compared to those of the fellow eyes, but the difference was not significant. The light-absorbing effect of the cataract based on the a- and b-wave amplitudes was 0.5 log units. Another group of 13 eyes with senile mature cataract showed abnormal preoperative ERG. Chorioretinal atrophy was the most common cause of the subnormal ERG. Postoperative visual acuity was lower in cataractous eyes with subnormal ERGs than in eyes with normal ERGs. Despite the fact that it does not always reflect the macular function and the visual pathway, the ERG still remains a reliable guide in evaluating the visual prognosis before cataract surgery.
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PMID:Quantitative evaluation of electroretinogram before cataract surgery. 262 79

Two patients with pigmented paravenous chorioretinal atrophy are presented. Both patients had chorioretinal atrophy with pigment clusters located in the paravenous areas, and one of the patients had macular affection. This patient had exotropia and juvenile cataract, the other patient had senile cataract. Electroretinography showed decreased, but not totally extinguished potentials. Automatic and manual perimetry revealed relative and absolute scotomas corresponding to the atrophic paravenous areas. To our knowledge this is only the sixth report of pigmented paravenous chorioretinal atrophy with macular affection.
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PMID:Pigmented paravenous chorioretinal atrophy. 319 28

Ocular abnormalities occurring in farmed halibut at the Sea Fish Industry Authority Marine Farming Unit, Ardtoe, Argyll were investigated clinically and post mortem. A significant number of fish were found to have posterior polar cystic changes either causing scleral ectasia or gross degenerative posterior segment abnormalities with chorioretinal atrophy. Other ocular abnormalities included cataract formation and intraocular inflammation. In a small number of fish gas bubble formation in the anterior chamber was observed during capture and examination. It is possible that the lesions seen in these fish are a form of gas bubble disease although super-saturation, the cause of gas bubble disease previously reported in farmed fish, does not occur in the tanks in which these fish are housed. While this paper provides no answers with regard to the aetiopathogenesis of the lesions, it is hoped that it will stimulate discussion, leading to resolution of these questions through a multidisciplinary approach to the problem.
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PMID:Preliminary findings of ophthalmological abnormalities in farmed halibut. 757 Dec 65

Approximately one-third of the contents of a 1-ml, 40-mg ampule of triamcinolone acetonide was accidentally injected into the subretinal space of the left eye of a 30-year-old man with chronic uveitis. The manufacturer provided a list of the contents of the ampule. A large, white subretinal mass was seen in the superotemporal quadrant. In subsequent days, the medication was seen to migrate inferiorly. Visual acuity in the left eye was 20/400. Subretinal hemorrhage and mild atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid were observed superotemporally. Visual acuity returned to 20/100 (preinjection level) in 1 week. Four months postinjection, the superotemporal atrophy was more severe; the inferotemporal medication was minimally visible without producing significant chorioretinal atrophy. The visual acuity remained at 20/100 until the patient underwent cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation; his vision then improved to 20/40. Steroids, when not accompanied by harmful vehicle substances, may be well tolerated by ocular tissues.
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PMID:Accidental subretinal injection of triamcinolone acetonide. 982 68

Wagner syndrome (WGN1; MIM 143200), an autosomal dominant vitreoretinopathy characterized by chorioretinal atrophy, cataract, and retinal detachment, is linked to 5q14.3. Other vitreoretinopathies without systemic stigmata, including erosive vitreoretinopathy, are also linked to this region and are likely to be allelic. Within the critical region lie genes encoding two extracellular macromolecules, link protein (CRTL1) and versican (CSPG2), which are important in binding hyaluronan, a significant component of the mammalian vitreous gel, and which therefore represent excellent candidates for Wagner syndrome. Genetic mapping presented here in two further families reduces the critical region to approximately 2 cM. Subsequent refinement of the physical map allows ordering of known polymorphic microsatellites and excludes CRTL1 as a likely candidate for the disorder. CSPG2 is shown to lie within the critical region; however, analysis of the complete coding region of the mature peptide reveals no clear evidence that it is the gene underlying WGN1.
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PMID:Refined genetic and physical localization of the Wagner disease (WGN1) locus and the genes CRTL1 and CSPG2 to a 2- to 2.5-cM region of chromosome 5q14.3. 1019 61

We report a case of a persistent hyaloid artery in a 69 year old man. The exam of the right eye and the anterior segment of the left eye disclosed a mild cataract. Fundus examination of the left eye revealed a persistent hyaloid artery emerging from the optic disc, surrounded by primary vitreous on its anterior end, inserting on the nasal pre equatorial retina. Macular ectopia and sectorial chorioretinal atrophy were also present. Fluorescein angiography disclosed a permeable and tight hyaloid artery. There were no macular or optic nerve anomalies precluding visual acuity. After phakoemulsification, the patient regained a visual acuity of 0.9 on the left eye.
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PMID:[Persistence of a functional hyaloid artery in an adult. Apropos of a case]. 1022 Nov 96

Besides the direct economic and social burden of myopia, associated ocular complications may lead to substantial visual loss. In several population and clinic-based cohorts, case-control and cross-sectional studies, higher risks of posterior subcapsular cataract, cortical and nuclear cataract in myopic patients were reported. Patients with high myopia (spherical equivalent at least -6.0 D) are more susceptible to ocular abnormalities. The prevalent risks of glaucoma were higher in myopic adults, and risks of chorioretinal abnormalities such as retinal detachment, chorioretinal atrophy and lacquer cracks increased with severity of myopia and greater axial length. Myopic adults were more likely to have tilted, rotated, and larger discs as well as other optic disc abnormalities. Often, these studies support possible associations between myopia and specific ocular complications, but we cannot infer causality because of limitations in study methodology. The detection and treatment of possible pathological ocular complications is essential in the management of high myopia. The ocular risks associated with myopia should not be underestimated and there is a public health need to prevent the onset or progression of myopia.
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PMID:Myopia and associated pathological complications. 1610 43

The inherited vitreoretinal degenerations or vitreoretinopathies are characterized by congenital and acquired disorders of the eye including early onset cataract, anomalies of the vitreous manifesting as optically empty vitreous, course fibrils, and membranes, and retinal detachment. These diseases include Stickler syndrome types I (STL1) and II (STL2), usually caused by mutations in COL2A1 and COL11A1 respectively. Wagner syndrome (WGN1) is associated with mutations in versican (CSPG2) and snowflake vitreoretinal degeneration (SVD) with a mutation in a potassium channel (KCNJ13). The cataract is often cortical and may be wedge-shaped, but does not distinguish between the different syndromes. The congenital vitreous defect is usually characterized as fibrillar degeneration (STL2, WGN1, and SVD) or as a vestigial membrane just behind the lens (STL1). Peripheral chorioretinal atrophy with nyctalopia is prominent in WGN1. Intraretinal crystals may be visible in the periphery using a contact lens in SVD and corneal guttae, a flat appearance to the optic nerve head and mild atrophy of the peripheral retinal pigment epithelium are also common features. Other vitreoretinal degenerations including a number of chondrodysplasias in addition to STL1 and STL2, enhanced S-cone syndrome caused by mutations in NR2E3, and autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy caused by mutations in VMD2 are discussed. Patients with unexplained early onset cataract or retinal detachment should be carefully evaluated for vitreoretinal degeneration. Theses diseases share overlapping clinical features with common complex traits affecting the eye (myopia, corneal endothelial dystrophy, lattice degeneration), and may provide insight into the mechanisms of common eye diseases.
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PMID:Clinical features of the congenital vitreoretinopathies. 1830 37


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