Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 80 patients with senile cataract had the anterior eye chamber depth measured optically by means of Haag-Streit's attachment II. The distance to the pupillary border was 2.59 +/- 0.05 mm (mean +/- SEM) preoperatively. It increased gradually after cataract extraction to 3.33 +/- 0.04 mm, measured 4 months after the operation. The increase of depth was the greatest in patients with a flat chamber and in elderly patients. The central chamber depth decreased gradually after the operation (from 2.82 +/- 0.05 mm preoperatively to 1.95 +/- 0.13 mm 4 months postoperatively). The number of vitreous prolapse cases rose from 68 to 87.5% in 4 months. These altered chamber depths were observed to bear no relation to postoperative corneal oedema (neither of parenchyma nor of epithelium), intraocular pressure, or bleeding into the chamber.
 ...
PMID:Depth of anterior chamber after cataract extraction. 67 2

Twenty four patients, who had marked reduction of vision due to secondary-cataract developed after an ECCE, were treated by surgical cleaning of the posterior lens capsule. During this procedure globular secondary-cataract material was removed and collected for morphological examination by SEM and TEM. Fragments of various sizes and shapes, including some with a 'golf ball' structure, were seen; these closely resembled particles frequently found in cataractous lenses. In addition, in 18 patients micro-organisms were found: rod-shaped bacteria, cocci, and in 2 cases yeasts. These findings were the more remarkable because these were clinically quiet eyes with no signs of intra-ocular inflammation and cultures have been persistently negative. We imagine that these bacteria must have entered the eye during the cataract extraction and have settled there without causing an infection.
 ...
PMID:(An)aerobic bacteria found in secondary-cataract material. A SEM/TEM study. 130 16

Lens tissue from a Morgagni cataract was examined by SEM and TEM. For SEM, after prefixation with glutaraldehyde and postfixation with the tannic acid/arginine/OsO4 non-coating (TAO) technique, and for TEM, after prefixation with glutaraldehyde, postfixation with OsO4/K4Fe(CN)6 and poststaining with uranyl acetate/lead citrate. The TAO technique seems to be a particularly suitable postfixation method for the SEM investigation of cataract tissue because of the presence of the protein structures present. The cortical region showed areas of radially, instead of concentrically, arranged lens fibres, degenerated lens fibres with holes (vacuoles), broken ball and socket connections between the lens fibres, and oval or spherical structures varying in size from 0.5-20 microns, the largest resembling a golfball, arising from the cytoplasm of degenerating lens fibres. The smallest, 0.2-0.5 microns, appear to have been expelled from the furrowed lens epithelium.
 ...
PMID:Study of the substructure of the Morgagni and Brunescens cataract with the TAO non-coating technique. Part 1: Morgagni cataract. 130 20

Lens tissue from a Brunescens cataract was prepared for SEM study by prefixation with glutaraldehyde and postfixation with the tannic acid/arginine/OsO4 combination; for TEM study the material was prefixed with glutaraldehyde, postfixed with OsO4/K4Fe(CN)6 and poststained with uranyl acetate/lead citrate. At low magnification, in contrast to the Morgagni cataract, no difference could be seen between the lens fibres in the cortical and nuclear areas. Morphologically, the destruction of the ball and socket system and the development of holes and spherical structures was striking. The latter appeared to have a thin coating and, after fracture, were either empty or showed remnants of material resembling membranes. In sections of the cataractous material, larger vacuoles containing smaller spheres were indistinctly visible.
 ...
PMID:Study of the substructure of the Morgagni and Brunescens cataract with the TAO non-coating technique. Part 2: Brunescens cataract. 130 21

1-[(2s)-3-Mercapto-2-methylpropionyl]-L-proline (captopril), an antihypertensive and free radical scavenger, protected the rabbit lens from peroxidative and oxidative damage induced by 1 mM diquat in vitro. To evaluate the anticataract efficacy of captopril, an experimental group of five rabbits was treated with topical captopril (1% in 0.15 M NaCl, w/v), and 50 microliters was instilled onto both eyes four times a day for a total of 8 weeks. Following the same procedure, the eyes of five rabbits were treated with topical 0.15 M NaCl as a control for captopril treatment. At the end of the first week of treatment, a single intravitreal dose of 120 nmole diquat in 30 microliters of 0.15 M NaCl was injected into the right eye of each rabbit of both the groups. As a control for intravitreal diquat injection, the left eye of all the rabbits were injected with the diluent, 30 microliters per eye. The intravitreal diquat or its diluent injection was only for one time. From slit-lamp biomicroscopic observation of the diquat-injected right eyes, the anticataract effect of captopril in the treatment group was indicated by the finding that in four of five rabbits the cataract did not advance; whereas in four of five rabbits treated with the diluent the cataract progressed to grade 3. The lenses in the diluent-injected control left eyes of the rabbits treated with the captopril or diluent were normal. However, since the number of animals used for the in vivo studies was few, further confirmation of the anticataract effect of captopril is necessary. In diquat-injected right eyes of animals treated with captopril, the integrated rate of O2- production was about 50% less (p less than .001) in the aqueous humor, vitreous humor, and lens, compared with O2-, 33.49 +/- 2.26 microM (mean +/- SEM) in the aqueous humor, 17.12 +/- 0.75 microM in the vitreous humor, and 31.44 +/- 1.29 nmole/g wet weight in the lens of the diquat-injected right eyes treated with the diluent. Similar significant (p less than .01) differences in the production of .OH and H2O2 in eye tissues were also observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Antioxidant and anticataractogenic effects of topical captopril in diquat-induced cataract in rabbits. 131 9

The inflammatory response after cataract surgery and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation was studied in rabbits with endotoxin-induced uveitis. On days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 30 postoperatively the rabbits were sacrificed and the number of white blood cells in the aqueous humor and cellular deposits on the IOLs were estimated. On days 14 and 30 the rabbits also had slitlamp examination to study the clinical outcome of the surgery. At day 1 after lens extraction and IOL implantation, the number of white blood cells in the aqueous humor was significantly lower (P < .05) in eyes with heparin-surface-modified (HSM) IOLs (795.2 +/- 262.9; mean +/- SEM) than in eyes with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) lenses (1386.5 +/- 247.9). No differences were seen at day 3, 7, 14, or 30 postoperatively. The choice of IOL material had no effect on the amount of cell deposits on the IOL surface or on clinical parameters such as anterior synechias, posterior synechias, fibrosis, and posterior capsular opacification. There was a trend toward a greater number of cellular deposits on the PMMA lenses, but this was not statistically significant. This study provides further evidence of improved biocompatibility of the HSM PMMA lens, as demonstrated by a decreased acute inflammatory response.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1992 Nov
PMID:Cellular reaction following cataract surgery with implantation of the heparin-surface-modified intraocular lens in rabbits with experimental uveitis. 143 75

Lens capsules of patients of advanced age, obtained after extracapsular cataract surgery, were carefully prepared for a combined LM, TEM and SEM investigation, after preliminary washing and mounting onto a holder in a buffer solution. After pre-fixation with GA, samples were postfixed for LM/TEM and OsO4/K4Fe)CN)6 and stained with toluidine-blue/basic fuchsin for LM and with uranyl acetate/lead citrate for TEM; for SEM the GA-pre-fixed samples were post-fixed by the Tannin Arginine-OsO4 non-coating technique. At LM-level discrimination between healthy and degenerating cells was possible after toluidine staining. At SEM-level protrusion of the cell nucleus and fibrillation and blebbing of the cell membrane as the result of capsular degeneration could be observed with the TAO-method. At TEM-level protrusion of the cell nucleus, degeneration of the cytoplasm, ballooning of the mitochondria, the presence of microfilaments and the occurrence of vacuoles were visible as the result of capsular degeneration on cataract formation.
 ...
PMID:Morphological aspects of human lens capsules. A comparative LM, SEM and TEM examination. 172 16

Collagen shields have been studied in the enhancement of the initial healing of epithelial defects, as an adjunct in the treatment of dry eye, and as a reservoir and delivery system for topical ocular medications. The authors used collagen shields to collect information on the numbers and types of free cells populating the normal and postoperative ocular surface. In addition, correlative microscopic techniques were used to study details of the mechanisms responsible for the dissolution of the shields when applied to the human eye. Collagen shields were applied as a bandage lens on the eyes of patients who underwent extracapsular cataract extraction (n = 10) or penetrating keratoplasty (n = 10) and on normal volunteers (n = 10). The shields were collected at the 1-day postoperative examination and fixed in aldehyde mixtures. Specimens then were processed for correlative light (LM), transmission (TEM), and scanning (SEM) microscopy. Cell accumulation was shown by SEM on both anterior and posterior shield surfaces. Cell adherence occurred primarily on the posterior shield periphery for approximately 2 mm, with the central zone relatively clean. Both LM and TEM evaluation revealed cell counts ranging from 0.066 cells/10(4) microns2 (standard deviation, +/- 0.256) in healthy eyes compared with shields placed on postoperative eyes (194.25 +/- 7.32 cells/10(4) microns2). Various correlative microscopy techniques revealed that most cells were polymorphonuclear leukocytes with a low number of other hematogenous (lymphocytes and monocytes) and exfoliated epithelial cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Collagen shields as a vehicle for collecting and studying migratory cells on human corneas. 174 Mar 59

Central corneal thickness (CCT) of normal and oedematous corneae was measured in a study comparing a modified Haag-Streit optical pachometer and an ultrasonic pachometer (Teknar Ophthasonic, preset velocity 1630 m/s). Sixty-eight patients were examined before and after cataract extraction with implantation of an anterior chamber lens. Mean values of CCT before operation were 531 +/- 4.9 (SEM) micron by optical pachometry and 524 +/- 4.7 microns when measured by ultrasound (not significantly different). On the first post-operative day the values were 618 +/- 8.4 and 602 +/- 7.6 microns for optical and ultrasonic measurements, respectively (significantly different, 2P less than 0.001). Correlation analysis showed a high dependence between the methods with coefficients of correlation being 0.955 before and 0.958 after the operation. Linear regression analysis revealed small, but significant differences between the techniques. The difference between the two methods increased with increasing corneal hydration, whereas it could not be ascribed to sex, age, or intraocular pressure. It is concluded that for clinical purposes optical and ultrasonic pachometry techniques are comparable.
 ...
PMID:A clinical comparison of optical and ultrasonic pachometry. 177 23

Cataract lenses from patients of advanced age were processed for SEM by standard pre-fixation followed by treatment by the Tannin-Arginine-Osmium-tetroxide (TAO) method and critical point drying, and for TEM by standard pre-fixation followed by vibratomation, standard post-fixation, ultramicrotome sectioning and staining with uranyl acetate/lead citrate. Secondary cataract material was brought onto a Millipore filter, fixed by standard methods, dried in air and sputter-coated with Au. Both SEM and TEM images revealed degeneration processes in lensfibre material, such as swelling of the lensfibre, protrusion of the cytoplasm, fibrillation of the cell membrane, loss of the nucleus, spherical bodies of various sizes between 0.5-1.5 microns, sometimes surrounded by a (double) membrane with different contrast but without cellular evidence, and small and large vacuoles partly filled with granular material both in and at the periphery of the lensfibre-body. The secondary cataract material on the Millipore filter revealed erythrocytes and more or less spherical bodies with high contrast, measuring between 0.5-1.5 microns, often referred to as Elschnig's pearls, besides non-definable organic material. The SEM and TEM micrographs of the cataract lens material strongly suggest that the spherical bodies with sizes of approximately 0.5-1.5 micrometer and high contrast without cellular evidence, are similar to the more or less spherical bodies found in the secondary cataract material on the filter, referred to as Elschnig's pearls.
 ...
PMID:A combined scanning and transmission electronmicroscopic investigation of human (secondary) cataract material. 179 Jul 55


1 2 3 4 Next >>