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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The presence of bacteria during cataract surgery was studied on 71 consecutive patients. Lid and conjunctival smears were cultured 24 hours preoperatively. Additional conjunctival smears were harvested in the operating room before and after conjunctival disinfection by oxycyanate. Moreover, the whole irrigation fluid was collected under sterile condition and examined microbiologically. 24 hours preoperatively 61 of 71 patients had positive cultures of their lids and/or conjunctivae. 8 of them showed growth of pathogenous bacteria (7 staphylococcus aureus, 1 proteus mirabilis). In the operating room before oxycyanate disinfection 5 patients were positive for staphylococcus aureus and 13 for coagulase negative staphylococci (none for proteus species). After oxycyanate disinfection 4 residual conjunctival smears showed bacterial growth when cultured (3 coagulase negative staphylococci, 1 proteus mirabilis). 22 of 71 collected irrigation fluids content few numbers of bacteria. One was positive for proteus mirabilis, 3 for staphylococci. The patient showing growth of proteus after oxycyanate disinfection and one of the patients with staphylococcus aureus positive irrigation fluid did not show this kind of micro-organism in any smear before. The authors conclude that preoperative cultures do not give real security about the presence or absence of bacteria during the operation.
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PMID:[Perioperative risk of infection in cataract surgery]. 204 74

Lysozyme (ly) concentration in tears was measured the day before and the days following intracapsular cataract extraction in 25 patients. A median ly concentration of 1.30 mg/ml was found pre-operatively. On the first post-operative day a significant drop in the median ly concentration was observed (0.58 mg/ml). Thereafter a gradual rise towards pre-operative level was found at the 12th post-operative day. An inverse correlation existed between ly concentrations and Schirmer values during the observation period, and dilution thus seems to be an important cause of the post-operative drop in ly concentration. We observed an inverse relationship between ly level, and the number (%) of patients displaying bacterial colonization of the conjunctival sac 24 h later. The most frequently isolated bacteria were staphylococcus albus and diphteroids. It is proposed that the drop in ly concentration post-operatively may contribute to an increased risk of bacterial colonization of the eye post-operatively.
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PMID:Lysozyme in tears during post-operative inflammation of the eye. 349 55

We cultured the anterior chamber aspirates of 83 patients with extracapsular cataract extraction and IOL implantation. Of the 83 cases, 5 (6.1%) had positive aspirates including 3 cases of staphylococcus epidermidis and 2 cases of staphylococcus aureus. No eye in our study developed bacterial endophthalmitis. Our study suggests that the anterior chamber of human eyes is capable of clearing a low inoculum of bacteria after cataract surgery without the development of bacterial endophthalmitis.
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PMID:[Bacteriological detection of anterior chamber aspirate after extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation]. 777

The authors report the results of bacteriologic cultures of the anterior chamber aspirate after cataract surgery. The results were positive for 15 cases (24%). Nine cultures were positive for 27 eyes operated by phacoemulsification and 6 cultures were positive for 35 eyes operated by extracapsular cataract extraction. The origin of these organisms is the normal bacterial flora of the conjunctiva and the inoculum size is very small. The most commonly identified organisms are coagulase-negative staphylococcus and propionibacterium acnes.
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PMID:[Bacterial contamination of the anterior chamber and cataract surgery]. 848 94

We report a case of unexplained bilateral corneal endothelial decompensation after a coma. A 71-year-old man with no medical history presented with bilateral endothelial decompensation that required penetrating keratoplasty of the left eye combined with cataract surgery. This coma was caused by septicemia originally due to staphylococcus infection following catheter placement in preparation for a CT scan. Visual acuity of the left eye was 20/400 and 20/100 in the right eye when the patient awoke from the coma. After examination, we noted only stromal thickening and Descemet membrane folds causing corneal edema predominating OS. The rest of the exam was normal. Six months after surgery, visual acuity improved to 20/25. The most probable physiopathological mechanism of this decompensation is an iatrogenic complication from drugs administered during the patient's stay in intensive care (oxacillin), but we cannot rule out direct aggression of a bacterium or its toxin or the decompensation of a preexisting pathology.
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PMID:[Bilateral corneal endothelial decompensation after postsepticemia coma]. 1688 31

Anterior chamber aspirate cultures were done in 57 patients who underwent uncomplicated manual small incision cataract surgery with posterior chamber intra-ocular lens implantation. The aspirates were collected at the time of wound closures. The specimens were immediately inoculated into blood agar, chocolate agar and thioglycolate broth. The cultures were incubated at 37 degrees C with 5% CO2 and held for 5 days. Out of 57 patients 8 (14%) had culture positive anterior chamber aspirates. Coagulase negative staphylococcus was the commonest (62%). No anaerobic organism was detected. None of the eyes developed endophthalmitis. The study concluded that the strict aseptic measures, the antimicrobial property of the aqueous humour or small inoculum size could be the possible factors to prevent fulminating infection.
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PMID:A prospective evaluation of anterior chamber contamination following cataract surgery. 1958 85

Purpose: To report visual outcomes, microbiologic spectrum, and antibiotic resistance in endophthalmitis patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).Methods: Retrospective study of 32 patients who underwent PPV with microbial analysis. Linear mixed models were utilized to compare visual acuity (VA).Results: Streptococcal species and coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) were the most common organisms. No resistance to vancomycin or fluoroquinolones was observed. Culture-negative individuals had better VA and lower incidences of retinal detachment (RD) and hypotony and better VA than culture-positive group at post-surgical month 3 (p = .025) and marginally at month 12 (p = .098). CoNS endophthalmitis (final logMAR VA 0.80) was associated with better VA than Streptococcal endophthalmitis (final logMAR VA 2.36) (p = .001). Secondary RD was observed in 33.3% of non-cataract endophthalmitis.Conclusion: No organisms were resistant to vancomycin or fluoroquinolones. Culture-negative endophthalmitis had better VA and lower rates of RD and hypotony than culture-positive group. A high rate of RD was observed in non-cataract endophthalmitis.
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PMID:Pars Plana Vitrectomy for Endophthalmitis: Microbiologic Spectrum and Clinical Outcomes. 3190 57