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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The influence of posterior chamber lens implantation on the aqueous humor dynamics was investigated using anterior chamber fluorophotometry before and 9 weeks after cataract extraction and IOL implantation. 34 Patients finished the protocol. Patients with preexisting glaucoma or those having a history of ocular or systemic inflammation were excluded from the study, also those taking topical or systemic drugs with potential influence on the aqueous humor dynamics. 9 weeks after IOL implantation, a mean increase in aqueous humor flow was notified. This increase was highly significant (p less than 0.01, Students paired t-test). There were no significant changes in aqueous humor dynamics in the unoperated, fellow eyes which served as controls. The significant difference of aqueous humor flow 9 weeks after cataract extraction and IOL implantation indicates that the liberation of prostaglandins may cause an increase of outflow facility as well as pseudo-facility.
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PMID:[Influence of cataract and posterior chamber lens implantation on the dynamics of the aqueous humor. Prospective study in fluorophotometry]. 195 53

My first 500 cases of no-stitch cataract surgery were evaluated in a randomized prospective study to compare the results of a 4.0 mm incision (foldable intraocular lens [IOL]) and a 5.2 mm incision (poly[methyl methacrylate] [PMMA] IOL). An additional group of 7.0 mm incision (PMMA IOL) no-stitch cases were studied retrospectively. One-day postoperative intraocular pressure averaged 20 mm Hg for both the 4.0 mm and 5.2 mm incision groups and 23 mm Hg for the 7.0 mm incision group. Hyphema occurred in 5% of the 4.0 mm incision group, in 1% of the 5.2 mm incision group, and in 5% of the 7.0 mm incision group. Surgically induced astigmatism, as absolute change in cylinder (without regard to axis) at three months postoperatively averaged 0.46 diopter (D) for the 4.0 mm incision group, 0.57 D for the 5.2 mm incision group, and 0.52 D for the 7.0 mm incision group. A prospective comparison of cold versus warm (room temperature) balanced salt solution irrigation during phacoemulsification demonstrated no statistically significant difference in effect on either the hyphema rate or astigmatism. However, the effect of scleral cautery on astigmatism, comparing cautery completely to the limbus with cautery only posterior to the insertion of Tenon's fascia, demonstrated a significant difference: an average of 50% reduction in the one week postoperative induced astigmatism was observed when the cautery was not carried all the way to the limbus. At three months, a 20% difference was still present.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
J Cataract Refract Surg 1991
PMID:Early results of 500 cases of no-stitch cataract surgery. 195 94

Preoperative and postoperative anterior chamber fluorophotometry were performed after intravenous administration of fluorescein sodium in patients undergoing extracapsular extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation. The topical application of aqueous flurbiprofen sodium 0.03% solution before and after surgery significantly decreased the surgery mediated disturbance of the blood aqueous barrier as compared to vehicle application (placebo controlled). In contrast to similar studies, cortical steroids were not given topically or systemically to either group of patients during the study. The present fluorophotometric results correlate well with slitlamp biomicroscopy of postoperative inflammation. The data of this study indicate that flurbiprofen ophthalmic solution is effective in protecting the blood aqueous barrier (BAB) in human eyes during cataract surgery and IOL implantation.
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PMID:The effect of flurbiprofen 0.03% eye drops on the blood aqueous barrier in extracapsular cataract extraction with IOL implantation. 202 41

We sought to determine whether, given the decreasing rate of complications associated with cataract surgery and IOL implantation, postoperative restrictions placed on patients undergoing these procedures could be significantly and safely relaxed. We reviewed the charts of 216 patients who had undergone capsulorhexis or "can-opener" capsulotomy, phacoemulsification, and insertion of an oval IOL over a 3-year period, noting any operative or postoperative complications. All of these patients had been examined the day after surgery and, if no complications were noted, had been instructed only to refrain from activities that produced pain. No shield was required, and no instructions were given to restrict showering, hair washing, or any other normal physical activity. We found no complications related to any postoperative activity. These results suggest that current postoperative instructions typically restricting such patients' activities should be reevaluated.
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PMID:A new look at postoperative instructions following cataract extraction. 192 1

Four surgeons evaluated induced astigmatism and postoperative wound stability in a randomized prospective study of 130 patients undergoing cataract extraction. After phacoemulsification through a scleral pocket, patients received either a 6.5-mm diameter silicone optic posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) folded for insertion through a 4-mm small incision or a 6.0-mm diameter polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) optic PC IOL placed through an approximately 6.5-mm conventional incision. Vector analysis calculations of prism diopters (D) of mean postoperative-induced keratometric astigmatism for the small incision versus conventional incision groups were, at day 1, 1.54 D versus 3.07 D (P less than 0.0001); at weeks 1 to 2, 1.00 D versus 2.43 D (P less than 0.0001); at 1 month, 0.98 D versus 1.44 D (P = 0.004); and at 3 months, 0.82 D versus 1.03 D (P = 0.089). Subgroup analysis of the suturing technique for the 6.5-mm incision showed that the technique of wound closure, as well as the wound size, influenced the induced astigmatism. For all four surgeons using three methods of suturing the 6.5-mm wound, however, the variability in the amount of induced cylinder was least with the 4.0-mm wound closed with a horizontal mattress suture. Complications in the two groups were comparable.
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PMID:Astigmatism after small incision cataract surgery. A prospective, randomized, multicenter comparison of 4- and 6.5-mm incisions. 205 93

We studied 129 eyes which were undergoing extracapsular cataract extraction with IOL-implantation. The amount of residual Healon had a clearcut effect on the IOP elevations postoperatively. In eyes operated on with the intercapsular techniques, pressure elevations and the mean values during the first 6 postoperative hours were significantly higher than in eyes operated on with the planned ECCE (can opener-technique) (P less than 0.01). The pressure elevation reached the maximal values 8-12 h postoperatively and had normalized already at 24 h in most cases, except in glaucomatous eyes which at that time had significantly higher mean IOP values than the non-glaucomatous eyes (P less than 0.01). When operations were done with an air bubble no clearcut postoperative pressure increases could be observed. Our study indicates that a comparatively small amount of Healon may cause a pressure elevation and the amount left in the eye has a greater effect upon the level of the pressure than the duration of the pressure elevation. The less we inject Healon into the eye and the more we avoid leaving it there, the less risk we have of the possibility of vision deteriorating high postoperative intraocular pressure.
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PMID:Effect of sodium hyaluronate on immediate postoperative intraocular pressure after extracapsular cataract extraction and IOL implantation. 208 Jul 6

Perioperative iatrogenic lesions due to physico chemical trauma may worsen a primary endotheliopathy or lead to a secondary endotheliopathy with subsequent decompensation and corneal opacification. The incisions in anterior segment surgery induce permanent vertical cellular disparity, considering the peripheral endothelium in an area that may correspond to its germinative zone. Cells are lost by corneal folding, e.g., during nuclear expression or sutureinduced distortion. Floating nuclear particles and a high perfusion volume, e.g., during phacoemulsification or vitrectomy in aphakic eyes, create diffuse cellular necrosis. The same thing happens with chemically or osmotically inadequate perfusion media or extraocular solutions applied to the open eye during surgical interventions, e.g., to maintain mydriasis. Large areas of cell erosion are encountered after direct contact with instruments and PMMA. This has been one of the reasons for the development of new IOL materials like Poly-Hema or silicone that are less traumatizing for the endothelium. Long-lasting endothelial lesions result from direct contact with IOL haptics or mobile iris- or angle-supported lenses. The effect of a short post-operative rise in IOP on the endothelium is not clear. For all lens styles and materials, it still remains unclear whether there is chronic subclinical inflammation due to the IOL plastic material itself or not. To protect the endothelium, e.g., during cataract surgery, several techniques have been developed: preoperative hypotony; nuclear expression respecting corneal topography; the use of small amounts of mostly physiological rinsing solutions warmed to body temperature; endocapsular irrigation-aspiration; posterior chamber phacoemulsification; posterior chamber IOL implantation with an anterior chamber deepened by air and/or viscoelastics; postoperative reduction of the IOP.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Endothelial protection in surgical interventions and corneal donor tissue]. 208 3

The authors performed in-the-bag IOL implantation in 34 eyes after endocapsular cataract extraction. The surgical key points, the complications and their management were discussed. The postoperative visual acuity s. c. was 0.5 or better n 23 eyes (67.6%), the corrected vision was 0.5 or better in all patients. The advantages of endocapsular cataract extraction are (1) ensured in-the-bag implantation and optical centering, (2) diminution of surgical complications, and (3) ready resort to posterior chamber IOL in the ciliary sulcus should the posterior capsule rupture.
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PMID:[Endocapsular cataract extraction with in-the-bag IOL implantation]. 208 47

28 eyes of traumatic cataract were performed extracapsular cataract extraction followed by primary or secondary implantation of posterior chamber IOL. Postoperative vision was over 0.2, and 1.0 or better in 71% of the eyes on follow-up. No major complications were noted during a follow-up from 62 days to 7 years. Since most traumatic cataracts are monocular and in the young, adaptation of different surgical techniques is significant in widening the range of surgical indications and promoting the success rate of the operation.
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PMID:[IOL implantation for the traumatic cataract]. 208 49

A patient with refractory glaucoma 1 year after cataract extraction and trabeculectomy had Molteno implant surgery. Three days after surgery a kissing choroidal effusion and retinal detachment adherent to the posterior chamber IOL were detected. Repeated choroidal taps were unsuccessful. Removal of the Molteno implant, vitrectomy, and silicone oil injection were required to reattach the retina.
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PMID:Retinal detachment adherent to posterior chamber IOL after Molteno implant surgery. 209 47


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