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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis technique has been advocated in cases of posterior capsule rupture during extracapsular cataract extraction. The authors compared posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis with posterior capsular sharp-edged tears. Two different types of forces were experimentally created on the posterior capsule of 30 human eyes obtained after death: (1) implantation and dialing of posterior chamber intraocular lenses (PC IOLs) and (2) increased intravitreal pressure by injection of balanced salt solution. All posterior capsular tears extended toward the equator, causing major capsular defects. In contrast, the posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis remained intact in all cases. This experimental study proves that in cases where an inadvertent posterior capsular tear occurs, a posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis is useful in preventing further capsular damage. Also, in cases where a posterior capsulotomy is indicated, a smooth edge created by a posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis may be useful to maintain the integrity of the capsular bag for PC IOL capsular implantation.
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PMID:Posterior continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis. An experimental study with clinical applications. 174 Nov 38

Following planned extracapsular cataract extraction (PECCE) and posterior chamber lens implantation in rabbit eyes, aqueous humor samples were aspirated on the 3rd and 7th postoperative days and examined by transmission electron microscopy. The controls were cells from the aqueous humor of eyes which underwent only PECCE. Six different types of cells, namely, erythrocytes (including ghost erythrocytes), polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinocytes and plasmacytes, were observed in the aqueous samples, the following results were obtained. 1) In one control eye there was no significant difference in the ratio of macrophages between the 3rd and the 7th postoperative days. 2) On the 3rd postoperative day there was a significant increase in the macrophage ratio between one IOL implanted eye and one control eye (P less than 0.1). 3) On the 7th postoperative day there was a marked increase in one IOL implanted eye in the frequency of macrophages compared to the 3rd postoperative day of the same eye and the 7th postoperative day of one control eye. It was concluded that the macrophages had a close relationship with a specific cellular response to IOL implantation.
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PMID:Floating cells in anterior chamber after IOL implantation. 177 Jun 78

Refraktive development in seven patients operated on early in life for bilateral congenital cataract has been documented over periods of 6-11 years. Attenuation of hyperopia was seen in four patients during the first 4 years of life, and even later in some of them. The three other patients did not show any considerable refractive changes. A refractive change can occur as a sudden event during the first 2 years of life or be continuous during the first decade of life, the change varying over a range of 3-12 D. One patient showed an increase in hyperopia compared with the data immediately after the cataract operation. As the refractive changes varied over a range of 6 D this cannot be explained by inaccurate measuring techniques, but is interpreted as changeable refraction that may be normal in childhood. Refractive surgery, e.g. insertion of an IOL and epikertophakia, should also be discussed on individually, as refractive changes are not generally predictable.
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PMID:[Refractive outcome in bilateral congenital cataracts. A longitudinal study]. 179 10

Whilst an anterior chamber lens implant (AC IOL) can be implanted during extracapsular cataract extraction with vitreous loss managed by anterior vitrectomy, lens implantation as a secondary procedure may avoid complications. We reviewed 47 consecutive cases of vitreous loss, 37 managed with primary and 10 with secondary AC IOLs. There was no significant difference in the level of final visual acuity but, as expected, it was reached earlier in the primary group (p less than 0.001). In the secondary group post-operative astigmatism was less marked (p less than 0.05) and the AC IOL haptic feet were correctly sited in the angle more frequently (p less than 0.05). Primary implant patients experienced more recurrent attacks of anterior uveitis (p less than 0.01) although the incidence of cystoid macular oedema and retinal detachment did not differ significantly. The results suggest that correct AC IOL positioning is more likely with a secondary procedure and that post-operative complications are fewer.
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PMID:Primary or secondary anterior chamber lens implantation after extracapsular cataract surgery and vitreous loss. 180 Jan 68

We performed a prospective study evaluating the 2-year success rate of extracapsular cataract surgery and posterior chamber IOL insertion performed in 610 eyes by an experienced surgeon in the Nepal Eye Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. All patients were followed for 2 years. All eyes underwent manual irrigation and aspiration of cortical materials with the insertion of a modified J-loop posterior chamber IOL. Almost one half of eyes had final uncorrected visual acuities of 20/50 or better. Devastating complications, including retinal detachment, corneal decompensation, and endophthalmitis, occurred in 7 (1.2%) eyes. Extracapsular cataract surgery with IOL implantation appears to be a possible alternative in underdeveloped nations where the prevalence of cataract is high and aphakic spectacles are not easily obtained by poor patients and may be lost or broken. The procedure may improve the quality of vision, and therefore the quality of life, in those patients able to obtain pseudophakic vision.
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PMID:Long-term results of extracapsular cataract extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens insertion in Nepal. 180 18

Comparison of postoperative vision and complications between 42 eyes of immature and 42 eyes of mature senile cataract showed that modern extracapsular cataract extraction on patients of senile cataract in the immature stage with posterior chamber IOL implantation yielded better results than in the mature stage. The traditional belief that senile cataract may only be operated on in the mature stage is challenged.
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PMID:[Surgical treatment of senile cataract in the immature stage]. 181 26

Vitreous loss is a dreaded complication of cataract surgery, especially so with IOL implant which then may have to be abandoned. Thirty three cases of IOL implants, either anterior chamber or posterior chamber, after vitreous loss done in the past 3 years were studied. Of these, 18 (55%) had a final visual acuity of 6/18 or better and none was worse than 6/60. The postoperative complications and findings and a review of literature are discussed.
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PMID:Intra-ocular lens implantation after vitreous loss. 184 68

The extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation (ECCE with PC IOL) was performed on 113 cases (120 eyes) with senile cataract. Half a year after the surgery, uncorrected visual acuity of 0.5 or better was achieved in 65.83%; corrected visual acuity of 0.5 or better in 93.33%, 1.0 or better in 82.50%. The intraoperative complications included vitreous prolapse, residual corte, iridodialysis and Descemet's membrane stripping. The postoperative complications were opaque posterior capsule, iris synechiea, IOL dislocation. The post-operative visual acuity and complications of the outpatient surgery was not significantly different compared to inpatient ECCE with PC IOL. The results showed that outpatient cataract surgery is safe. The advantage and disadvantage of outpatient IOL implantation were discussed, and some measures to popularize this operation for outpatient were recommended.
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PMID:[Outpatient intraocular lens implantation]. 184 61

The quality of vision in patients with a diffractive multifocal intraocular lens was tested and compared to monofocal IOLs and to eyes with a beginning cataract. An automatic computer-assisted visual acuity and contrast-sensitivity test was used. Diffractive IOLs showed reduced contrast sensitivity in both dark contrast testing and bright contrast testing. The differences from monofocal IOLs were not statistically significant. Glare sensitivity was of the same degree in both IOL groups. In additional, visual acuity under reduced contrast conditions was measured at the Ocutrast with and without glare. There was no significant difference between IOL groups. The results obtained showed that contrast sensitivity with diffractive IOLs is not as good as with monofocal IOLs. In this study no significant differences were found.
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PMID:[Glare and contrast with diffraction intraocular lenses]. 185 27

The influence of posterior chamber lens implantation on the aqueous humor dynamics was investigated using anterior chamber fluorophotometry before and 9 weeks after cataract extraction and IOL implantation. Thirty-four patients finished the protocol. Patients with preexisting glaucoma or those having a history of ocular or systemic inflammation were excluded from the study, as were those taking topical or systemic drugs with potential influence on the aqueous humor dynamics. Nine weeks after IOL implantation a mean increase in aqueous humor flow was noted. This increase was highly significant (p less than 0.01, Student's paired t-test). There were no significant changes in aqueous humor dynamics in the unoperated fellow eyes which served as controls. The significant difference in aqueous humor flow 9 weeks after cataract extraction and IOL implantation indicates that the liberation of prostaglandins may cause an increase in the ease of outflow facility.
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PMID:[Effect of cataract extraction on aqueous humor dynamics in patients with senile cataract. A prospective fluorophotometric study]. 185 28


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