Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
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Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (
cataract
)
29,165
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
The HPLC-EC method has good specificity for the analysis of glutathione, tocopherol, and ascorbate. The same HPLC system can be used for all three analysis with changes of mobile phase and the electrode cell to match the procedure required. The same C18 reversed-phase column has been used with a refillable guard column for 3 years with no noticeable loss of resolving power. The main advantage of the glutathione procedure was the ability to monitor both GSH and GSSG, which allowed us to confirm that loss of GSH in the diabetic rat lens does not result in the appearance of GSSG. The main benefit of the tocopherol procedure was the ability to measure the tocopherol content of a single rat lens. Our previous experience with UV or fluorescence detection showed those methods to be not sensitive enough for a single lens determination. The mammalian lens has the lowest tocopherol content of the tissues of the eye, 10 to 40 times less than most body tissues as measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The better sensitivity of electrochemical detection has allowed for a single lens determination, keeping the number of experimental animals to a minimum. An advantage of the
ASC
analysis procedure was the extra specificity imparted by both the chromatography and the detector as well as the ability to estimate the total ascorbate (
ASC
plus DHAA) and DHAA content. Other reducing agents such as GSH and uric acid can interfere in colorimetric methods that rely on the reducing action of
ASC
. The very high GSH content of the mammalian lens was a concern when choosing a procedure. GSH levels exceeding 10 times the level of lens samples were found to yield no response using the HPLC-EC procedure for
ASC
. The only disadvantage with electrochemical detection was that the electrode response could drift with time, requiring more frequent calibration with standards. We continue to utilize these methods to examine the prevacuole loss of
ASC
and GSH in the diabetic rat lens model of
cataract
.
...
PMID:High-performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection of antioxidants in vertebrate lens: glutathione, tocopherol, and ascorbate. 801 88
Cartilage acid protein 1 (CRTAC1) encodes a protein containing the Ca
2+
binding domain, which can promote apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) induced by ultraviolet B radiation. Exosomes secreted from adipose-derived stem cells (
ASC
-exo) have been used to treat many diseases, but the effect of
ASC
-exo on cataracts has not been established. We hypothesized that
ASC
-exo has a therapeutic effect on cataracts by regulating CRTAC1. We established the UVB-induced injured HLECs model to test the interactions between CRTAC1 and miR-10a-5p, and the effect on the Ca
2+
level and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in apoptotic HLECs. We found that UVB significantly increased the level of CRTAC1 expression and induced HLEC apoptosis, while
ASC
-exo inhibited the induction of UVB and exosome inhibitor reduced the inhibition of
ASC
-exo. The qRT-PCR results showed that miR-10a-5p had a low level of expression in
cataract
lesions, whereas CRTAC1 was highly expressed. There was a negative correlation between the expression of CRTAC1 and miR-10a-5p.
ASC
-exo reversed UVB-inhibited miR-10a-5p expression and miR-10a-5p negatively regulated CRTAC1. In vitro data showed that miR-10a-5p reversed UVB-induced ROS, apoptosis, and the Ca
2+
level in HLECs. Overexpression of CRTAC1 reversed the induction of
ASC
-exo in UVB-injured HLECs, and low expression of CRTAC1 reversed the induction of miR-10a-5p inhibitor. By upregulating the level of miR-10a-5p expression and downregulating the level of CRTAC1 expression, exosomes from ASCs attenuated UVB-induced apoptosis, ROS generation, and the Ca
2+
level in HLECs. Our research provides novel insight into the treatment methods and associated mechanisms underlying cataracts.
...
PMID:Exosomes from adipose-derived stem cells attenuate UVB-induced apoptosis, ROS, and the Ca
2+
level in HLEC cells. 3304 15
