Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In about one third of patients congenital cataracts are bilateral. If the cataracts are dense, and the patient an infant, bilateral simultaneous cataract removal reduces anesthetic risk, hospital stay, and cost and allows earlier optical correction. This study represents a retrospective survey of 32 eyes (16 cases) with simultaneous surgery for bilateral congenital cataracts. Bilateral simultaneous surgery can be performed to avoid a second general anesthesia in infants who have bilateral dense congenital cataracts.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Simultaneous surgery for bilateral congenital cataracts. 210 55

Strabismus surgery is indicated for a variety of conditions stemming from misalignment of the eyes, abnormal head posture, and nystagmus. Although part of the value of such surgery lies in the fact that it improves appearance, it differs from cosmetic surgery, because, unlike the latter, it is designed to restore only normal configuration for ocular alignment--straight and/or aligned with the object of regard. A wide array of diagnostic tests are used to determine the precise treatment required, the goal of which is to provide comfortable vision, normal head position, and normal human appearance. In some cases nonsurgical techniques can be used to treat strabismus, but there is no evidence that visual training is an effective means of straightening eyes in those cases where surgery is considered the treatment of choice. For the most common strabismus, essential infantile or "congenital" esotropia, 80+% of infants have "straight" eyes after the initial operation, and 90% after a second operation, most of these with "straight eyes" have residual deviation of 5 prism diopters of esotropia or less. More than 50% of surgically treated patients have stable, long-term satisfactory results. Considering the effort required on the part of the ophthalmologist, together with the physical and psychological benefit to the patient, the cost of strabismus surgery should be equal to that of any major ophthalmic surgical procedure. That strabismus surgery is compensated at a lower rate, than for example, cataract surgery, suggests that strabismus surgery is an excellent value.
 ...
PMID:The value of strabismus surgery. 211 13

Strabismus presenting after cataract surgery has been attributed to a variety of disorders, some of which are unrelated to the surgery. When thorough ophthalmologic and neurologic examinations fail to elucidate a definitive etiology, the motility disturbance is often ascribed to operative trauma to the orbital soft tissues. In a series of 58 patients with strabismus presenting after cataract surgery, eight (14%) were found to have previously unsuspected thyroid eye disease. Three of the eight patients had past histories of systemic dysthyroidism, but none reported diplopia prior to cataract extraction. Three of the remaining five patients showed normal thyroid function tests. Absence of diplopia prior to cataract extraction in these patients may be due to: 1) poor vision precluding diplopia until surgical restoration of sight; 2) intraoperative aggravation of the inflammatory process in otherwise subclinical thyroid eye disease; or 3) onset of clinical thyroid eye disease that was temporally associated with cataract surgery by chance. Thyroid eye disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of all patients presenting with binocular diplopia following cataract surgery. Suitable neuroimaging studies may be needed to confirm the diagnosis.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Thyroid eye disease presenting after cataract surgery. 218 23

Stickler's syndrome is a much underdiagnosed entity in the ophthalmic population. It is a dominantly inherited disease of connective tissue whose ocular findings include moderate to severe myopia, vitreoretinal degeneration, retinal detachments, cataracts, and glaucoma. Non-ophthalmologic findings include cleft palate, midfacial hypoplasia, radiographic changes of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, narrow pelvis, and broad femoral neck. Twenty percent of patients with Stickler's syndrome will have a cleft palate. We undertook a study to determine the incidence of Stickler's syndrome in patients with an isolated cleft palate, and to see if this screening process would be useful in making an early diagnosis of the syndrome and in genetic counseling. It is important to distinguish this syndrome from that of isolated cleft palate in order to: 1) insure early detection of myopia and monitor for signs of retinal detachment, cataract, and glaucoma; and 2) provide definitive recurrence counseling for families (50% vs 2.3%).
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:Stickler's syndrome in the Cleft Palate Clinic. 224 42

We describe a new technique in which ocular anesthesia is obtained by dissection of the superior quadrants, as in strabismus or retinal surgery, followed by direct infusion of the retrobulbar space with local anesthetic agent, using a blunt 19-gauge cannula. In 112 cases of cataract surgery in which we used this direct sub-Tenon's approach, we found it to be a safe, simple, and effective method of achieving rapid ocular anesthesia.
 ...
PMID:Ocular anesthesia for cataract surgery: a direct sub-Tenon's approach. 225 Aug 51

Current techniques of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair allow most retinal detachments to be repaired successfully. The success of repair depends on a careful preoperative examination and choice of an appropriate surgical procedure. The surgical procedure must be tailored to the individual eye based on a detailed preoperative examination of the retina and vitreous. Postoperative complications are not infrequent compared to many other ophthalmic surgical procedures such as cataract extraction and strabismus repair. The surgeon must observe the eye carefully in the postoperative period to monitor and treat any complications as they arise. Improvements in surgical techniques coupled with a better understanding of the pathophysiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment continue to improve the anatomic and functional success of retinal detachment repair.
 ...
PMID:The repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachments. American Academy of Ophthalmology. 225 30

In this retrospective study, the functional results of a total of 14 children with congenital cataract have been analyzed. Four had unilateral and 10 cases bilateral cataract. All children were operated on before the age of 4 months and received a silicone permanent-wear contact lens a few days after the operation. At the time of surgery in all children with unilateral cataract we found additional pathology of the eye, such as microcornea or strabismus. The children with bilateral cataract had secondary eye disorders such as nystagmus and strabismus. After an average follow-up time of 4.5 years, the children with unilateral aphakia reached a visual acuity of 10/200 in the cases with bilateral aphakias an average visual acuity of 60/200 was obtained. In the future, improvement of the functional results can only be achieved when the diagnosis and therapy take place before secondary eye disorders develop such as nystagmus and strabismus.
 ...
PMID:[Functional results after surgery of congenital cataract]. 227 82

The survival rate of children with localized orbital rhabdomyosarcoma is now greater than 90% 3 years after diagnosis as a result of advances in radiation and chemotherapy. Ninety percent of these children develop cataracts within 1 to 4 years after the completion of radiotherapy. The correction of aphakia in these children is complicated by the concurrent keratoconjunctivitis and dryness associated with radiotherapy. Three patients with a diagnosis of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma underwent treatment for uniocular cataract. Two of the patients were unable to use extended wear contact lenses. Both underwent epikeratophakia with poor results. One patient who had clinically significant ocular drying prior to cataract extraction underwent successful implantation of an intraocular lens as a primary procedure, with excellent visual results. Clinicians should be aware of the difficulties associated with contact lens wear and epikeratophakia tissue lenses in children who have had high doses of radiation for orbital rhabdomyosarcoma. Such patients are probably best served by primary intraocular lens implantation or by preservation of the posterior capsule at the time of cataract extraction to allow secondary lens implantation if contact lens wear is unsuccessful.
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
PMID:The correction of unilateral aphakia in children treated for orbital rhabdomyosarcoma. 234 12

Optical correction of high hypermetropia with glasses is the primary treatment for accommodative esotropia. These glasses are often poorly accepted by adolescents and young adults for they are cosmetically undesirable, heavy, and esotropia occurs with their removal. We report an 11 1/2-year-old, physically mature female with high hypermetropia and accommodative esotropia corrected to orthophoria with glasses who was unable to be weaned from her glasses. She became intolerant to glasses wear, refused contact lenses, and was treated successfully with bilateral phakic hypermetropic epikeratoplasty. Two years postepikeratoplasty her visual acuity is 20/40 and 20/20 uncorrected and the vision in the amblyopic right eye has remained at its maximum preoperative level. She is orthophoric at distance and has a 2 prism diopter monofixational esophoria at near without glasses. Epikeratoplasty is an option in the treatment of accommodative esotropia for patients who are past the amblyopia forming age, have a stable angle of strabismus, and who require their full hypermetropic optical correction to maintain orthophoria.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1990 May
PMID:Bilateral phakic hypermetropic epikeratoplasty for accommodative esotropia. 235 24

The frequency and polarity of secondary strabismus was related retrospectively to the onset of deprivation in 131 children with mono- and bilateral aphakia after congenital cataract or perforating injury. The frequency was highest in patients up to 2 years of age at the onset of deprivation. From the 3rd year on, it declined to 50% or less. Esotropia was predominant in the first 2 years of life. At the end of the first decade of life exotropia was up to 80%.
 ...
PMID:[The association of strabismus and aphakia in children]. 235 76


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>