Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Evidence supporting the role of non-enzymic post-translational modification of lens proteins in cataract is reported as presented at a meeting in Bydgoszcz, Poland in August 1990. Glycation and carbamylation have been studied intensively recently. Both produce modified proteins with properties similar to those of 'molten-globule' intermediates of protein folding and unfolding pathways.
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PMID:Post-translational modification of lens proteins in cataract. 191 39

Two groups of patients operated on because of cataract were compared: 106 patients from Poland and 103 patients from Norway. Mean age in the Polish group was 60 years and in the Norwegian 76 years. To explain the difference in age at operation the incidence of some cataract risk factors--diabetes, myopia, rural residence, outdoor occupation, cataract in family, steroid therapy, smoking and alcohol intake--were evaluated. Significant differences between these two groups were found only for rural residence, alcohol intake and cigarette smoking. The author suggests another possible factor causing earlier cataract formation among Polish patients.
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PMID:Senile and presenile cataract. Survey of patients undergoing cataract surgery. 788 59

We report 13 French patients with proximal myotonic myopathy. PROMM is a recently delineated multisystem disorder with dystrophic myopathy, myotonia and cataracts. This syndrome is genetically distinct from myotonic dystrophy (DM) by the absence of abnormal CTG repeat expansion. The geographical origin varies but 4 families originated from Poland. Of late onset, muscle weakness is diffuse and predominantly affected proximal and axial muscles. Facial involvement and myotonia were moderate or absent, but in all cases myotonic discharges were detected on EMG. 6 patients suffered from myalgia. Cataracts occurred in 11 patients, mainly indistinguishable from those in DM. Cardiac arrythmia occurred in 7 patients. Muscle biopsy revealed rare structural changes of the muscle fibers and selective type I atrophy, common in DM, could not be found on morphometric analysis. PROMM has a distinct clinical spectrum from DM which includes a predominantly proximal muscle weakness, with troubling pain, a more favourable prognosis and a different histopathological pattern.
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PMID:[Proximal myotonial myopathy (PROMM): clinical and histology study]. 1128 67

The aim of the study was to evaluate effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics usage and the prevalence of infectious complications, after ocular surgery. Authors analyzed data from 53 ocular surgery centers in Poland: 28674 cases of cataract surgery, 6518 cases of complicated cataract surgery, 1387 cases of contemporary cataract and glaucoma surgery and 2978 cases of glaucoma surgery. The prevalence of endophthalmitis in this group of patients ranged from 0.29% after cataract surgery to 0.93% after complex surgery (cataract and glaucoma), and was higher than other studies show. This is because the study group was much smaller. The study is the first step to create optimal schema of antibiotics usage during ocular surgery. Rational antibiotics usage is very important because of worldwide growing antibiotic resistance.
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PMID:[The use of antibiotics during the perioperative period and incidence of complications--based on data from selected ocular surgery centers in Poland]. 1563 55

Randomised multi-centre european clinical trial of antibiotic prophylaxis for endophthalmitis following cataract surgery - study has just begun in Poland. Poland is joining one of the largest prospective european clinical study of antibiotic prophylaxis and the largest in ophthalmology - the ESCRS endophthalmitis prophylaxis clinical trial. Up to 35 000 cataract patients are going to be recruited for this randomized, controlled, multi-centre study in 16 centres from 10 european countries. The goal is to reduce the incidence of endophthalmitis after cataract phacoemusification in Europe to less than 0.05% (less than 1 per 2 000 surgeries). The patients will be divided into four groups; different regimes of two antibiotics: cefuroxime injected intra-camerally and levofloxacine eye drops topically will be compared.
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PMID:[Levofloxacin (oftaquix) a fluoroquinolone of a new generation in prevention of the postoperative endophthalmitis following uncomplicated cataract surgery--the study of the European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons (ESCRS)]. 1611 54

Ludwik Zamenhof (1859-1917), born in Poland, invented and propagated Esperanto - an artificial, easy-to-learn language. Literally meaning "language of hope," Esperanto was constructed to avoid misunderstandings, establish communication and facilitate harmony among different nationalities. Simply, he wanted people to accept one another despite observed differences. He was a skilled ophthalmologist, but figuratively, he wished to heal the eyes of humankind to look without hate, just as the biblical Tobias removed the cataract from the corners of his father's eyes to restore his sight.
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PMID:To heal the mind's eye of hate--Dr. Ludwik Zamenhof. 1793 41

Lutein and zeaxanthin, two xanthophylls supposed to delay formation eye's disease (AMD, cataract), and found in numerous new dietary supplements appearing on market also in Poland. In the observed period on polish pharmaceutical market was evaluated presence about 50 supplements with lutein and 12 contained zeaxanthin as well. The lutein concentration ranges from 0.25 to 20.0 mg/serving size and zeaxanthin from 0.02 to 0.50 mg. Most of them were multicomponent (multi-vitamin products) in form of capsules or tabs for adults, advised for the eyes' protections or supply of nutritional components with various contents of lutein and zeaxanthin and various costs of daily treatment.
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PMID:[The assessment and characteristic of dietary supplements with lutein and zeaxanthin on the Polish pharmaceutical market]. 1866 22

Millions of people worldwide are blind from mature cataracts. The developing countries cannot afford expensive modern technologies to treat these cases. A cost effective, fast, machine independent procedure is necessary The purpose of this study is to describe such a technique, little known in Poland--manual small incision cataract surgery (SICS), where the whole nucleus is removed through a self-sealing sclero-corneal tunnel. Within the last several years SICS has become the main way of cataract removal in underserved populations of Asia, with Nepal as an example. Thus, the developing countries have developed a cost effective alternative to phacoemulsification with a very good clinical outcome.
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PMID:SICS--a cost effective alternative to phacoemulsification for developing countries in Nepal. 1866 94

Purpose. To determine the prevalence of age-related eye diseases and cataract surgery among older adults in the city of Lodz, in central Poland. Material and Methods. The study design was cross-sectional and observational study. A total of 1107 women and men of predominantly Caucasian origin were successfully enumerated and recruited for the study. All selected subjects were interviewed and underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations. Results. Overall 8.04% (95% CI 6.44-9.64) subjects had cataract surgery in either eye. After excluding subjects with bilateral cataract surgery, the prevalence of cataract was 12.10% (95% CI 10.18-14.03). AMD was found in 4.33% (95% CI 3.14-5.54 ) of all subjects. Of them 3.25% (95% CI 2.21-4.30 ) had early AMD and 1.08% (95% CI 0.47-1.69) had late AMD. Various types of glaucoma were diagnosed in 5.51% (95% CI 4.17-6.85) of subjects and 2.62% (95% CI 1.68-3.56) had OHT. The prevalence rates of DR and myopic macular degeneration were 1.72% (95% CI 0.95-2.48) and 0.45% (95% CI 0.06-0.85), respectively. All multiple logistic regression models were only significantly associated with older age. The highest rate of visual impairment was observed among subjects with retinal diseases. Conclusions. The study revealed high prevalence of age-related eye diseases in this older population.
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PMID:The Prevalence of Age-Related Eye Diseases and Cataract Surgery among Older Adults in the City of Lodz, Poland. 2578 69

Carl Friedrich Richard Foerster (1825-1902) was a German who was born in the Polish city Leszno. He studied medicine at the Medical Faculty of Breslau (now Wroclaw, Poland) University, and later in Heidelberg and Berlin. From 1855, he worked in Breslau, where he established in 1857 the first ophthalmology clinic. Later, he became a professor in ophthalmology, the first director of the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Breslau, and even the rector of this University. Forster did many pioneering works on visual fields, invented a photometer and the first perimeter, known for many years as the Foerster perimeter. Moreover, he studied night blindness, visual field changes due to different pathologies, and many eye diseases, including glaucoma, cataract, retinal and choroidal diseases.
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PMID:Carl Friedrich Richard Foerster (1825-1902) - the inventor of perimeter and photometer. 2583 59


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