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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This is a report on the clinical history and pathological lesions of a dog suffering from disseminated protothecosis due to Prototheca zopfi. Clinically, the dog was presented with bilateral conjunctivitis followed by blindness, deafness and posterior paresis. Pathological lesions were most severe in the eyes and consisted of subacute panophthalmitis with secondary posterior subcapsular cataract, posterior synechia, retinal detachment and microscopic evidence of glaucoma. The kidney, liver, brain, spleen and lungs were also affected. This is believed to be the first published account of protothecosis in mammals other than man in Africa. A review of the literature is included.
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PMID:Disseminated prothothecosis in a dog. 61 16

29 cases of Endophthalmitis phacoanaphylactica were diagnosed out of a total of 1300 enucleated eyes examined histologically between 1966 and 1974. Clinically the correct diagnosis was made only once. Most frequent misdiagnoses were: phthisis, recurrent iritis, and panophthalmitis. Important factors for a correct clinical diagnosis are: 1. history of injury at least 2-3 weeks previously, 2. a cataract present at the onset of the disease, 3. an endophthalmitis, often associated with extreme i.o. hypotension. Treatment consists of an immediate and total removal of lens material, regardless of the hypotension or of inflammatory signs. The retinal architecture is usually astonishingly well preserved, even in cases with extreme destruction of the anterior segments.
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PMID:[Clinical aspects of "Endophthalmitis phacoanaphylactica" (author's transl)]. 108 Aug 18

The submitted paper deals with an epidemic of severe postoperative panophthalmitis, its development, course, causes and sequelae incl. epidemiological characteristics. The disease developed in four patients 40 hours after operation of cataract. Despite treatment all four patients developed septicaemia and therefore the affected eyeballs were eviscerated. From smears of the conjunctival sac of the affected patients and from the contents of the eviscerated eyeball Proteus mirabilis and Enterobacter cloaceae were cultivated. The authors draw attention to the epidemiological association with the eye lotion BSS which was used from which Proteus mirabilis and E. coli were cultivated and with the Ringer solution from which Enterobacter cloaceae and Klebsiella pneumoniae were cultivated. An epidemiological analysis of the epidemic was made and provisions were defined to rule out its recurrence.
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PMID:[Panophthalmitis as a nosocomial infection]. 136 55

Albino rats and mice are sensitive to light and the recommended illumination of animal rooms (75-125 ft-candles) is known to cause retinal damage. When a room is illuminated by ceiling lights, animals in the cages of the top row and, to some extent, in the side columns of cage racks will be exposed to higher light intensity than those in the other cages of the rack. In 2-yr chemical carcinogenicity studies of the National Toxicology Program (previously the Carcinogenicity Bioassay Program of the National Cancer Institute), Fischer 344 rats were group-housed in hanging drawer-type clear polycarbonate cages. During the course of the chronic studies, a number of rats developed opacity of the eye. Ocular examination indicated chronic uveitis, deep interstitial keratitis, cataract formation leading to panophthalmitis, and in severe cases, phthisis bulbi. Histologic examination showed cataract and retinal degeneration. Incidences of these lesions were highest (greater than 55%) in the rats of the top rows and lowest in those of the bottom rows (less than 10%) of cages with no relation to chemical treatment, indicating an association with light intensity. The incidence of these eye lesions was markedly decreased (less than 15%) by decreasing the light intensity of the animal room to less than 50 ft-candles at 5 ft from the floor and rotating the cages in each column of a rack from top to bottom when cages or racks were changed.
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PMID:Light intensity-associated eye lesions of Fischer 344 rats in long-term studies. 166 69

Ocular lesions associated with natural and experimental outbreaks of gas bubble disease (GBD) in commercial salmonids were assessed histologically and by scanning electron microscopy. Small gas emboli were first detected in the choroid gland of the posterior uvea. In subacute and chronic cases, bubble size increased markedly and localization in retrobulbar and periocular sites was favoured. During the acute phase of GBD, ocular lesions were limited to anatomical displacement of tissue and local degeneration of compressed tissues around the perimeter of bubbles. Subacute sequelae included the formation of anterior synechia, lens cataract, and suppurative panophthalmitis. During chronic stages, when large retrobulbar bubbles had caused severe exophthalmia, there was stretching of the optic nerve and of retinal blood vessels and severe distortion of the posterior aspects of the globe. The sequential development, pathogenesis and persistence of ocular lesions associated with GBD in fish are discussed.
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PMID:Histopathology and ultrastructure of ocular lesions associated with gas bubble disease in salmonids. 207 57

Since the antibiotic era, endophthalmitis has been a rare complication of bacterial septicemia. The authors report hereby 3 cases of endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis. Both eyes were involved in one case. Causative bacteria were identified in blood. Cultures were positive respectively for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. All patients received intravenous antibiotherapy, once intravitreal antibiotic was injected. Clinical manifestations were three times panophthalmitis with dramatic course. In one case, only the anterior segment was involved. The course became complicated with a cataract, but the patient finally recovered. Although several clinical types with distinct prognoses can be defined, endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis remains a devastating situation. Treatment is controversial because of the uncertainty about the value of intravitreal antibiotics and vitreous surgery.
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PMID:[Endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis. Report of 3 cases]. 229 3

Ocular tissues from 13 dogs with naturally-occurring blastomycosis were examined histologically. Choroiditis and separation of the sensory retina from its epithelium were the most prominent lesions, although all three coats of the eye were always involved. Severe panophthalmitis was associated with a marked exudative reaction within the ocular tissues. Whereas inflammation of the anterior ocular tissues was often intense, it was rarely associated with the presence of B. dermatitidis. Sequelae to the ocular inflammation included cataract, synechiae, rubeosis iridis, and closure of the drainage angle. The last of these resulted in glaucoma and resulting degeneration of the optic nerve.
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PMID:Microscopic lesions of spontaneous ocular blastomycosis in dogs. 361 33

The literature on Clostridium perfringens infections is reviewed up to 1983. An additional case is reported with bilateral clostridial infections of the eye and orbit. One eye followed the classical course of relentless panophthalmitis, amaurosis, and orbital cellulitis ending in enucleation. The second eye contained intracameral mud and gas bubbles that were removed by vitrectomy instrumentation. Subsequent removal of the toxic cataract resulted in a final aided visual acuity of 6/18, N8. This is the third report of a retained globe, and we believe the only known case where the patient was left with useful vision.
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PMID:Gas gangrene infection of the eyes and orbits. 396 2

A case is described in which the rubber cap of a vial containing Brucella abortus vaccine came off accidentally and some of the contents splashed in the eyes of a veterinarian. A uni-ocular keratoconjunctivitis developed. The other eye was similarly affected 1 week later. Brucella tests were negative. Two months later the Br. abortus titre was 1/640 and the Br. melitensis titre 1/320. Systemic treatment with tetracyclines, co-trimoxazole and streptomycin and local treatment with chloramphenicol and atropine had no effect. Two attacks of acute keratoconjunctivitis subsequently occurred within two hours of handling Brucella vaccine. In the right eye a corneal abscess developed, as well as uveitis and cataract. Extracapsular lens extraction was performed. Panophthalmitis followed and the eye was enucleated. The literature is reviewed and the possibility of a Brucella keratoconjunctivitis indistinguishable from viral keratoconjunctivitis is discussed.
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PMID:[Brucella keratoconjunctivitis]. 678 62

Newborn rabbits inoculated intracerebrally with early-passaged broth cultures of Spiroplasma strain SMCA (suckling mouse cataract agent) either died or developed eye disease. Death occurred 4 to 12 days after infection. Rabbits which died showed hemorrhages throughout the brain, especially in areas leading to the optic nerve, and hemorrhages in the liver. SMCA could be reisolated from brain, liver, and eyes. Rabbits with eye disease did not open their eyes during an observation time of 3 to 4 months. Pathological examination revealed marked microophthalmia and severe cataract formation characterized by complete degeneration of lens fibers and liquefaction and mineralization of the lens. Other ocular changes were chronic panophthalmitis with complete destruction of the retina. Neither eye disease nor death could be induced by inoculating SMCA subcutaneously into newborn rabbits. In adult rabbits, no disease occurred after intravenous or subcutaneous injection or after inoculation into the conjunctival sac.
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PMID:Pathogenicity of Spiroplasma sp. strain SMCA in rabbits: clinical, microbiological, and histological aspects. 726 65


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