Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Although short courses of 4-quinolones are effective in routine infections, longer courses are necessary for chronic, deep-seated sepsis. Oral 4-quinolones exhibit efficacy equal to that of traditional parenteral regimens against osteomyelitis caused by gram-negative pathogens and have proved successful against chronic prostatitis and suppurative otorhinologic infections. The efficacy of these agents in the prophylaxis of urinary tract infection, travelers' diarrhea, and infections in neutropenic patients suggests other indications for potential widespread, long-term use. It is therefore important that the tolerability of regimens extending from 3-6 weeks to greater than or equal to 12 months has proved excellent. Potentially serious adverse reactions (including arthritis, cataract formation, and mutagenesis) noted in chronic animal toxicity or in vitro studies have no apparent human counterparts. However, experience is limited, and restrictions on use of the quinolones in children--except where real benefit outweighs theoretical risk--should not yet be abandoned.
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PMID:Long-term use of quinolones and their safety. 267 58

Three children with congenital insensitivity to pain are described. Self-injuries of the tongue and fingers occurred during dentition. At infancy and early childhood fever of unknown origin and/or pneumoniae were observed in all children. All of them also suffered from osteomyelitis of various bones treated with antibiotics and surgery. The tibia and metatarsals were involved in one case, the tibia, metatarsals and the femur in second child and the jaw plus metatarsals in the third case. In one child the hip has been dislocated twice after minor trauma, lumbar arthropathy, distal femoral epiphyseal fusion causing shortening of the extremity by 4.5 cm, osteochondritis dissecans of the medial femoral condyle, elbow deformity after displaced fracture of the lateral humeral condyle and post-traumatic cataract were observed.
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PMID:[Orthopedic problems in children with congenital insensitivity to pain]. 1042 11

Thanks to the activity of two field anthropologists the Finnish Nubia Expedition working in the Batn el Hagar area south of the Second Cataract in Upper (Sudanese) Nubia collected human cranial and postcranial remains representing a total of 115 individuals. Two chronological series could be built up, viz. Meroitic/X-Group and Christian Period. Most of the remaining material was chronologically and partly also geographically heterogeneous and covered Mesolithic to New Kingdom times. It was tentatively put together so as to represent the old "Prae-Meroitic" Nubian stock. The material was generally too sparse and too selected to allow a demographic study. However it allowed a comparative anthropometric analysis, focusing on the Meroitic/X-Group and Christian periods. Other aspects of the physical build of the individuals studied could be reconstructed by analysis of descriptive features. The differences observed between the series could be explained by determination of the relative shares of the White and Black anthropological varieties and their blend. The ample collection of pathological findings included rare instances such as two cases of vertebral tuberculosis and one case probably representing fungal osteomyelitis. Detailed data will be published in a monograph under preparation.
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PMID:Survey on the anthropological collection of the Finnish Nubia Expedition. 1160 24

Two cases of Werner's syndrome are reported. The first case is that of a man with grey hair since his 20s, and alopecia since aged about 50 years. At the age of 53 years, Werner's syndrome was diagnosed, along with a malignant soft tissue tumour of the hand. The patient underwent ray amputation for the tumour. The subsequent histopathological diagnosis was synovial cell sarcoma, and the patient died of lung metastasis at 15 weeks postsurgery. The second case is that of a woman diagnosed with diabetes mellitus when aged 34 years. At 39 years, a bilateral cataract was diagnosed and at 40 years, diabetic gangrene of the left calcaneal region and calcaneal osteomyelitis necessitated left below-knee amputation. The incidence of Werner's syndrome in Japan is extremely high (1000 of the around 1300 cases reported worldwide) compared to other countries. Most patients develop malignant tumour or arteriosclerosis, the most important complications of this syndrome. The average life expectancy for patients with Werner's syndrome is 46 years. The incidence of epithelial cancer and mesenchymal sarcoma is 10 times that of the general population. The onset of symptoms of Werner's syndrome generally precedes any later symptoms of associated conditions, such as malignant tumour. Therefore, early recognition of Werner's syndrome is important to assist identification of malignant tumours at an early stage in this patient group.
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PMID:A report of two cases of Werner's syndrome and review of the literature. 1467 53

This is the first reported case of delayed-onset postcataract endophthalmitis caused by Mycobacterium goodii, confirmed by multiple cultures. The patient had uneventful cataract removal by phacoemulsification with implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL). One month later, he developed redness, pain, a hypopyon, and a decrease in visual acuity to finger counting in the affected eye. A vitreous biopsy was performed for suspected endophthalmitis; culture results showed rapidly growing bacteria identified by DNA sequencing as Mycobacterium goodii. The eye ultimately required IOL explantation but had a good final outcome with 20/40 uncorrected vision. Mycobacterium goodii is a rapidly growing Mycobacterium with isolates more commonly occurring in cellulitis, osteomyelitis, and respiratory disease. Single-drug antibiotic therapy for nonocular disease is often sufficient if the correct antimicrobial agent is used. The newer fluoroquinolones are promising against rapidly growing Mycobacterium.
J Cataract Refract Surg 2005 Jun
PMID:Postcataract endophthalmitis caused by Mycobacterium goodii. 1603 8

A 49 y/o female under went 48 hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) treatments at 2.5 ATA (atmospheres absolute) (253 kPa) for 90 minutes for chronic refractory osteomyelitis of the sacrum and recurrent failure of a sacral myocutaneous flap. Prior to HBO2 therapy, formal ophthalmic exams revealed myopia but no evidence of cataract formation. Eight weeks following the completion of HBO2 therapy, on repeat ophthalmic exam, the patient was discovered to have worsening myopia. Changes of the crystalline lens, consistent with nuclear cataract development, were identified in each eye. Other common causes of cataract formation including diabetes, corticosteroid use, and excessive exposure to ultraviolet light, were excluded. While transient visual changes are known to occur during HBO2 therapy, cataract formation has only rarely been reported and only after prolonged courses of treatment (150 or more treatments). This case identifies the need to further investigate the ocular effects of HBO2 therapy, especially with regard to cataract development and progression.
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PMID:De novo cataract development following a standard course of hyperbaric oxygen therapy. 1825 34