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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Complications associated with the intraocular lenses (IOL) implantation can be classified into 3 groups: intraoperative, early and late complications. Some of the complications have to be treated at once, otherwise the condition may deteriorate and lead to the occurrence of various secondary complications. One of the intraoperative complications during the IOL implantation can be the impairment of the corneal endothelium which occurs due to the inadequate size of the incision. A part of the IOL loop can remain incarcerated in the corneo-scleral wound during surgery. A strong choroidal hemorrhage may occur, as well as the shallowing of the anterior chamber. Iridodialysis may appear as a consequence of the implant manipulation. IOL can also be subluxated or luxated anteriorly or below the sclera. All of these complications should be promptly attended to. Early postoperative complications that should be treated as soon as possible are the occurrence of the pupillary block, shallow anterior chamber, secondary glaucoma, choroidal detachment, corneal edema and postoperative iritis. Besides the corneal edema, late postoperative complications include the formation of secondary cataract, the occurrence of cystoid macular edema and retinal detachment. The treatment of some of these complications can be delayed for a certain period, while other require the immediate treatment and correction. In this work the author presents his results, the complications encountered in different stages of the IOL implantation, and the immediate interventions that were carried out.
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PMID:Acute interventions with intraocular lenses implantation. 274 20

In a new surgical procedure, adverse reactions or complications may surface without most ophthalmic surgeons experiencing them or being aware of them. Even those with a large series of cases may never see certain problems. Through a collaborative effort with over 200 radial keratotomy surgeons totaling 63,000 cases nearly every significant complication has been documented. This study of radial keratotomy complications includes the number of patients and percentage of the total of the following: intraoperative occurrences which generally do not affect vision, which include microperforations and macroperforations; postoperative changes which do not affect vision: limbal "peeking" and star pattern with light; transient occurrences which tend to resolve with time: ptosis, recurrent erosions, corneal ulcer, microwound abscess, delayed wound healing, inferior rectus palsy, glare or fluctuating vision after six months, iritis, and stromal keratitis; postoperative changes which can affect vision (correctible): overcorrection more than 1.5 diopters, marked undercorrection more than -2.00 diopters, irregular astigmatism, neovascularization after soft-contact-lens wear, and best-corrected acuity decreased usually only one line; and postoperative changes which can affect vision (uncorrectible): retrobulbar hemorrhage and endophthalmitis, loss of the eye, herpes keratitis, and cataract formation.
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PMID:Radial keratotomy complications. 342 39

I present three successive pseudophakic cases that had intraocular inflammation (iritis) and bullous keratopathy presumably caused by denatured sodium hyaluronate (Healon). The denatured Healon was injected into the anterior chamber mixed with fresh Healon during routine planned extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation, when the cannula was reused after sterilization by disinfectants and autoclaving. A residuum of the viscoelastic substance remained inside the cannula and its nature was changed to a toxic chemical by the action of disinfectants and the sterilization procedures. The first two cases developed pseudophakic bullous keratopathy and had successful penetrating keratoplasties performed. The third case had minimal intraocular inflammation. The hypothesis that this intraocular reaction was due to denatured Healon was confirmed by use of a rabbit eye model. I recommend using a single-use disposable cannula for intracameral administration of Healon.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1987 Sep
PMID:Intraocular inflammation of denatured viscoelastic substance in cases of cataract extraction and lens implantation. 366 37

Polymethylmethacrylate has proven to be a useful intraocular lens (IOL) implant material and remains the most widely used material for the fabrication of IOLs. Complications, however, from IOL implantation still occur. A hydrogel lens has been designed for posterior chamber placement. A clinical study from August 1983 to June 1985 was undertaken to determine the safety and efficacy of this new lens manufactured from 38% poly HEMA. The noninflammatory postoperative complications were limited to lens decentration and opacification of the lens capsule. Three cases of posterior capsule opacification required YAG laser capsulotomy. Laser capsulotomy is feasible and the lens appeared to be more resistant to damage from the YAG laser than polymethylmethacrylate lenses. In general, the material appeared to be well tolerated and there have been no cases of persistent iritis or clinically detectable cystoid macular edema. If the visual acuity outcome by age decade for all patients irrespective of follow-up time is considered, 92% of patients achieved 20/40 or better corrected visual acuity.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1986 Nov
PMID:Clinical results of hydrogel lens implantation. 378 68

We analyzed retrospectively 45 patients who had received silicone oil injection for vitreoretinal problems and divided them into three groups: aphakic patients who had undergone an extracapsular cataract extraction (AEC), aphakic patients who had undergone an intracapsular cataract extraction (AIC) and phakic patients (PHA). Patients were followed up from 4 to 13 months (average: 8.5 months). Irreversible silicone keratopathy was found in 50% of the eyes in the AIC group between 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively. An intact lens or capsule correlated well with the absence of this complication. In phakic eyes, secondary cataract was the most prominent early complication, developing by the end of the eighth week in 60% of eyes. Other early complications were inflammatory surface silicone membranes, rubeosis, iritis, glaucoma and capsular opacification.
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PMID:Early anterior segment complications after silicone oil injection. 380 75

Sixty-seven patients were examined 3 to 5 1/2 (mean 4) months after intended extracapsular cataract extraction with implantation of the 3 M, style 83, posterior chamber lens. A visual acuity greater than or equal to 0.5 was recorded in 58 (86.6%) of the patients. The complications were: one (1.5%) case of acute iritis, one case of pupillary capture and two (3.0%) cases of capsulotomy-requiring early secondary cataract. There were no posterior segment complications. None of the patients were treated with anti-glaucomatous medication, and none had intraocular pressure above 20 mmHg. Pre-operatively, biometry was performed, and the SRK-formula was employed in estimating the post-operative spherical equivalent refraction: The actually measured refraction differed less than 2 diopters from the predicted refraction in 84.5% of the cases.
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PMID:Complications and visual outcome 4 months after extracapsular cataract extraction with implantation of posterior chamber lenses. A prospective clinical study. 381 64

Trabeculectomy for primary glaucoma was successfully combined with extracapsular lens extraction and insertion of a Pearce tripod posterior chamber lens in seven eyes of five patients. The results were similar to those expected from each component of the operation when performed alone, and all eyes achieved visual acuity of 6/9 or better with control of intraocular pressure below 22 mmHg without supplementary medical treatment. The incidence of mild anterior uveitis (three out of seven eyes) and hyphaema (two out of seven eyes) was greater than usual with this type of cataract extraction but no more than expected after trabeculectomy. Mydriatic drops may be used to treat postoperative iritis without danger to the stability of this pattern of implant. In addition the anterior chamber cannot become shallow, as the rigid legs of this lens extend behind the iris beyond the periphery of the cornea and prevent forward movement of the implant even if there is excessively free drainage of aqueous after the operation.
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PMID:Extracapsular lens extraction and posterior chamber intraocular lens insertion combined with trabeculectomy. 401 40

Three patients undergoing uncomplicated cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation developed an endothelial line, clinically appearing identical to that seen in allograft rejection following corneal transplantation. Both intracapsular and extracapsular surgery were involved. Three different intraocular lens types were implanted (pupillary supported, anterior chamber, and posterior chamber). Each case was associated with postoperative iritis and glaucoma. They were nonresponsive to steroid therapy and eventually resulted in total corneal decompensation. This clinical entity may represent an autoimmune phenomenon stimulated by chronic inflammation induced by the intraocular lens.
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PMID:Endothelial line associated with pseudophakic bullous keratopathy. 409 78

A prospective, randomized, double-masked study was conducted to compare the efficacy of steroid/antibiotic treatment to placebo in reducing postoperative ocular inflammation. Patients undergoing planned extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation were treated with either placebo or a combination product containing dexamethasone, neomycin, and polymyxin B for three days prior to surgery and three weeks following surgery. Five of thirteen (38%) patients treated with placebo developed significant iritis postoperatively, while none of ten (0%) patients treated with the combination product developed excessive inflammation (P = 0.027). Two patients treated with the steroid/antibiotic combination product experienced a broken suture postoperatively followed by iris prolapse, as compared to none in the placebo group (P greater than 0.10). More types and significant numbers of bacteria were isolated from the eyes of the placebo-treatment group after therapy than were found in the steroid/antibiotic-treatment group.
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PMID:Use of steroid/antibiotic prophylaxis in intraocular lens implantation: a double-masked study v placebo. 629 59

A 52-year-old black man evaluated for a left cataract following an iritis was incidentally noted to have a vascularized, firm, inflammatory-appearing left caruncular mass. Removal of the cataract and of the left caruncular mass led to the discovery that the latter was composed of dilated channels containing secretory globoid bodies; the cyst wall was composed of a double layer of cuboidal epithelium, occasionally displaying apical cytoplasmic snouts. Lobules of lacrimal gland tissue were found in intimate association with the cystic spaces in multiple foci. The secretory globoid bodies had ruptured from the cystic cavity into the connective tissue of the caruncle, where a multinucleated foreign body-type granulomatous response had been elicited. This spontaneous rupture and the ensuing inflammation accounted for the inflammatory character of the lesion on clinical examination. The authors believe that secretory globoid bodies are a distinctive feature of dacryops, which normally occurs in the major lacrimal gland. When dacryops occurs in a minor lacrimal gland of the caruncle or fornices (glands of Krause or Wolfring), the presence of secretory globoid bodies may help to distinguish dacryops in these unusual locations from small conjunctival inclusion cysts, which sometimes have calcareous inclusions but lack the myriad spherical secretory bodies of dacryops.
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PMID:Caruncular dacryops with extruded secretory globoid bodies. 633 Jun 36


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