Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied 105 patients (105 eyes) operated on for glaucoma with adjunctive fluorouracil, who were followed up for 12 to 48 months (mean, 34.6 +/- 12.9 months). Fifty eyes that had previous glaucoma or cataract extraction or had inflammatory glaucoma had a high risk for postoperative scarring (high-risk group), and 55 eyes had glaucoma surgery as an initial procedure (initial surgery group). An intraocular pressure of 20 mm Hg or less, with or without hypotensive medications, was found in 42 eyes in the high-risk group (84.0%) and in 53 of the eyes in the initial surgery group (96.4%). Of the 105 eyes, an intraocular pressure of 12 mm Hg or less without medication was achieved in 17 eyes in the high-risk group (34.0%) and in 35 eyes in the initial surgery group (63.6%). Late complications in both groups were as follows: endophthalmitis in four eyes (3.8%) (two of the infected blebs were located superiorly and two inferiorly), transient leaking bleb in two eyes (1.9%), hypotony of an extended period with 180 to 360 degrees of filtration in three eyes (2.9%), giant bleb extending over the cornea in two eyes (1.9%), and a transient, mild iridocyclitis in nine eyes (8.6%). Thus, adjunctive fluorouracil after filtering surgery may entail various, mainly bleb-related, late side effects and complications.
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PMID:Late complications after glaucoma filtering surgery with adjunctive 5-fluorouracil. 847 Jul 24

We present a family with five members affected by Type 1 autoimmune polyendocrinopathy. All patients had chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and dental abnormalities. Four patients had ocular abnormalities, four had hypoparathyroidism, and three had Addison's disease. The family was unusual in that all four affected females had premature ovarian failure. The ocular abnormalities included two patients with subcapsular lens opacities, one patient with asymptomatic corneal opacities, and one patient with severe bilateral iridocyclitis with cataract formation. One patient had pernicious anaemia and one had insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. All patients were negative on repeated occasions for organ specific and non-organ specific autoantibodies. Lymphocyte studies were performed in four patients. A deficiency of T suppressor cells was found in three and low normal levels were present in the fourth suggesting that the syndrome may be due to a defect in suppressor T cells.
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PMID:Unusual manifestations of type 1 autoimmune polyendocrinopathy. 918 92

Visual disability continues to be a significant problem in leprosy patients due to cataract, chronic iridocyclitis, and corneal disease. Clinical and epidemiological aspects of these problems are described and the current status of eye care in leprosy programmes is discussed.
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PMID:Prevention of blindness in leprosy: an overview of the relevant clinical and programme-planning issues. 929 Aug 40

A 62-year-old man developed bilateral granulomatous iridocyclitis after uncomplicated cataract surgery. On ophthalmic examination, we found moderate inflammation in the anterior chamber and vitreous, with granular crystalline deposits on the iris, intraocular lens, and capsular bag. Biopsy of the lens capsule and vitreous revealed periodic acid-Schiff-positive, diastase-resistant bacilli consistent with Tropheryma whippelii. Electron microscopy and polymerase chain reaction confirmed the diagnosis of Whipple disease. A jejunal biopsy specimen also revealed T whippelii. Treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, cefixime, rifampin, and doxycycline resulted in improvement of systemic symptoms, but intraocular inflammation persisted. Intraocular inflammation was eventually reduced with the intravenous administration of ceftriaxone sodium.
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PMID:Ocular manifestations of Whipple disease: an atypical presentation. 974 87

Physiotherapy was administered to 84 patients aged 59-78 years with toxic allergic reaction in the eye after extracapsular cataract extraction with implantation of intraocular lenses (IOL). The patients were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 (n = 15) were treated by fibrinolysin magnetophoresis, group 2 (n = 17) lidase magnetophoresis, group 3 (n = 28) lecozyme magnetophoresis, and group 4 (n = 24) collalysin magnetophoresis. Treatment started on days 3-5 after surgery. Magnetophoresis was carried out using Russian Gradient-1 device, generating a low-frequency magnetic field of 10-12 mT, 10-12 min exposure. For patients with pronounced iridocyclitis and uveitis, enzyme magnetophoresis was supplemented with atropine, adrenalin, and calcium chloride electrophoresis (with monitoring the pupil size). Comprehensive treatment resulted in complete resolution of exudation in the anterior and posterior segments of the eye, hypopyon, loosening and resorption of anterior and posterior synechiae, the vitreous body grew more transparent, visual acuity improved in 91.1% patients (coarse dystrophic changes in the central zone of the fundus oculi were detected in 8.9%). Magnetophoresis with fibrinolysin and lidase is most effective in patients with toxic allergic reaction during the early periods after cataract extraction with IOL implantation, while in later periods magnetophoresis with lecozyme and collalysin should be preferred. The efficacy of collalysin is not inferior to that of lecozyme, but its effect is more mild and the drug causes no allergic reactions. Magnetophoresis with mydriatics (with monitoring the pupil size) and calcium chloride is recommended for all cases.
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PMID:[The efficacy of using enzymes in treating toxic-allergic reactions after cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation]. 986 79

Purpose: To report a case of chronic iridocyclitis in young girls and the effect of systemic cyclosporin A for inflammation following surgery for complicated cataract.Case: A 6-year-old girl presented with white uveitis, complicated cataract, and band keratopathy in both eyes. We diagnosed her as having chronic iridocyclitis in young girls. Eight months later, the anterior chamber in the left eye became flat. Ultrasound biomicroscopy showed the presence of cyclitic membrane and adhesion of the ciliary body to the lens capsule. Phacoemulsification with pars plana vitrectomy was used to remove the lens, anterior vitreous, and cyclitic membrane. Severe inflammation and hypotony developed after surgery and persisted after systemic and topical corticosteroids. Systemic cyclosporin A induced rapid resolution of inflammation.Conclusion: Systemic cyclosporin A was useful for postoperative inflammation in this case of uveitis of young girls.
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PMID:A case of chronic iridocyclitis in young girls. Surgery for complicated cataract and effect of cyclosporin A 1071 94

The authors investigated the possibility of using the level of preoperative blood monocytosis as an express method for predicting fibrinous iridocyclitis in planned artiphakia. Extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular correction (B. N. Alexeev's design) was carried out in 372 patients, 287 of these without non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (group 1) and 85 with NIDDM (group 2). The patients were divided into 3 subgroups depending on the absolute blood monocyte counts before operation: 1) up to 200 monocytes, 2) 200-400, and 3) more than 400. The incidence of fibrinous iridocyclitis was significantly higher (p < 0.01, 17-18-fold on average) in both subgroups 3 (more than 400 monocytes) in comparison with subgroups 1 (less than 200 monocytes), the treatment strategy being the same in all patients. In NIDDM group the total number of fibrinous iridocyclitis cases was 2 times higher in all 3 subgroups than in group 1. Hence, the level of preoperative blood monocytosis can be used as an express method for predicting fibrinous iridocyclitis in planned artiphakia choosing the treatment strategy during the immediate postoperative period, including that for patients with NIDDM.
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PMID:[An express-method for predicting fibrinous iridocyclitis in the early postoperative period in artiphakia]. 1209 43

The eye manifestations of congenital toxoplasmosis were investigated in 38 infants and children. Diagnosis of the congenital ocular lesions was established clinically, using also X-ray, computed tomography and ultrasonography, and confirmed by two immunodiagnostic techniques. Infants and children were examined when one or more characteristic manifestations of ophthalmic disorders were present. Typical symptoms and signs can present at birth or appear later in life. The multiplicity of clinical manifestations is characteristic of the disease. The most common symptom was chorioretinitis (92%), associated in 71% of the cases with other ocular lesions, and the second most common symptom was microphthalmia and strabismus. The inflammatory process also involved the anterior segment of the eye: iridocyclitis, cataract, glaucoma. Other rare findings were hydrocephalus, calcification in the brain, paresis, epilepsy and diminished visual acuity. The study showed that transplacental transmission of Toxoplasma to the fetus can have severe clinical consequences and terminate in fatal ocular impairment.
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PMID:Congenital toxoplasmosis: eye manifestations in infants and children. 1236 84

The most common postoperative complication of cataract extraction is posterior capsule opacification. It causes the deterioration of visual acuity, however, there is no effective method to prevent it. The posterior capsule opacification is treated by surgical or laser capsulotomy. The authors analysed the results of Nd:YAG application in discission of the opacified posterior capsule. Twenty-eight consecutive cases (23 patients) of extracapsular cataract extraction and phacoemulsification with implantation of posterior chamber intraocular lenses were reviewed. In all cases of capsulotomy the Nd:YAG laser of Q-switch Zeiss type was applied. The improvement of visual acuity was achieved in 25 cases (89%). The best visual acuity (0.8-1.0) was obtained in 72% of eyes and in 22% the improvement was from 0.25 to 0.5. In two cases visual acuity after capsulotomy deteriorated because of concomitant glaucoma. In one case repeated capsulotomy did not turn out to be successful. It was caused by diabetic neuropathy of the optic nerve. We did not observe any serious complications following Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy described by the others: the intraocular pressure elevation, cystoid macular edema, intraocular lens injury, retinal detachment, iridocyclitis. Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy is one of the best methods of treatment of posterior capsule opacification. It appears to be effective, safe, non-invasive and it does not require patient hospitalisation.
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PMID:Results of Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy in posterior capsule opacification. 1289 44

Three hundred and fifty-two patients with senile cataract were followed up. Herpes-virus and Chlamydia infections were proven to be important in the development of exudative complications as observed during the early postoperative period in patients after cataract extraction and IOL implantation. The phagocyte index as well as the phagocyte number were found to be reliably reduced versus the normal values in patients with postoperative iridocyclitis.
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PMID:[The preclinical diagnosis, prevention and treatment of postoperative iridocyclitis in patients after intraocular aphakia correction]. 1538 41


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