Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0086543 (cataract)
 29,165 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between the years 1962 and 1976 85 eyes which had undergone cataract surgery were accessioned to the Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory of the Helsinki University Eye Hospital. The specimens were submitted from the various eye departments of the country. Of these 8k eyes nine had been enucleated within 2 months after surgery while in 64 cases the enucleation had been performed more than 12 months after surgery. 40 eyes had had an attempted operation for senile cataract, 30 eyes for traumatic cataract while the remaining cases were congenital cataract cases or cataracts in pre-existing glaucomatous or chronic uveitis eyes. Most frequent causes for the loss of the eyes were related to incomplete or abnormal healing of the operative wound such as epithelial down-growth and closure of the chamber angle with extensive anterior synechiae leading to absolute glaucoma. It is noteworthy that all cases of epithelial downgrowth were derived from the beginning of the observation period. No new cases were obtained after 1969. Other important causes were purulent endophthalmitis and retinal detachment. Haemosiderosis was a prominent cause in the group with traumatic cataract. A careful histopathological analysis of eyes enucleated after cataract surgery is mandatory as it is from the complications we learn most in cataract surgery.
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PMID:Causes of enucleation following cataract surgery. 30 38

The authors studied the development of the cellular immune response following extracapsular, traumatic and uveitic cataract extractions as well as in cases of sympathetic ophthalmia. In order to detect the cellular sensibility the blast transformation method and the migration test with lens and iris antigen were applied.
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PMID:Study on cellular immune response after complicated cataract operations and in sympathetic ophthalmia. 30 73

Fifty patients admitted for cataract extraction had their lids and conjunctive cultured two days preoperatively, on the morning of surgery, and on each of the first four postoperative mornings. Multiple topical preoperative antibiotics given for forty-eight hours before surgery produced a marked reduction in the periocular bacterial flora, an effect which persisted throughout the postoperative period. Lash trimming prior to surgery did not alter the periocular bacterial flora present on the morning of surgery or at any time during the first four postoperative days. While multiple preoperative topical antibiotics may reduce the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis through suppression of periocular bacterial flora, no such role can be postulated for lash trimming.
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PMID:Preoperative topical antibiotics and lash trimming in cataract surgery. 30 48

The Allen procedure to prevent postoperative endophthalmitis has been applied in cataract operations since 1973. Postoperative endophthalmitis has been observed through the years 1965--1973 in 0.49% of registered cases, while the infection rate has now been lowered to 0.067%.
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PMID:[Local prophylactic measures to prevent postoperative infection after cataract operations (author's transl)]. 30 74

Lenses removed in 408 cataract operations were cultured for bacteria. Most (78%) lenses were sterile. Of the positive cultures, 48% were positive for Staphylococcus epidermidis and 15.4% for S. aureus. These findings reflect the flora of the normal preoperative conjunctiva, and the organisms most commonly implicated in postoperative endophthalmitis. One case of endophthalmitis occurred in this series, and S. aureus was cultured from the lens and later from the postoperative wound and a wound suture, but no intraocular paracentesis was performed to confirm the causative organism.
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PMID:Bacterial cultures of lenses removed during cataract surgery. 30 20

In 520 consecutive cataract extractions, 1 gm chloramphenicol has been given intravenously immediately before entering the anterior chamber of the eye with no known resultant blood dyscrasias and no bacterial endophthalmitis.
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PMID:Intravenous chloramphenicol to prevent postoperative endophthalmitis in cataract surgery--520 consecutive cases. 30 90

Cataract extraction was performed on 734 patients. These were followed up postoperatively for up to 1 year. In 448 cases the extraction was performed in both eyes during 1 operating session (896 eyes) and in 1 eye in 286 cases, a total of 1182 cataract extractions. Preoperatively more than 75% of the eyes in both groups had perception of light only. Postoperatively more than 85% of eyes in both groups achieved a visual acuity of 6/30 or better. The postoperative visual performance of an eye was not influenced by the mode of operation, bilateral or unilateral. The overall incidence of complications among the 1182 operated eyes was: accidental extra-capsular cataract extraction 10.2%, vitreous loss 11.0%, hyphaema 1.4%, flat anterior chamber 0.9%, dehiscence of the wound 0.5%, uveitis 1.2%, endophthalmitis 0.3%, secondary glaucoma 0.9%, severe bullous keratopathy 1.4%, oedema of the macula 0.5%, and retinal detachment 0.3%. The complications in both groups of patients were comparable. Only in 1 case operated in both eyes vision was not restored following a bilateral endophthalmitis.
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PMID:Bilateral versus unilateral cataract extraction: advantages and complications. 30 67

A culture proven case of bacterial endophthalmitis (alpha streptococci, not Group D, and coagulase-negative staphylococci) occurred in association with a vitreous wick 26 days following uncomplicated intracapsular cataract extraction. Despite intensive antibiotic therapy, the eye was lost to infection. Immediate surgical repair of vitreous wicks which communicate with the external ocular surface is recommended.
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PMID:Bacterial endophthalmitis associated with vitreous wick. 31 47

Nonconcurrent analysis of 45,954 cataract operations performed by a single surgeon indicates that periocular injection of penicillin combined with multiple preoperative applications of topical chloramphenicol-sulphadimidine reduced the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis by 72%. Periocular penicillin alone was ineffective. A concurrent masked randomized study of 6,618 cataract operations confirms the efficacy of combined prophylaxis and demonstrates that the topical regimen, by itself, is as ineffective as isolated penicillin prophylaxis.
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PMID:Antibiotic prophylaxis of postoperative endophthalmitis. 31 49

We initiated a pathologic investigation of ocular disease in wallabies. Of 21 animals examined, the eyes were investigated histologically in 11; in four of these animals the brains were also available for section and the sera were investigated in three. In ten animals only sera were received. Histologic studies showed bilateral or unilateral cataract in five animals. Eight animals, with or without cataracts, showed various degrees of keratitis, uveitis, choroidoretinitis, or endophthalmitis. In three animals Toxoplasma cysts were found within the retina or brain, or both. Of the 13 cases examined serologically 11 were positive for toxoplasmosis; three reached high titers.
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PMID:Ocular toxoplasmosis in wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus). 38


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